Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-409

Allowed

Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)

Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete

The product does not handle or incorrectly handles a compressed input with a very high compression ratio that produces a large output.

255 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-84382 (GCVE-0-2026-84382)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-02 18:03 – Updated: 2026-09-03 14:31
VLAI
Title
HTTPX2: Streaming response decompression does not bound peak memory (decompression amplification)
Summary
HTTPX2 is a next generation HTTP client for Python. Prior to 2.12.0, the HTTPX2 content decoders in src/httpx2/httpx2/_decoders.py fully inflate each gzip, deflate, br, or zstd network chunk before iter_bytes() or aiter_bytes() yields bounded pieces to the application. A 64 KiB compressed chunk can expand to approximately 64 MiB in one intermediate allocation, so an attacker-controlled or compromised server can cause severe memory pressure or out-of-memory process termination even when the application streams the response. This issue is fixed in version 2.12.0.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-03 14:09 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-409 - Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
pydantic httpx2 Affected: < 2.12.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-83599 (GCVE-0-2026-83599)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-22 16:54 – Updated: 2026-09-22 17:43
VLAI
Title
Netdata: WebSocket Decompression Bomb
Summary
Netdata is an open source observability tool. Prior to 2.11.0, Netdata's unauthenticated WebSocket server negotiates permessage-deflate before authentication, and src/web/websocket/websocket-compression.c allows websocket_client_decompress_message() to grow decompressed output toward WS_MAX_DECOMPRESSED_SIZE without enforcing a compressed-to-decompressed ratio. Small highly compressed frames can therefore cause large server-side allocations, and repeated concurrent connections can exhaust memory and terminate monitoring. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.11.0.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-22 17:36 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-409 - Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
netdata netdata Affected: < 2.11.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-82864 (GCVE-0-2026-82864)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-31 08:46 – Updated: 2026-08-31 18:51
VLAI
Title
pdfme pdf-lib before 5.5.10 Denial of Service via Decompression Bomb
Summary
pdfme pdf-lib versions before 5.5.10 contain an unbounded buffer growth vulnerability in the DecodeStream.ensureBuffer() method that allows attackers to cause denial of service by supplying a crafted PDF with a FlateDecode stream containing a decompression bomb. Attackers can upload a small compressed PDF that decompresses to hundreds of megabytes, exhausting memory and crashing the Node.js process or freezing browser tabs during PDF parsing.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-31 16:23 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-409 - Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
pdfme pdf-lib Affected: 0 , < 5.5.10 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.5.10 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:pdflib:pdflib:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-03-20 00:00
Credits
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-82520 (GCVE-0-2026-82520)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-03 20:39 – Updated: 2026-09-04 18:36 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
parsedmarc < 11.0.1 Zip Bomb DoS via Compressed Email Attachments
Summary
parsedmarc before 11.0.1 decompresses gzip and ZIP attachments in a single unbounded read with no limit on decompressed output size. Because parsedmarc automatically processes incoming DMARC report emails without user interaction, an unauthenticated remote attacker can send a crafted email with a highly compressed attachment to the monitored mailbox, causing the parsedmarc process to allocate memory proportional to the uncompressed size and exhaust available RAM.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-04 18:35 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-409 - Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
domainaware parsedmarc Affected: 0 , < 11.0.1 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-09-03 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-81875 (GCVE-0-2026-81875)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-16 18:44 – Updated: 2026-09-17 16:14
VLAI
Title
HAPI FHIR: SHCParser unbounded DEFLATE decompression causes denial of service
Summary
HAPI FHIR is a complete implementation of the HL7 FHIR standard for healthcare interoperability in Java. Prior to version 6.9.12, SHCParser in org.hl7.fhir.r5/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/r5/elementmodel/SHCParser.java can consume attacker-controlled Smart Health Card JWT content whose header contains zip: "DEF" and whose small raw-DEFLATE payload expands to a very large value. SHCParser.decodeJWT() passes the decoded payload to SHCParser.inflate(), which accumulates all decompressed bytes in a ByteArrayOutputStream without an output-size limit before JSON parsing, and SHCParser.decompress() contains the same unbounded pattern. An application or validator service that accepts attacker-supplied SHC content can therefore suffer excessive heap allocation, severe garbage-collection pressure, request failure, process instability, or process termination. This issue is fixed in version 6.9.12.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-17 16:14 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-20 - Improper Input Validation
  • CWE-400 - Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
