CVE-2025-38097 (GCVE-0-2025-38097)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-03 08:13 – Updated: 2026-09-14 11:58
VLAI
Title
espintcp: remove encap socket caching to avoid reference leak
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: espintcp: remove encap socket caching to avoid reference leak The current scheme for caching the encap socket can lead to reference leaks when we try to delete the netns. The reference chain is: xfrm_state -> enacp_sk -> netns Since the encap socket is a userspace socket, it holds a reference on the netns. If we delete the espintcp state (through flush or individual delete) before removing the netns, the reference on the socket is dropped and the netns is correctly deleted. Otherwise, the netns may not be reachable anymore (if all processes within the ns have terminated), so we cannot delete the xfrm state to drop its reference on the socket. This patch results in a small (~2% in my tests) performance regression. A GC-type mechanism could be added for the socket cache, to clear references if the state hasn't been used "recently", but it's a lot more complex than just not caching the socket.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Linux Linux Affected: e27cca96cd68fa2c6814c90f9a1cfd36bb68c593 , < e32bafd08ee35feacd47b05cc5bfe9cd9659cd25 (git)
Affected: e27cca96cd68fa2c6814c90f9a1cfd36bb68c593 , < 9673ca00e6c5503069dc98780e2e89db0e663c16 (git)
Affected: e27cca96cd68fa2c6814c90f9a1cfd36bb68c593 , < e4cde54b46a87231c77256a633be1bef62687d69 (git)
Affected: e27cca96cd68fa2c6814c90f9a1cfd36bb68c593 , < b58a295d10065960bcb9d60cb8ca6ead9837cd27 (git)
Affected: e27cca96cd68fa2c6814c90f9a1cfd36bb68c593 , < 9cbca30102028f9ad3d2098f935c4368f581fd07 (git)
Affected: e27cca96cd68fa2c6814c90f9a1cfd36bb68c593 , < 74fd327767fb784c5875cf7c4ba1217f26020943 (git)
Affected: e27cca96cd68fa2c6814c90f9a1cfd36bb68c593 , < 028363685bd0b7a19b4a820f82dd905b1dc83999 (git)
Create a notification for this product.
Linux Linux Affected: 5.6
Unaffected: 0 , < 5.6 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.10.270 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.15.221 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.141 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.93 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.31 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.14.9 , ≤ 6.14.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.15 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
Create a notification for this product.
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          {
            "lang": "en",
            "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nespintcp: remove encap socket caching to avoid reference leak\n\nThe current scheme for caching the encap socket can lead to reference\nleaks when we try to delete the netns.\n\nThe reference chain is: xfrm_state -\u003e enacp_sk -\u003e netns\n\nSince the encap socket is a userspace socket, it holds a reference on\nthe netns. If we delete the espintcp state (through flush or\nindividual delete) before removing the netns, the reference on the\nsocket is dropped and the netns is correctly deleted. Otherwise, the\nnetns may not be reachable anymore (if all processes within the ns\nhave terminated), so we cannot delete the xfrm state to drop its\nreference on the socket.\n\nThis patch results in a small (~2% in my tests) performance\nregression.\n\nA GC-type mechanism could be added for the socket cache, to clear\nreferences if the state hasn\u0027t been used \"recently\", but it\u0027s a lot\nmore complex than just not caching the socket."
          },
          {
            "lang": "es",
            "value": "En el kernel de Linux, se ha resuelto la siguiente vulnerabilidad: espintcp: eliminar el almacenamiento en cach\u00e9 del socket encap para evitar fugas de referencia El esquema actual para almacenar en cach\u00e9 el socket encap puede provocar fugas de referencia cuando intentamos eliminar los netns. La cadena de referencia es: xfrm_state -\u0026gt; enacp_sk -\u0026gt; netns Dado que el socket encap es un socket de espacio de usuario, contiene una referencia en los netns. Si eliminamos el estado de espintcp (a trav\u00e9s de vaciado o eliminaci\u00f3n individual) antes de eliminar los netns, la referencia en el socket se elimina y los netns se eliminan correctamente. De lo contrario, los netns pueden no ser accesibles m\u00e1s (si todos los procesos dentro de los ns han terminado), por lo que no podemos eliminar el estado xfrm para eliminar su referencia en el socket. Este parche da como resultado una peque\u00f1a regresi\u00f3n del rendimiento (~2% en mis pruebas). Se podr\u00eda agregar un mecanismo de tipo GC para el cach\u00e9 del socket, para borrar referencias si el estado no se ha usado \"recientemente\", pero es mucho m\u00e1s complejo que simplemente no almacenar en cach\u00e9 el socket."
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2025-38097",
        "lastModified": "2026-09-14T12:17:36.207",
        "metrics": {
          "cvssMetricV31": [
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackVector": "LOCAL",
                "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                "baseScore": 7.8,
                "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
                "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
                "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
              "exploitabilityScore": 1.8,
              "impactScore": 5.9,
              "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
              "type": "Secondary"
            },
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackVector": "LOCAL",
                "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                "baseScore": 5.5,
                "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
                "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                "integrityImpact": "NONE",
                "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
              "exploitabilityScore": 1.8,
              "impactScore": 3.6,
              "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
              "type": "Primary"
            }
          ]
        },
        "published": "2025-07-03T09:15:23.030",
        "references": [
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "tags": [
              "Patch"
            ],
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/028363685bd0b7a19b4a820f82dd905b1dc83999"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "tags": [
              "Patch"
            ],
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/74fd327767fb784c5875cf7c4ba1217f26020943"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9673ca00e6c5503069dc98780e2e89db0e663c16"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "tags": [
              "Patch"
            ],
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9cbca30102028f9ad3d2098f935c4368f581fd07"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "tags": [
              "Patch"
            ],
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b58a295d10065960bcb9d60cb8ca6ead9837cd27"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e32bafd08ee35feacd47b05cc5bfe9cd9659cd25"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "tags": [
              "Patch"
            ],
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e4cde54b46a87231c77256a633be1bef62687d69"
          },
          {
            "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
            "tags": [
              "Mailing List",
              "Third Party Advisory"
            ],
            "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00008.html"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "vulnStatus": "Modified",
        "weaknesses": [
          {
            "description": [
              {
                "lang": "en",
                "value": "NVD-CWE-Other"
              }
            ],
            "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
            "type": "Primary"
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Low",
      "current_release_date": "2026-07-30T10:11:57+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-38097",
      "id": "CVE-2025-38097",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-07-03T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:fixed": "612",
      "product_status:known_affected": "70",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "42",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: espintcp: remove encap socket caching to avoid reference leak",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-38097.json",
      "version": "3"
    }
  }
}



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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

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Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.



Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.