CVE-2023-1389 (GCVE-0-2023-1389)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-03-15 00:00 – Updated: 2025-10-21 23:15Summary
TP-Link Archer AX21 (AX1800) firmware versions before 1.1.4 Build 20230219 contained a command injection vulnerability in the country form of the /cgi-bin/luci;stok=/locale endpoint on the web management interface. Specifically, the country parameter of the write operation was not sanitized before being used in a call to popen(), allowing an unauthenticated attacker to inject commands, which would be run as root, with a simple POST request.
Severity
8.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: active
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2023-11-20 18:33 UTC
CWE
- Command Injection
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
3 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n/a | TP-Link Archer AX21 (AX1800) |
Affected:
All versions prior to version 1.14 Build 20230219
|
CISA
Known Exploited Vulnerability - GCVE BCP-07 Compliant
KEV entry ID: 14df768b-24f8-4f14-9446-472a2481c755
Exploited: Yes
Timestamps
First Seen: 2023-05-01
Asserted: 2023-05-01
Scope
Notes: TP-Link Archer AX-21 Command Injection Vulnerability | Affected: TP-Link / Archer AX21 | Description: TP-Link Archer AX-21 contains a command injection vulnerability that allows for remote code execution. | Required action: Apply updates per vendor instructions. | Due date: 2023-05-22 | Known ransomware campaign use (KEV): Unknown | Notes (KEV): https://www.tp-link.com/us/support/download/archer-ax21/v3/#Firmware; https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-1389
Evidence
Type: Vendor Report
Signal: Successful Exploitation
Confidence: 80%
Source: cisa-kev
Details
| Cwes | CWE-77 |
|---|---|
| Feed | CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog |
| Product | Archer AX21 |
| Due Date | 2023-05-22 |
| Date Added | 2023-05-01 |
| Vendorproject | TP-Link |
| Vulnerabilityname | TP-Link Archer AX-21 Command Injection Vulnerability |
| Knownransomwarecampaignuse | Unknown |
References
Created: 2026-10-02 08:09 CEST
| Updated: 2026-10-02 08:09 CEST
Previdian
Known Exploited Vulnerability - GCVE BCP-07 Compliant
KEV entry ID: e0e4b553-4e16-46e8-8839-96cbfd627023
Exploited: Yes
Timestamps
First Seen: 2023-05-01
Asserted: 2023-05-01
Scope
Notes: TP-Link Archer AX21 (AX1800) firmware versions before 1.1.4 Build 20230219 contained a command injection vulnerability in the country form of the... | Affected: TP-Link / TP-Link Archer AX21 (AX1800) | CVSS: 8.8 (HIGH) | EPSS: 0.99999 | Used in malware: unknown | Not yet in CISA KEV: False
Evidence
Type: Public Report
Signal: Successful Exploitation
Confidence: 70%
Source: previdian
Details
| Feed | Previdian (previdian.com) |
|---|---|
| Title | TP-Link Archer AX21 (AX1800) firmware versions before 1.1.4 Build 20230219 contained a command injection vulnerability in the country form of the... |
| Cve Id | CVE-2023-1389 |
| Vendor | TP-Link |
| Ghsa Id | None |
| Product | TP-Link Archer AX21 (AX1800) |
| Added Date | 2023-05-01T00:00:00.000Z |
| Cvss Score | 8.8 |
| Epss Score | 0.99999 |
| Previous Ids | |
| Cvss Severity | HIGH |
| Virtual Patch | True |
| Cvss Estimated | False |
| Epss Percentile | 0.99992 |
| Used In Malware | unknown |
| Vulnerability Id | CVE-2023-1389 |
| Ahead Of Cisa Kev | None |
| Not Yet In Cisa Kev | False |
References
Created: 2026-10-02 09:11 CEST
| Updated: 2026-10-02 09:11 CEST
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Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.
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