Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-436
Allowed-with-ReviewInterpretation Conflict
Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete
Product A handles inputs or steps differently than Product B, which causes A to perform incorrect actions based on its perception of B's state.
261 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-93750 (GCVE-0-2026-93750)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-18 17:51 – Updated: 2026-09-24 14:23
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
http-cache-semantics through 4.2.0 Cross-Client Cache Disclosure via Vary Wildcard
Summary
http-cache-semantics through 4.2.0 contains a cache validation vulnerability in the _varyMatches() function that fails to properly validate Vary header wildcards due to byte-for-byte string comparison. Attackers can request URLs previously fetched by other clients to receive cached responses intended for different users, disclosing sensitive information across clients.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-18 18:03 UTC
CWE
- CWE-436 - Interpretation Conflict
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/kornelski/http-cache-semantics… | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/kornelski/http-cache-semantics | product |
| https://github.com/kornelski/http-cache-semantics… | technical-description |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/http-cache-s… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| kornelski | http-cache-semantics |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 4.2.0
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:http-cache-semantics_project:http-cache-semantics:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Date Public
2026-09-17 00:00
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CVE-2026-92598 (GCVE-0-2026-92598)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-16 21:47 – Updated: 2026-09-17 14:43
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Nodemailer before 9.1.0 IDN/Punycode Domain Allow-list Bypass
Summary
Nodemailer before 9.1.0 fails to apply UTS-46 normalization when encoding international domain names, causing the domain resolver to compute a different Punycode A-label than standards-compliant parsers. Attackers can craft recipient addresses with invisible characters or compatibility mappings that pass domain allow-list checks but are delivered to attacker-controlled domains via SMTP.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-17 14:40 UTC
CWE
- CWE-436 - Interpretation Conflict
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/nodemailer/nodemailer/security… | vendor-advisory |
| https://github.com/nodemailer/nodemailer/commit/259c32d | patch |
| https://github.com/nodemailer/nodemailer/commit/b212ac4 | patch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/nodemailer-b… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nodemailer | nodemailer |
Affected:
0 , < 9.1.0
(semver)
Unaffected: 9.1.0 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:nodemailer:nodemailer:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Date Public
2026-09-01 00:00
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CVE-2026-92597 (GCVE-0-2026-92597)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-16 21:47 – Updated: 2026-09-17 19:23
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Nodemailer before 9.1.0 Email Domain Validation Bypass via RFC 5322 Comment
Summary
Nodemailer versions >= 6.9.16 and < 9.1.0 mis-parse RFC 5322 comments in email addresses: in lib/addressparser, a comment closed immediately before a non-break character causes the tokenizer to concatenate the atoms surrounding the comment instead of treating the comment as folding whitespace that terminates the domain. A recipient address such as user@good-corp.com(x)evil.com is therefore read by Nodemailer as the single domain good-corp.comevil.com (registrable domain comevil.com, which an attacker can register) and used for both the SMTP envelope (RCPT TO) and the emitted To:/From: headers, while a conformant RFC 5322 parser terminates the domain at the comment and reads good-corp.com. An application that validates the recipient domain with a strict RFC 5322 parser (without inspecting parse defects) or a naive prefix/substring allow-list and then hands the raw address to Nodemailer can be induced to deliver mail to a domain the attacker controls. Fixed in 9.1.0.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-17 19:17 UTC
CWE
- CWE-436 - Interpretation Conflict
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/nodemailer/nodemailer/security… | vendor-advisory |