  • CWE-409 - Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
hapifhir org.hl7.fhir.core Affected: < 6.9.12
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-80189 (GCVE-0-2026-80189)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-25 23:18 – Updated: 2026-08-29 11:48
VLAI
Title
LeafWiki 0.10.0 through 0.12.0 Uncontrolled Resource Consumption via Unbounded ZIP Extraction
Summary
LeafWiki extracts an uploaded ZIP archive without limiting how much data it will write. ZipExtractor.ExtractToDir in internal/importer/zip_extractor.go opens each entry and copies it to the destination with io.Copy, which runs to the end of the decompressed stream, so only the size of the uploaded archive is bounded and the size it expands to is not. The import route that reaches this code requires the Editor or Admin role, and the upload itself is capped at 500 MiB compressed. Because a ZIP entry can compress at a very high ratio, an archive well inside that cap can expand to hundreds of gigabytes as it is written out. The extraction directory defaults to a location under the operating system temporary directory, so the written data consumes the disk backing that path, which on a tmpfs-backed temporary directory is memory. A user holding the Editor role can therefore exhaust the storage the service depends on and keep it from serving, using far more resource than the upload limit alone would permit.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-26 15:55 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-409 - Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
perber leafwiki Affected: 0.10.0 , < 0.12.1 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-08-24 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-79695 (GCVE-0-2026-79695)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-09 11:31 – Updated: 2026-09-14 13:09
VLAI
Summary
Dell SCG 5.0 Appliance versions prior to 5.36.00.16 and Dell SCG 5.0 Application versions prior to 5.36.00.00, contains an Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification) vulnerability. An unauthenticated attacker with remote access could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to denial of service.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-14 13:09 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-409 - Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Dell Secure Connect Gateway 5.0 - Application Affected: 0 , < 5.36.00.00 or later (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Dell Secure Connect Gateway 5.0 - Appliance Affected: 0 , < 5.36.00.16 or later (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-08-31 06:30
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-78594 (GCVE-0-2026-78594)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-02 14:43 – Updated: 2026-09-02 15:58
VLAI
Title
Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data in APM Server Leading to Persistent Denial of Service
Summary
Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (CWE-409) in APM Server can lead to a persistent denial of service via Excessive Allocation (CAPEC-130). An authenticated user with write access to source map content could store specially crafted, highly compressed content that exhausts the memory available to APM Server when it is later processed, terminating the process. The condition recurs on every restart until the stored content is removed.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-02 15:44 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-409 - Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Elastic Apm Server Affected: 8.0.0 , ≤ 8.19.19 (semver)
Affected: 9.0.0 , ≤ 9.4.4 (semver)
Affected: 9.5.0 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-78206 (GCVE-0-2026-78206)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-24 00:30 – Updated: 2026-08-29 11:47
VLAI
Title
exceljs through 4.4.0 Uncontrolled Resource Consumption via Unbounded xlsx Decompression
Summary
exceljs through 4.4.0 decompresses all entries from supplied xlsx archives into memory without limits on entry size, total size, or compression ratio. Attackers can upload highly compressed workbooks that expand to gigabytes in memory, exhausting available resources and causing denial of service.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-26 18:09 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-409 - Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
exceljs exceljs Affected: 0 , ≤ 4.4.0 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:exceljs_project:exceljs:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-08-23 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-77620 (GCVE-0-2026-77620)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-22 15:18 – Updated: 2026-09-22 15:41
VLAI
Title
Vector: Unauthenticated denial of service in the `logstash` source via nested compressed frames (stack exhaustion and decompression amplification).
Summary
Vector is a high-performance observability data pipeline. From 0.15.0 until 0.57.0, the logstash source feeds each decompressed frame back into its decoder without limiting nested compression depth. An unauthenticated remote peer that can reach the default 0.0.0.0:5044 listener can send many nested compressed frames, causing recursive decoding that exhausts the worker thread stack and aborts the process. The same nested construction amplifies decompressed input, and process termination can halt log ingestion for every tenant on a shared pipeline. This issue is fixed in version 0.57.0.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-22 15:40 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-409 - Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
vectordotdev vector Affected: >= 0.15.0, < 0.57.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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No mitigation information available for this CWE.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.