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EUVD-2026-347106

European Vulnerability Database identifier assigned by ENISA

Reserved

2026-10-02 08:12

Assigner

ENISA

Alias of

a CVE record, shown under related vulnerabilities. This identifier carries no description, severity or references of its own: they belong to that CVE.

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{
  "assigner": "ENISA",
  "date_reserved": "2026-10-02T08:12:17.013176+00:00",
  "id": "EUVD-2026-347106"
}

CVE-2025-38577 (GCVE-0-2025-38577)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-19 17:03 – Updated: 2026-08-05 12:03

Title

f2fs: fix to avoid panic in f2fs_evict_inode

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: f2fs: fix to avoid panic in f2fs_evict_inode As syzbot [1] reported as below: R10: 0000000000000100 R11: 0000000000000206 R12: 00007ffe17473450 R13: 00007f28b1c10854 R14: 000000000000dae5 R15: 00007ffe17474520 </TASK> ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- ================================================================== BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in __list_del_entry_valid+0xa6/0x130 lib/list_debug.c:62 Read of size 8 at addr ffff88812d962278 by task syz-executor/564 CPU: 1 PID: 564 Comm: syz-executor Tainted: G W 6.1.129-syzkaller #0 Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 02/12/2025 Call Trace: <TASK> __dump_stack+0x21/0x24 lib/dump_stack.c:88 dump_stack_lvl+0xee/0x158 lib/dump_stack.c:106 print_address_description+0x71/0x210 mm/kasan/report.c:316 print_report+0x4a/0x60 mm/kasan/report.c:427 kasan_report+0x122/0x150 mm/kasan/report.c:531 __asan_report_load8_noabort+0x14/0x20 mm/kasan/report_generic.c:351 __list_del_entry_valid+0xa6/0x130 lib/list_debug.c:62 __list_del_entry include/linux/list.h:134 [inline] list_del_init include/linux/list.h:206 [inline] f2fs_inode_synced+0xf7/0x2e0 fs/f2fs/super.c:1531 f2fs_update_inode+0x74/0x1c40 fs/f2fs/inode.c:585 f2fs_update_inode_page+0x137/0x170 fs/f2fs/inode.c:703 f2fs_write_inode+0x4ec/0x770 fs/f2fs/inode.c:731 write_inode fs/fs-writeback.c:1460 [inline] __writeback_single_inode+0x4a0/0xab0 fs/fs-writeback.c:1677 writeback_single_inode+0x221/0x8b0 fs/fs-writeback.c:1733 sync_inode_metadata+0xb6/0x110 fs/fs-writeback.c:2789 f2fs_sync_inode_meta+0x16d/0x2a0 fs/f2fs/checkpoint.c:1159 block_operations fs/f2fs/checkpoint.c:1269 [inline] f2fs_write_checkpoint+0xca3/0x2100 fs/f2fs/checkpoint.c:1658 kill_f2fs_super+0x231/0x390 fs/f2fs/super.c:4668 deactivate_locked_super+0x98/0x100 fs/super.c:332 deactivate_super+0xaf/0xe0 fs/super.c:363 cleanup_mnt+0x45f/0x4e0 fs/namespace.c:1186 __cleanup_mnt+0x19/0x20 fs/namespace.c:1193 task_work_run+0x1c6/0x230 kernel/task_work.c:203 exit_task_work include/linux/task_work.h:39 [inline] do_exit+0x9fb/0x2410 kernel/exit.c:871 do_group_exit+0x210/0x2d0 kernel/exit.c:1021 __do_sys_exit_group kernel/exit.c:1032 [inline] __se_sys_exit_group kernel/exit.c:1030 [inline] __x64_sys_exit_group+0x3f/0x40 kernel/exit.c:1030 x64_sys_call+0x7b4/0x9a0 arch/x86/include/generated/asm/syscalls_64.h:232 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:51 [inline] do_syscall_64+0x4c/0xa0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:81 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x68/0xd2 RIP: 0033:0x7f28b1b8e169 Code: Unable to access opcode bytes at 0x7f28b1b8e13f. RSP: 002b:00007ffe174710a8 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 00000000000000e7 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f28b1c10879 RCX: 00007f28b1b8e169 RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: 0000000000000001 RBP: 0000000000000002 R08: 00007ffe1746ee47 R09: 00007ffe17472360 R10: 0000000000000009 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 00007ffe17472360 R13: 00007f28b1c10854 R14: 000000000000dae5 R15: 00007ffe17474520 </TASK> Allocated by task 569: kasan_save_stack mm/kasan/common.c:45 [inline] kasan_set_track+0x4b/0x70 mm/kasan/common.c:52 kasan_save_alloc_info+0x25/0x30 mm/kasan/generic.c:505 __kasan_slab_alloc+0x72/0x80 mm/kasan/common.c:328 kasan_slab_alloc include/linux/kasan.h:201 [inline] slab_post_alloc_hook+0x4f/0x2c0 mm/slab.h:737 slab_alloc_node mm/slub.c:3398 [inline] slab_alloc mm/slub.c:3406 [inline] __kmem_cache_alloc_lru mm/slub.c:3413 [inline] kmem_cache_alloc_lru+0x104/0x220 mm/slub.c:3429 alloc_inode_sb include/linux/fs.h:3245 [inline] f2fs_alloc_inode+0x2d/0x340 fs/f2fs/super.c:1419 alloc_inode fs/inode.c:261 [inline] iget_locked+0x186/0x880 fs/inode.c:1373 f2fs_iget+0x55/0x4c60 fs/f2fs/inode.c:483 f2fs_lookup+0x366/0xab0 fs/f2fs/namei.c:487 __lookup_slow+0x2a3/0x3d0 fs/namei.c:1690 lookup_slow+0x57/0x70 fs/namei.c:1707 walk_component+0x2e6/0x410 fs/namei ---truncated---

