Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-787

Allowed-with-Review

Out-of-bounds Write

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.

16150 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-81981 (GCVE-0-2026-81981)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-08 20:30 – Updated: 2026-09-09 13:31
VLAI
Title
Acrobat Reader | Out-of-bounds Write (CWE-787)
Summary
Acrobat Reader is affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-09 13:30 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-787 - Out-of-bounds Write (CWE-787)
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Adobe Adobe Acrobat Affected: 0 , ≤ 26.002.21900 (custom)
Unaffected: 26.002.21901 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Adobe Acrobat Reader Affected: 0 , ≤ 26.002.21900 (custom)
Unaffected: 26.002.21901 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Adobe Acrobat 2024 Affected: 0 , ≤ 24.001.30383 (custom)
Unaffected: 24.001.30429 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-09-08 17:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-81980 (GCVE-0-2026-81980)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-08 20:31 – Updated: 2026-09-09 09:54
VLAI
Title
Acrobat Reader | Out-of-bounds Write (CWE-787)
Summary
Acrobat Reader is affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-09 04:27 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-787 - Out-of-bounds Write (CWE-787)
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Adobe Adobe Acrobat Affected: 0 , ≤ 26.002.21900 (custom)
Unaffected: 26.002.21901 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Adobe Acrobat Reader Affected: 0 , ≤ 26.002.21900 (custom)
Unaffected: 26.002.21901 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Adobe Acrobat 2024 Affected: 0 , ≤ 24.001.30383 (custom)
Unaffected: 24.001.30429 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-09-08 17:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-81979 (GCVE-0-2026-81979)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-08 20:30 – Updated: 2026-09-09 09:54
VLAI
Title
Acrobat Reader | Out-of-bounds Write (CWE-787)
Summary
Acrobat Reader is affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-09 04:27 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-787 - Out-of-bounds Write (CWE-787)
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Adobe Adobe Acrobat Affected: 0 , ≤ 26.002.21900 (custom)
Unaffected: 26.002.21901 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Adobe Acrobat Reader Affected: 0 , ≤ 26.002.21900 (custom)
Unaffected: 26.002.21901 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Adobe Acrobat 2024 Affected: 0 , ≤ 24.001.30383 (custom)
Unaffected: 24.001.30429 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-09-08 17:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-81893 (GCVE-0-2026-81893)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-27 18:34 – Updated: 2026-08-28 14:29
VLAI
Title
Gdk-pixbuf: gdk-pixbuf: invalid write in jpeg icc profile parser on error recovery
Summary
A flaw was found in gdk-pixbuf. When loading a specially crafted JPEG image containing chunked ICC profile markers, an error during ICC profile parsing can leave stale size metadata after the profile buffer is freed. A subsequent allocation in the same decode can cause an out-of-bounds write, potentially crashing the application. To exploit this flaw, an application using gdk-pixbuf must process the malicious JPEG image. Affected version >= 2.26.4
Severity
4.7 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-28 14:28 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-08-27 00:00
Credits
Red Hat would like to thank Emmanuele Bassi for reporting this issue.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-81878 (GCVE-0-2026-81878)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-22 15:07 – Updated: 2026-09-22 17:55
VLAI
Title
radare2: Integer overflow causes heap out-of-bounds write in radare2 PYC parser
Summary
radare2 is a UNIX-like reverse engineering framework and command-line toolset. Prior to 6.2.0, radare2's CPython bytecode .pyc marshal parser was vulnerable because the CPython marshal readers accepted a 32-bit string length without rejecting values that overflow the size-plus-one allocation. The vulnerability is triggered by opening or inspecting a crafted .pyc file through r2 or rabin2. A length of 0xffffffff wrapped the allocation to zero before the common byte reader wrote attacker-controlled data and fill bytes beyond the heap allocation. This can cause heap memory corruption and denial of service; arbitrary code execution is possible but has not been demonstrated. This issue is fixed in version 6.2.0.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-22 17:54 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-190 - Integer Overflow or Wraparound
  • CWE-787 - Out-of-bounds Write
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
radareorg radare2 Affected: < 6.2.0
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CVE-2026-81738 (GCVE-0-2026-81738)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-07 07:32 – Updated: 2026-09-08 14:55
VLAI
Summary
OpenVPN 2.5.0 through 2.7.6 on Windows using the tap-windows6 driver allows attackers to trigger an out-of-bounds write via crafted DOMAIN-SEARCH entries
Severity
2.3 (Low)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:L/SA:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-08 14:54 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
OpenVPN OpenVPN Affected: 2.5.0 , ≤ 2.7.6 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
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CVE-2026-81627 (GCVE-0-2026-81627)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-18 10:54 – Updated: 2026-09-21 11:32
VLAI
Title
Qemu-kvm: vapic writable rom alias can escape the option-rom window and expose locked smram
Summary
A flaw was found in QEMU. The VAPIC setup hypercall in hw/i386/vapic.c does not validate that the writable RAM alias remains within the option ROM window. A privileged guest user on a Q35/KVM machine can position this alias over locked SMRAM, bypassing chipset D_LCK protection and injecting code into System Management Mode memory.
Severity
8.2 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-18 15:07 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-08-26 00:00
Credits
Red Hat would like to thank Artem Dinaburg (Trail of Bits) for reporting this issue.
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To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-81625 (GCVE-0-2026-81625)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-27 09:06 – Updated: 2026-08-27 12:12
VLAI
Title
Stack buffer overflow in Greenbone OS and openvas-scanner
Summary
A remote attacker with user privileges may use a malicious or compromised NASL vulnerability test (VT) on the affected products to trigger a stack buffer overflow and gain full access on the compromised system.
Severity
