CVE-2025-27488 (GCVE-0-2025-27488)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-13 16:58 – Updated: 2026-02-13 19:21
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Microsoft Windows Hardware Lab Kit (HLK) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Summary
Use of hard-coded credentials in Windows Hardware Lab Kit allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-05-13 18:13 UTC
CWE
- CWE-798 - Use of Hard-coded Credentials
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
11 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 HLK version 20H2 |
Affected:
1.0.0 , < 10.1.19041.5609
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 HLK version 21H1 |
Affected:
1.0.0 , < 10.1.19041.5609
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 HLK version 21H2 |
Affected:
1.0.0 , < 10.1.19041.5609
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 HLK Version 22H2 |
Affected:
1.0.0 , < 10.1.19041.5609
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 HLK 22H2 |
Affected:
1.0.0 , < 10.1.22621.5040
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 HLK 24H2 |
Affected:
1.0.0 , < 10.1.26100.3478
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows HLK for Windows 10 version 2004 |
Affected:
1.0.0 , < 10.1.19041.5609
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows HLK for Windows Server 2019 |
Affected:
1.0.0 , < 10.1.17763.7010
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows HLK for Windows Server 2022 |
Affected:
1.0.0 , < 10.1.20348.3330
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows HLK for Windows Server 2025 |
Affected:
1.0.0 , < 10.1.26100.3478
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows HLK, version 1809 |
Affected:
1.0.0 , < 10.1.17763.7010
(custom)
|
Date Public
2025-05-13 07:00
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"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"platforms": [
"Unknown"
],
"product": "Windows 10 HLK version 21H1",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "10.1.19041.5609",
"status": "affected",
"version": "1.0.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"platforms": [
"Unknown"
],
"product": "Windows 11 HLK 22H2",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "10.1.22621.5040",
"status": "affected",
"version": "1.0.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"platforms": [
"Unknown"
],
"product": "Windows HLK for Windows Server 2022",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "10.1.20348.3330",
"status": "affected",
"version": "1.0.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"platforms": [
"Unknown"
],
"product": "Windows 10 HLK version 20H2",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "10.1.19041.5609",
"status": "affected",
"version": "1.0.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"platforms": [
"Unknown"
],
"product": "Windows 10 HLK Version 22H2",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "10.1.19041.5609",
"status": "affected",
"version": "1.0.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"platforms": [
"Unknown"
],
"product": "Windows 10 HLK version 21H2",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "10.1.19041.5609",
"status": "affected",
"version": "1.0.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"platforms": [
"Unknown"
],
"product": "Windows HLK for Windows 10 version 2004",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "10.1.19041.5609",
"status": "affected",
"version": "1.0.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"platforms": [
"Unknown"
],
"product": "Windows HLK for Windows Server 2019",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "10.1.17763.7010",
"status": "affected",
"version": "1.0.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
}
],
"cpeApplicability": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_hlk_2025:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "10.1.26100.3478",
"versionStartIncluding": "1.0.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_hlk_24H2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "10.1.26100.3478",
"versionStartIncluding": "1.0.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_hlk_1809:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "10.1.17763.7010",
"versionStartIncluding": "1.0.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_hlk_21H1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "10.1.19041.5609",
"versionStartIncluding": "1.0.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_hlk_22H2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "10.1.22621.5040",
"versionStartIncluding": "1.0.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_hlk_2022:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "10.1.20348.3330",
"versionStartIncluding": "1.0.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_hlk_20H2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "10.1.19041.5609",
"versionStartIncluding": "1.0.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_hlk_22H2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "10.1.19041.5609",
"versionStartIncluding": "1.0.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_hlk_21H2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "10.1.19041.5609",
"versionStartIncluding": "1.0.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_hlk_2004:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "10.1.19041.5609",
"versionStartIncluding": "1.0.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_hlk_2019:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "10.1.17763.7010",
"versionStartIncluding": "1.0.0",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
]
}
],
"datePublic": "2025-05-13T07:00:00.000Z",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en-US",
"value": "Use of hard-coded credentials in Windows Hardware Lab Kit allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"baseScore": 6.7,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en-US",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-798",
"description": "CWE-798: Use of Hard-coded Credentials",
"lang": "en-US",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-09-10T00:09:29.768Z",
"orgId": "f38d906d-7342-40ea-92c1-6c4a2c6478c8",
"shortName": "microsoft"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "Microsoft Windows Hardware Lab Kit (HLK) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory"
],
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-27488"
}
],
"title": "Microsoft Windows Hardware Lab Kit (HLK) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "f38d906d-7342-40ea-92c1-6c4a2c6478c8",
"assignerShortName": "microsoft",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-27488",
"datePublished": "2025-05-13T16:58:55.126Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-02-26T14:42:05.978Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-09-10T00:09:29.768Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}
}
}
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Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.
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