Severity

7.8 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Assigner

Linux mitre root Scorecard

References

11 references

URL	Tags
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/15df59809c54fbd68…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9535e440fe5bc6c5a…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5cd99d5aa3d39086b…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4732ca17c17f50624…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/880ef748e78a1eb7d…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/97df495d754116c8c…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9bbfe83924946552c…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/42f9ea16aea8b49fe…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a509a55f8eecc8970…
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025…
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025…

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version
Linux	Linux	Affected: 0f18b462b2e5aff64b8638e8a47284b907351ef3 , < 15df59809c54fbd687cdf27efbd2103a937459be (git) Affected: 0f18b462b2e5aff64b8638e8a47284b907351ef3 , < 9535e440fe5bc6c5ac7cfb407e53bf788b8bf8d4 (git) Affected: 0f18b462b2e5aff64b8638e8a47284b907351ef3 , < 5cd99d5aa3d39086bdb53eb5c52df16e98b101a0 (git) Affected: 0f18b462b2e5aff64b8638e8a47284b907351ef3 , < 4732ca17c17f5062426cfa982f43593e6b81963b (git) Affected: 0f18b462b2e5aff64b8638e8a47284b907351ef3 , < 880ef748e78a1eb7df2d8e11a9ef21e98bcaabe5 (git) Affected: 0f18b462b2e5aff64b8638e8a47284b907351ef3 , < 97df495d754116c8c28ac6a4112f831727bde887 (git) Affected: 0f18b462b2e5aff64b8638e8a47284b907351ef3 , < 9bbfe83924946552c4c513099c0e8c83af76311a (git) Affected: 0f18b462b2e5aff64b8638e8a47284b907351ef3 , < 42f9ea16aea8b49febaa87950a006a1792209f38 (git) Affected: 0f18b462b2e5aff64b8638e8a47284b907351ef3 , < a509a55f8eecc8970b3980c6f06886bbff0e2f68 (git)
Linux	Linux	Affected: 4.8 Unaffected: 0 , < 4.8 (semver) Unaffected: 5.4.297 , ≤ 5.4.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.10.241 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.15.190 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.1.148 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.6.102 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.42 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.15.10 , ≤ 6.15.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.16.1 , ≤ 6.16.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.17 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)