| https://github.com/nodemailer/nodemailer/commit/902b63e | patch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/nodemailer-b… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nodemailer | nodemailer |
Affected:
6.9.16 , < 9.1.0
(semver)
Unaffected: 9.1.0 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:nodemailer:nodemailer:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Date Public
2026-09-01 00:00
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CVE-2026-91835 (GCVE-0-2026-91835)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-15 14:15 – Updated: 2026-09-15 14:49 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
OpenClaw ClawScan File Classifier static_scanner.go IsBinaryFile interpretation conflict
Summary
A vulnerability was detected in OpenClaw ClawScan up to 0.1.6. The impacted element is the function IsBinaryFile of the file internal/runner/static_scanner.go of the component File Classifier. The manipulation results in interpretation conflict. Attacking locally is a requirement. The exploit is now public and may be used. Upgrading to version 0.1.7 is sufficient to resolve this issue. The patch is identified as 04401337b3adb9343bd338b21e5e258bf49ca9c8. You should upgrade the affected component.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-15 14:49 UTC
CWE
- CWE-436 - Interpretation Conflict
Assigner
References
9 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/404071 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/404071/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-91835 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/933532 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/openclaw/clawscan/issues/42 | exploitissue-tracking |
| https://github.com/openclaw/clawscan/pull/43 | issue-trackingpatch |
| https://github.com/openclaw/clawscan/commit/04401… | patch |
| https://github.com/openclaw/clawscan/releases/tag… | patch |
| https://github.com/openclaw/clawscan/ | product |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-88004 (GCVE-0-2026-88004)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-10 14:33 – Updated: 2026-09-10 15:10
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Traefik entrypoint header-name sanitization bypassed via request trailers
Summary
Traefik is an open source HTTP reverse proxy and load balancer. From 3.2.0 until 3.7.13, Traefik entrypoint defenses aliasHeadersStrategy, underscoreHeadersStrategy, and forwardedHeaders inspect req.Header but not req.Trailer, allowing an unauthenticated client to submit an aliasing or trusted header name in an HTTP/1.1 chunked trailer or an HTTP/2 trailer. When the retry or buffering middleware reads the body before the reverse proxy clones the request, the attacker-controlled trailer value reaches a backend that merges trailers into the header namespace, bypassing the documented delete or reject behavior and potentially spoofing identity or forwarded routing data. This issue is fixed in 3.7.13.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-10 15:10 UTC
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/traefik/traefik/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/traefik/traefik/pull/13822 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/traefik/traefik/commit/55bbda4… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/traefik/traefik/releases/tag/v3.7.13 | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-86818 (GCVE-0-2026-86818)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-15 10:40 – Updated: 2026-09-15 12:31
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
fast-uri vulnerable to mailto header injection via percent-encoded field-name desynchronization
Summary
fast-uri is a dependency-free RFC 3986 URI parser for Node.js, used by Fastify and ajv, that added a mailto scheme parser in version 4.1.3. In versions 4.1.3 and 4.1.4, the mailto parser compares each query field name to the reserved names to, subject, and body while the name is still percent-encoded, and decodes it only when storing it as a generic header, so a percent-encoded spelling of a reserved field name is not recognized as that field at parse time but is re-emitted as the literal field name when the parsed URI is serialized. An application that validates, logs, or displays the recipient list from the first parse and then serializes the URI and sends it can silently gain an attacker-chosen recipient, and the subject and body fields can be smuggled across the same roundtrip. The issue is fixed in fast-uri 4.1.5, and users should upgrade to 4.1.5 or later. As a workaround, do not act on a mailto URI that fast-uri has re-serialized without first decoding and re-validating its recipient, subject, and body fields.
