Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-787
Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
16156 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-78011 (GCVE-0-2026-78011)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-27 23:24 – Updated: 2026-09-03 20:49
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Fireware OS Integer Underflow in Iked Allows Unauthenticated Denial of Service (DoS)
Summary
An integer underflow vulnerability in the WatchGuard Fireware OS iked process allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to create a Denial of Service (DoS) condition in VPN processing by sending specially crafted network traffic.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-28 16:51 UTC
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://psirt.watchguard.com/CVE-2026-78011 | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| WatchGuard | Fireware OS |
Affected:
2025.0 , < 2026.2.2
(custom)
Affected: 12.0 , < 12.12.2 (custom) Affected: 2026.3 , < 2026.3.1 (custom) |
|
| WatchGuard | Fireware OS |
Affected:
12.0 , < 12.5.20
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-08-27 23:24
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CVE-2026-78010 (GCVE-0-2026-78010)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-27 23:24 – Updated: 2026-09-03 20:49
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Fireware OS Stack-Based Buffer Overflow in iked Allows Unauthenticated Denial of Service
Summary
A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the WatchGuard Fireware OS iked process iallows a remote unauthenticated attacker to create a Denial of Service (DoS) condition in VPN processing by sending specially crafted network traffic.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-28 16:53 UTC
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://psirt.watchguard.com/CVE-2026-78010 | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| WatchGuard | Fireware OS |
Affected:
2025.0 , < 2026.2.2
(custom)
Affected: 12.0 , < 12.12.2 (custom) Affected: 2026.3 , < 2026.3.1 (custom) |
|
| WatchGuard | Fireware OS |
Affected:
12.0 , < 12.5.20
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-08-27 23:24
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CVE-2026-78008 (GCVE-0-2026-78008)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-27 23:24 – Updated: 2026-09-03 20:49
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Fireware OS Authenticated Buffer Overflow in wgagent
Summary
A buffer overflow vulnerability in the WatchGuard Fireware OS Management Web UI allows an authenticated administrator with network access to cause a denial of service (DoS) condition or potentially execute arbitrary code by sending specially crafted network traffic.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-28 00:00 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://psirt.watchguard.com/CVE-2026-78008 | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| WatchGuard | Fireware OS |
Affected:
2025.0 , < 2026.2.2
(custom)
Affected: 12.0 , < 12.12.2 (custom) Affected: 2026.3 , < 2026.3.1 (custom) |
|
| WatchGuard | Fireware OS |
Affected:
12.0 , < 12.5.20
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-08-27 23:24
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CVE-2026-77642 (GCVE-0-2026-77642)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-20 21:15 – Updated: 2026-08-27 16:07
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
tor before 0.4.9.9 was prone to an out-of-bounds write when parsing a consensus or detached signature with unexpected signature digest type. Impact is minor for most Tor roles, but potentially major for directory authorities. This is TROVE-2026-019.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-27 16:03 UTC
CWE
- CWE-787 - Out-of-bounds Write
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| torproject | Tor |
Affected:
0.2.8.2-alpha , < 0.4.9.9
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:torproject:tor:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-77555 (GCVE-0-2026-77555)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-22 18:38 – Updated: 2026-09-22 19:32
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
A malicious actor with access to the network could exploit an Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability found in certain UniFi gateway devices to execute a Denial of Service (DoS) attack on the device.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-22 19:32 UTC
CWE
- CWE-787 - Out-of-bounds write
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
8 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ubiquiti Inc | Dream Machines |
Affected:
0 , < 5.1.31
(semver)
|
|
| Ubiquiti Inc | Enterprise Firewalls |
Affected:
0 , < 5.1.31
(semver)
|
|
| Ubiquiti Inc | Dream Routers |
Affected:
0 , < 5.1.31
(semver)
|
|
| Ubiquiti Inc | Cloud Gateways |
Affected:
0 , < 5.1.31
(semver)
|
|
| Ubiquiti Inc | Dream Wall |
Affected:
0 , < 5.1.31
(semver)
|
|
| Ubiquiti Inc | Express |
Affected:
0 , < 4.0.21
(semver)
|
|
| Ubiquiti Inc | Express 7 |
Affected:
0 , < 5.1.31
(semver)
|
|
| Ubiquiti Inc | UniFi Gateways |
Affected:
0 , < 5.1.26
(semver)
|
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CVE-2026-77544 (GCVE-0-2026-77544)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-22 18:34 – Updated: 2026-09-22 19:32
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
A malicious actor with access to the network could exploit an Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability found in certain UniFi gateway devices to execute a Denial of Service (DoS) attack on the device.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-22 19:32 UTC
CWE
- CWE-787 - Out-of-bounds write
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
8 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ubiquiti Inc | Dream Machines |
Affected:
0 , < 5.1.31
(semver)
|
|
| Ubiquiti Inc | Enterprise Firewalls |
Affected:
0 , < 5.1.31
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|
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Affected:
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|
|
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Affected:
0 , < 5.1.31
(semver)
|
|
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Affected:
0 , < 5.1.31
(semver)
|
|