Show details on NVD website

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{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T17:40:05.572Z",
          "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
          "shortName": "CVE"
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        "references": [
          {
            "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00008.html"
          },
          {
            "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00007.html"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CVE Program Container"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
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          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
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          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
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          "vendor": "Linux",
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              "version": "4.8"
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              "version": "0",
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              "status": "unaffected",
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              "versionType": "semver"
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              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.15.190",
              "versionType": "semver"
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              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.1.148",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.6.102",
              "versionType": "semver"
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              "versionType": "semver"
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              "version": "6.16.1",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.17",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
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        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
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          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
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                  "versionEndExcluding": "5.4.297",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.8",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "5.10.241",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.8",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.190",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.8",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.148",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.8",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.102",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.8",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
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                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.42",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.8",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
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                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.15.10",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.8",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
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                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.16.1",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.8",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
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                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.17",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.8",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nf2fs: fix to avoid panic in f2fs_evict_inode\n\nAs syzbot [1] reported as below:\n\nR10: 0000000000000100 R11: 0000000000000206 R12: 00007ffe17473450\nR13: 00007f28b1c10854 R14: 000000000000dae5 R15: 00007ffe17474520\n \u003c/TASK\u003e\n---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---\n==================================================================\nBUG: KASAN: use-after-free in __list_del_entry_valid+0xa6/0x130 lib/list_debug.c:62\nRead of size 8 at addr ffff88812d962278 by task syz-executor/564\n\nCPU: 1 PID: 564 Comm: syz-executor Tainted: G        W          6.1.129-syzkaller #0\nHardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 02/12/2025\nCall Trace:\n \u003cTASK\u003e\n __dump_stack+0x21/0x24 lib/dump_stack.c:88\n dump_stack_lvl+0xee/0x158 lib/dump_stack.c:106\n print_address_description+0x71/0x210 mm/kasan/report.c:316\n print_report+0x4a/0x60 mm/kasan/report.c:427\n kasan_report+0x122/0x150 mm/kasan/report.c:531\n __asan_report_load8_noabort+0x14/0x20 mm/kasan/report_generic.c:351\n __list_del_entry_valid+0xa6/0x130 lib/list_debug.c:62\n __list_del_entry include/linux/list.h:134 [inline]\n list_del_init include/linux/list.h:206 [inline]\n f2fs_inode_synced+0xf7/0x2e0 fs/f2fs/super.c:1531\n f2fs_update_inode+0x74/0x1c40 fs/f2fs/inode.c:585\n f2fs_update_inode_page+0x137/0x170 fs/f2fs/inode.c:703\n f2fs_write_inode+0x4ec/0x770 fs/f2fs/inode.c:731\n write_inode fs/fs-writeback.c:1460 [inline]\n __writeback_single_inode+0x4a0/0xab0 fs/fs-writeback.c:1677\n writeback_single_inode+0x221/0x8b0 fs/fs-writeback.c:1733\n sync_inode_metadata+0xb6/0x110 fs/fs-writeback.c:2789\n f2fs_sync_inode_meta+0x16d/0x2a0 fs/f2fs/checkpoint.c:1159\n block_operations fs/f2fs/checkpoint.c:1269 [inline]\n f2fs_write_checkpoint+0xca3/0x2100 fs/f2fs/checkpoint.c:1658\n kill_f2fs_super+0x231/0x390 fs/f2fs/super.c:4668\n deactivate_locked_super+0x98/0x100 fs/super.c:332\n deactivate_super+0xaf/0xe0 fs/super.c:363\n cleanup_mnt+0x45f/0x4e0 fs/namespace.c:1186\n __cleanup_mnt+0x19/0x20 fs/namespace.c:1193\n task_work_run+0x1c6/0x230 kernel/task_work.c:203\n exit_task_work include/linux/task_work.h:39 [inline]\n do_exit+0x9fb/0x2410 kernel/exit.c:871\n do_group_exit+0x210/0x2d0 kernel/exit.c:1021\n __do_sys_exit_group kernel/exit.c:1032 [inline]\n __se_sys_exit_group kernel/exit.c:1030 [inline]\n __x64_sys_exit_group+0x3f/0x40 kernel/exit.c:1030\n x64_sys_call+0x7b4/0x9a0 arch/x86/include/generated/asm/syscalls_64.h:232\n do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:51 [inline]\n do_syscall_64+0x4c/0xa0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:81\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x68/0xd2\nRIP: 0033:0x7f28b1b8e169\nCode: Unable to access opcode bytes at 0x7f28b1b8e13f.