CVE-2023-46604 (GCVE-0-2023-46604)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-10-27 14:59 – Updated: 2025-11-03 21:50Title
Apache ActiveMQ, Apache ActiveMQ Legacy OpenWire Module: Unbounded deserialization causes ActiveMQ to be vulnerable to a remote code execution (RCE) attack
Summary
The Java OpenWire protocol marshaller is vulnerable to Remote Code
Execution. This vulnerability may allow a remote attacker with network
access to either a Java-based OpenWire broker or client to run arbitrary
shell commands by manipulating serialized class types in the OpenWire
protocol to cause either the client or the broker (respectively) to
instantiate any class on the classpath.
Users are recommended to upgrade
both brokers and clients to version 5.15.16, 5.16.7, 5.17.6, or 5.18.3
which fixes this issue.
Severity
10 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: active
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-02-04 15:16 UTC
CWE
- CWE-502 - Deserialization of Untrusted Data
Assigner
References
8 references
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apache Software Foundation | Apache ActiveMQ |
Affected:
5.18.0 , < 5.18.3
(semver)
Affected: 5.17.0 , < 5.17.6 (semver) Affected: 5.16.0 , < 5.16.7 (semver) Affected: 0 , < 5.15.16 (semver) |
|
| Apache Software Foundation | Apache ActiveMQ Legacy OpenWire Module |
Affected:
5.18.0 , < 5.18.3
(semver)
Affected: 5.17.0 , < 5.17.6 (semver) Affected: 5.16.0 , < 5.16.7 (semver) Affected: 5.8.0 , < 5.15.16 (semver) |
CISA
Known Exploited Vulnerability - GCVE BCP-07 Compliant
KEV entry ID: 3666508d-8561-438e-b003-45257be6bb63
Exploited: Yes
Timestamps
First Seen: 2023-11-02
Asserted: 2023-11-02
Scope
Notes: Apache ActiveMQ Deserialization of Untrusted Data Vulnerability | Affected: Apache / ActiveMQ | Description: Apache ActiveMQ contains a deserialization of untrusted data vulnerability that may allow a remote attacker with network access to a broker to run shell commands by manipulating serialized class types in the OpenWire protocol to cause the broker to instantiate any class on the classpath. | Required action: Apply mitigations per vendor instructions or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable. | Due date: 2023-11-23 | Known ransomware campaign use (KEV): Known | Notes (KEV): https://activemq.apache.org/security-advisories.data/CVE-2023-46604-announcement.txt; https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-46604
Evidence
Type: Vendor Report
Signal: Successful Exploitation
Confidence: 80%
Source: cisa-kev
Details
| Cwes | CWE-502 |
|---|---|
| Feed | CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog |
| Product | ActiveMQ |
| Due Date | 2023-11-23 |
| Date Added | 2023-11-02 |
| Vendorproject | Apache |
| Vulnerabilityname | Apache ActiveMQ Deserialization of Untrusted Data Vulnerability |
| Knownransomwarecampaignuse | Known |
References
Created: 2026-10-02 08:09 CEST
| Updated: 2026-10-02 08:09 CEST
ENISA
Known Exploited Vulnerability - GCVE BCP-07 Compliant
KEV entry ID: 7f8450ce-7987-4c4d-af9a-4ef0c5569ac4
Exploited: Yes
Timestamps
First Seen: 2025-01-23
Asserted: 2025-01-23
Scope
Notes: Affected: Apache / ActiveMQ | Description: RCE vulnerability that allows remote attackers with network access to run arbitrary shell commands by manipulating serialized class types in the OpenWire protocol to cause either the client or the broker (respectively) to instantiate any class on the classpath | Patched since: 2023/10/27 | Exploitation type: ransomware | Origin source: CNW
Evidence
Type: Csirt Report
Signal: Confirmed Compromise
Confidence: 75%
Source: enisa-cnw-kev
Details
| Cwes | |
|---|---|
| Euvd | EUVD-2023-2719 |
| Notes | |
| Catalog | ENISA / EU CSIRTs Network (CNW) KEV JSON |
| Product | ActiveMQ |
| Datereported | 2025/01/23 |
| Originsource | CNW |
| Patchedsince | 2023/10/27 |
| Vendorproject | Apache |
| Exploitationtype | ransomware |
| Vulnerabilityname | |
| Threatactorsexploiting |
References
Created: 2026-10-02 08:52 CEST
| Updated: 2026-10-02 08:52 CEST
Previdian
Known Exploited Vulnerability - GCVE BCP-07 Compliant
KEV entry ID: e4a6b3de-f619-4c5e-9512-4f59a42d6ef6
Exploited: Yes
Timestamps
First Seen: 2023-11-02
Asserted: 2023-11-02
Scope
Notes: Apache ActiveMQ, Apache ActiveMQ Legacy OpenWire Module: Unbounded deserialization causes ActiveMQ to be vulnerable to a remote code execution (RCE) attack | Affected: Apache / Apache ActiveMQ, Apache ActiveMQ Legacy OpenWire Module | CVSS: 10.0 (CRITICAL) | EPSS: 0.99891 | Used in malware: yes | Not yet in CISA KEV: False
Evidence
Type: Public Report
Signal: Confirmed Compromise
Confidence: 70%
Source: previdian
Details
| Feed | Previdian (previdian.com) |
|---|---|
| Title | Apache ActiveMQ, Apache ActiveMQ Legacy OpenWire Module: Unbounded deserialization causes ActiveMQ to be vulnerable to a remote code execution (RCE) attack |
| Cve Id | CVE-2023-46604 |
| Vendor | Apache |
| Ghsa Id | GHSA-CRG9-44H2-XW35 |
| Product | Apache ActiveMQ, Apache ActiveMQ Legacy OpenWire Module |
| Added Date | 2023-11-02T00:00:00.000Z |
| Cvss Score | 10.0 |
| Epss Score | 0.99891 |
| Previous Ids | |
| Cvss Severity | CRITICAL |
| Virtual Patch | False |
| Cvss Estimated | False |
| Epss Percentile | 0.99964 |
| Used In Malware | yes |
| Vulnerability Id | CVE-2023-46604 |
| Ahead Of Cisa Kev | None |
| Not Yet In Cisa Kev | False |
References
Created: 2026-10-02 09:11 CEST
| Updated: 2026-10-02 09:11 CEST
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Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.
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