Severity
4.8 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-15 12:31 UTC
Assigner
References
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-85184 (GCVE-0-2026-85184)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-04 09:15 – Updated: 2026-09-04 19:36
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
@fastify/middie vulnerable to path-scoped middleware bypass via absolute-form request target
Summary
@fastify/middie versions >= 9.1.0 and before 9.3.4 decide whether to run path-scoped middleware by matching against the raw request target, while the Fastify router resolves an absolute-form request target to its path before dispatching. Because the two layers evaluate different strings, a request using an absolute-form target reaches the route handler while the path-scoped middleware, such as authentication or authorization, is skipped. An unauthenticated network attacker can use this to bypass path-based access controls in a Fastify application that relies on middie for those controls. Users should upgrade to @fastify/middie 9.3.4 or later.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-04 19:36 UTC
CWE
- CWE-436 - Interpretation Conflict
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| @fastify/middie | @fastify/middie |
Affected:
9.1.0 , < 9.3.4
(semver)
Unaffected: 9.3.4 (semver) |
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CVE-2026-84394 (GCVE-0-2026-84394)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-02 20:25 – Updated: 2026-09-03 13:14
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
fast-uri vulnerable to host confusion via an unclosed bracket in the URI authority
Summary
fast-uri accepts a host that contains an unbalanced or misplaced authority bracket without reporting an error. A host that starts with an opening bracket but does not end with a closing bracket is neither validated as an IP literal nor canonicalized as a domain name, so parse() returns it as the host with error undefined, while Node's URL and the HTTP clients built on it resolve the same string to a different host. An application that reads the parsed host to make a host decision, such as an SSRF denylist, a redirect allowlist, or proxy routing, and then passes the original URL to an HTTP client evaluates its policy against a string that is not the host the request reaches. The same host is carried through normalize, equal, and resolve. This affects fast-uri versions 2.4.5, 3.1.6, and 4.1.3, and is fixed in 2.4.6, 3.1.7, and 4.1.4, where parse() reports a malformed host for any host that contains a bracket but is not a valid IPv6 literal.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-03 13:14 UTC
CWE
- CWE-436 - Interpretation Conflict
Assigner
References
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-82537 (GCVE-0-2026-82537)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-08 18:17 – Updated: 2026-10-01 15:21 X_Open Source Unsupported When Assigned
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Roo-Code 3.54.0 Auto-Approve Bypass via Shell Parser Word-Boundary Mismatch
Summary
Roo-Code through 3.54.0 contains an auto-approve bypass vulnerability that allows attackers to execute denied shell commands by exploiting a word-boundary mismatch in comment handling between the approval gate's shell parser and bash. Attackers can craft a command string with an allowlisted word immediately followed by a hash character, separator, and denied command to pass the approval gate while bash executes the denied command with the agent's auto-execute privileges on the developer's machine.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-11 20:55 UTC
CWE
- CWE-436 - Interpretation Conflict
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/7rah/oss-cve/blob/main/roocode… | technical-descriptionexploit |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/roo-code-aut… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| RooCodeInc | Roo-Code |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 3.54.0
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:roocode:roo_code:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Date Public
2026-09-03 00:00
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CVE-2026-81378 (GCVE-0-2026-81378)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-08 17:13 – Updated: 2026-10-01 22:56
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Visual Studio Code Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability
Summary
Interpretation conflict in Visual Studio Code allows an unauthorized attacker to bypass a security feature over a network.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-09 18:00 UTC
CWE
- CWE-436 - Interpretation Conflict
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Visual Studio Code |
Affected:
1.0.0 , < 1.136.2
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:visual_studio_code:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Date Public
2026-09-08 14:00
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No mitigation information available for this CWE.
CAPEC-105: HTTP Request Splitting
An adversary abuses the flexibility and discrepancies in the parsing and interpretation of HTTP Request messages by different intermediary HTTP agents (e.g., load balancer, reverse proxy, web caching proxies, application firewalls, etc.) to split a single HTTP request into multiple unauthorized and malicious HTTP requests to a back-end HTTP agent (e.g., web server).
See CanPrecede relationships for possible consequences.
CAPEC-273: HTTP Response Smuggling
An adversary manipulates and injects malicious content in the form of secret unauthorized HTTP responses, into a single HTTP response from a vulnerable or compromised back-end HTTP agent (e.g., server).
See CanPrecede relationships for possible consequences.
CAPEC-34: HTTP Response Splitting
An adversary manipulates and injects malicious content, in the form of secret unauthorized HTTP responses, into a single HTTP response from a vulnerable or compromised back-end HTTP agent (e.g., web server) or into an already spoofed HTTP response from an adversary controlled domain/site.
See CanPrecede relationships for possible consequences.