\nRSP: 002b:00007ffe174710a8 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 00000000000000e7\nRAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f28b1c10879 RCX: 00007f28b1b8e169\nRDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: 0000000000000001\nRBP: 0000000000000002 R08: 00007ffe1746ee47 R09: 00007ffe17472360\nR10: 0000000000000009 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 00007ffe17472360\nR13: 00007f28b1c10854 R14: 000000000000dae5 R15: 00007ffe17474520\n \u003c/TASK\u003e\n\nAllocated by task 569:\n kasan_save_stack mm/kasan/common.c:45 [inline]\n kasan_set_track+0x4b/0x70 mm/kasan/common.c:52\n kasan_save_alloc_info+0x25/0x30 mm/kasan/generic.c:505\n __kasan_slab_alloc+0x72/0x80 mm/kasan/common.c:328\n kasan_slab_alloc include/linux/kasan.h:201 [inline]\n slab_post_alloc_hook+0x4f/0x2c0 mm/slab.h:737\n slab_alloc_node mm/slub.c:3398 [inline]\n slab_alloc mm/slub.c:3406 [inline]\n __kmem_cache_alloc_lru mm/slub.c:3413 [inline]\n kmem_cache_alloc_lru+0x104/0x220 mm/slub.c:3429\n alloc_inode_sb include/linux/fs.h:3245 [inline]\n f2fs_alloc_inode+0x2d/0x340 fs/f2fs/super.c:1419\n alloc_inode fs/inode.c:261 [inline]\n iget_locked+0x186/0x880 fs/inode.c:1373\n f2fs_iget+0x55/0x4c60 fs/f2fs/inode.c:483\n f2fs_lookup+0x366/0xab0 fs/f2fs/namei.c:487\n __lookup_slow+0x2a3/0x3d0 fs/namei.c:1690\n lookup_slow+0x57/0x70 fs/namei.c:1707\n walk_component+0x2e6/0x410 fs/namei\n---truncated---"
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The entire trigger sequence is local filesystem syscalls \u2014 unlink/rename on a mounted f2fs volume to force `f2fs_evict_inode()`, then sync/fsync (or ordinary background writeback) to drive the checkpoint that consumes the stale `gdirty_list` entry. No network protocol or remote peer data is involved.\nAC:L - Once the crafted f2fs image is mounted, the attacker fully controls the on-disk node/dirent inconsistency that makes both `f2fs_truncate()` and `f2fs_update_inode_page()` fail, so the dangling list entry is produced deterministically by their own unlink, and they fire the use side at will via sync(2)-driven checkpoint; syzbot ships a C reproducer and there is no race or memory layout outside attacker control.\nPR:L - No capability check exists anywhere on the path from unlink(2)/sync(2) to `f2fs_evict_inode()` and `f2fs_sync_inode_meta()`; any unprivileged user with access to the f2fs volume (Android /data, vold-mounted adoptable storage or SD card, udisks2-automounted removable media, a loop-mounted image in a privileged container) triggers both the free and the subsequent use.\nUI:N - The malicious f2fs volume is mounted by vold/udisks2 automount infrastructure with no human action, and the attacker then performs every step alone with ordinary file operations; the use-after-free is additionally fired by the kernel\u0027s own writeback/checkpoint kworker without any victim involvement.\nS:U - The freed `f2fs_inode_cache` object and the corrupted `sbi-\u003einode_list[DIRTY_META]` are kernel slab structures in the same security authority as the attacking process; no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - `f2fs_sync_inode_meta()` treats the freed inode as live \u2014 `f2fs_update_inode()` reads i_mode, i_uid/i_gid, i_size, timestamps, xattr nid, extent and compression fields out of the freed object and persists them into on-disk inode metadata that the attacker can read back, and `__list_del_entry_valid()` reads stale list pointers, giving a groomable arbitrary kernel-memory read primitive.\nI:H - `igrab()` increments a refcount inside freed memory, `list_del_init()` in `f2fs_inode_synced()` writes kernel pointers into the freed (reallocatable) slot, `sync_inode_metadata()` performs an indirect call through `inode-\u003ei_sb-\u003es_op-\u003ewrite_inode` read from freed memory, and the trailing `iput()` can double-free \u2014 a classic UAF write and control-flow-hijack primitive, with the f2fs inode slab sprayable at will by creating files.\nA:H - The reported consequence is a KASAN-detected use-after-free with list corruption in `__list_del_entry_valid()` during checkpoint, and with CONFIG_F2FS_CHECK_FS the `f2fs_bug_on(FI_DIRTY_INODE)` is a hard BUG_ON producing an immediate kernel panic (the commit title\u0027s \"avoid panic\"); either way the machine oopses and the condition is repeatedly triggerable."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:03:04.492Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/15df59809c54fbd687cdf27efbd2103a937459be"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9535e440fe5bc6c5ac7cfb407e53bf788b8bf8d4"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5cd99d5aa3d39086bdb53eb5c52df16e98b101a0"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4732ca17c17f5062426cfa982f43593e6b81963b"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/880ef748e78a1eb7df2d8e11a9ef21e98bcaabe5"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/97df495d754116c8c28ac6a4112f831727bde887"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9bbfe83924946552c4c513099c0e8c83af76311a"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/42f9ea16aea8b49febaa87950a006a1792209f38"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a509a55f8eecc8970b3980c6f06886bbff0e2f68"
        }
      ],
      "title": "f2fs: fix to avoid panic in f2fs_evict_inode",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-38577",
    "datePublished": "2025-08-19T17:03:00.534Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T04:51:24.025Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:03:04.492Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Sightings

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The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
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EUVD-2026-347106

CVE-2025-38577 (GCVE-0-2025-38577)

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