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Affected:
0 , < 4.0.21
(semver)
|
|
| Ubiquiti Inc | Express 7 |
Affected:
0 , < 5.1.31
(semver)
|
|
| Ubiquiti Inc | UniFi Gateways |
Affected:
0 , < 5.1.26
(semver)
|
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CVE-2026-77396 (GCVE-0-2026-77396)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-18 17:07 – Updated: 2026-09-21 20:49
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
PJSIP: Heap buffer overflow in the AVI parser
Summary
PJSIP is a free and open source multimedia communication library written in C. In 2.17 and earlier, the PJSIP AVI parser in pjmedia/src/pjmedia/avi_player.c uses an input-file video chunk length as the number of bytes copied into a frame buffer whose capacity is derived from the declared media dimensions. A crafted AVI file can therefore cause an attacker-controlled out-of-bounds write past the heap allocation when an application plays the file or pulls its frames. The existing size assertion does not protect production release builds, where assertions are disabled. Typical local playback can crash the process, while applications that accept untrusted AVI sources expose a stronger memory-corruption condition. No fixed version is available as of this review.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-18 19:24 UTC
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/pjsip/pjproject/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/pjsip/pjproject/commit/7ecc658… | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-77236 (GCVE-0-2026-77236)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-21 17:47 – Updated: 2026-08-21 20:15
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Missing size validation in SecureContext_AllocateContext in FreeRTOS-Kernel
Summary
Missing minimum size validation in secure context allocation in FreeRTOS-Kernel before 11.3.1 might allow local users to corrupt secure-world heap metadata via an out-of-bounds write with an undersized stack size parameter. To remediate this issue, users should upgrade to version 11.3.1 or later.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-21 19:44 UTC
CWE
- CWE-787 - Out-of-bounds write
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://aws.amazon.com/security/security-bulletin… | vendor-advisory |
| https://github.com/FreeRTOS/FreeRTOS-Kernel/relea… | patch |
| https://github.com/FreeRTOS/FreeRTOS-Kernel/secur… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| FreeRTOS | FreeRTOS-Kernel |
Affected:
10.2.0 , ≤ 11.3.0
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:freertos:freertos-kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-77118 (GCVE-0-2026-77118)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-20 12:42 – Updated: 2026-08-26 19:51
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Out-of-bounds write in GraphicsMagick PCD decoder
Summary
A heap out-of-bounds write exists in the Photo CD (PCD) decoder of GraphicsMagick. In DecodeImage() (coders/pcd.c), the Huffman delta loop advances its output pointer with q++ after every decoded delta and never checks it against the end of the heap-allocated luma/chroma plane buffers. The pointer is repositioned only when a sync marker introduces a new plane/row; between sync markers the run length is bounded solely by the input.
A crafted PCD file that positions the pointer near the end of a plane and then supplies a long run of deltas with no intervening sync therefore walks the pointer past the end of the allocation and writes through it. Processing an untrusted PCD file — for example with gm convert or gm identify, or through any application linked against libGraphicsMagick — can corrupt heap memory beyond the buffers.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-26 19:42 UTC
CWE
- CWE-787 - Out-of-bounds write
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://foss.heptapod.net/graphicsmagick/graphics… | patch |
| https://foss.heptapod.net/graphicsmagick/graphics… | release-notes |
Impacted products
3 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| GraphicsMagick Group | GraphicsMagick |
Affected:
1.0.0 , < 1.3.48
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:graphicsmagick:graphicsmagick:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| Debian | graphicsmagick |
Affected:
0 , < 1.4+really1.3.48-1
(deb)
cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:11:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:12:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:13:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| Fedora Project | GraphicsMagick |
Affected:
0 , < 1.3.48
(rpm)
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Date Public
2026-08-20 09:43
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CVE-2026-76920 (GCVE-0-2026-76920)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-19 22:45 – Updated: 2026-08-20 15:26
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Out-of-bounds Write in Wireshark
Summary
3gpp phone log file parser crash in 4.6.0 to 4.6.7 and 4.4.0 to 4.4.18 allows denial of service
Severity
4.7 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-20 15:07 UTC
CWE
- CWE-787 - Out-of-bounds Write
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Wireshark Foundation | Wireshark |
Affected:
4.6.0 , < 4.6.8
(semver)
Affected: 4.4.0 , < 4.4.18 (semver) |
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"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-787",
"description": "CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-19T22:45:15.519Z",
"orgId": "ceab7361-8a18-47b1-92ba-4d7d25f6715a",
"shortName": "GitLab"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://www.wireshark.org/security/wnpa-sec-2026-81.html"
},
{
"url": "https://gitlab.com/wireshark/wireshark/-/work_items/21454"
}
],
"solutions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Upgrade to version 4.6.8 or above"
}
],
"title": "Out-of-bounds Write in Wireshark"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "ceab7361-8a18-47b1-92ba-4d7d25f6715a",
"assignerShortName": "GitLab",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-76920",
"datePublished": "2026-08-19T22:45:15.519Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-08-19T22:44:25.534Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-20T15:26:29.604Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.