8.7 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-27 12:11 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Greenbone Greenbone OS Affected: 5.0 , ≤ 25.0.5 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:o:greenbone:greenbone_os:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
greenbone openvas-scanner Affected: 3.0 , ≤ 23.49.3 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:greenbone:openvas-scanner:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Tristan Madani Talence Security
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-81433 (GCVE-0-2026-81433)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-29 23:05 – Updated: 2026-10-01 03:55
VLAI
Title
Fireware OS Pre-Authentication Stack Buffer Overflow in fingerd Allows Remote Code Execution
Summary
A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in WatchGuard Fireware OS's DHCP fingerprinting daemon (fingerd) allows an unauthenticated attacker with adjacent network access to execute arbitrary code or crash the process by sending a specially crafted DHCP packet.
Severity
8.7 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-30 00:00 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
WatchGuard Fireware OS Affected: 2026.3 , < 2026.3.2 (custom)
Affected: 2025.0 , < 2026.2.3 (custom)
Affected: 12.0 , < 12.12.3 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:watchguard:fireware_os:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:watchguard:fireware_os:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:watchguard:fireware_os:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Laurent GAFFIE, (secorizon.com)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-81334 (GCVE-0-2026-81334)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-27 14:50 – Updated: 2026-08-27 19:23
VLAI
Title
darknet through 6.0 Out-of-Bounds Read and Write via Unchecked Layer Index in .cfg Parser
Summary
darknet subscripts its layer array with an index taken from a configuration file without checking it against the array's length. The array is allocated in src-lib/darknet_network.cpp as xcalloc(net.n, sizeof(Darknet::Layer)), sized to exactly the number of layer sections the file declares. The shortcut, scale_channels and sam sections supply that index through their from field and the route section through its layers field, and parse_shortcut_section in src-lib/darknet_cfg.cpp reads net.layers[index].outputs with no bounds check, which reads past the allocation. The dispatch loop in create_network then reuses the same index to assign net.layers[l.index].use_bin_output and net.layers[l.index].keep_delta_gpu, writing past the allocation at an offset the file controls, with a fixed one-byte value. Parsing a crafted configuration file is sufficient: the parse runs before any weights file is opened and needs no non-default option, so the result is a reliable crash and a write whose location, though not its value, is chosen by whoever supplied the file.
Severity
6.9 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
6.1 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-27 19:23 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
hank-ai darknet Affected: 0 , ≤ 6.0 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-08-26 00:00
Credits
Michael Holmquist
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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          "value": "darknet subscripts its layer array with an index taken from a configuration file without checking it against the array\u0027s length. The array is allocated in src-lib/darknet_network.cpp as xcalloc(net.n, sizeof(Darknet::Layer)), sized to exactly the number of layer sections the file declares. The shortcut, scale_channels and sam sections supply that index through their from field and the route section through its layers field, and parse_shortcut_section in src-lib/darknet_cfg.cpp reads net.layers[index].outputs with no bounds check, which reads past the allocation. The dispatch loop in create_network then reuses the same index to assign net.layers[l.index].use_bin_output and net.layers[l.index].keep_delta_gpu, writing past the allocation at an offset the file controls, with a fixed one-byte value. Parsing a crafted configuration file is sufficient: the parse runs before any weights file is opened and needs no non-default option, so the result is a reliable crash and a write whose location, though not its value, is chosen by whoever supplied the file."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "NONE",
            "attackVector": "LOCAL",
            "baseScore": 6.9,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "userInteraction": "PASSIVE",
            "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
            "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "LOCAL",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 6.1,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "integrityImpact": "LOW",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-125",
              "description": "Out-of-bounds Read",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            },
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-787",
              "description": "Out-of-bounds Write",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-27T14:50:41.973Z",
        "orgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
        "shortName": "VulnCheck"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "product"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/hank-ai/darknet"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "technical-description"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/hank-ai/darknet/blob/v6.0/src-lib/darknet_cfg.cpp"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "technical-description"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/hank-ai/darknet/blob/v6.0/src-lib/darknet_network.cpp"
        },
        {
          "name": "VulnCheck Advisory: darknet through 6.0 Out-of-Bounds Read and Write via Unchecked Layer Index in .cfg Parser",
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/darknet-through-6.0-out-of-bounds-read-and-write-via-unchecked-layer-index-in-cfg-parser"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "darknet through 6.0 Out-of-Bounds Read and Write via Unchecked Layer Index in .cfg Parser",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "vulncheck-endgame"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
    "assignerShortName": "VulnCheck",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-81334",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-27T14:50:41.973Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-08-26T17:44:26.831Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-27T19:23:22.461Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements

Strategy: Language Selection

  • Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
  • Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
  • D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
  • Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
  • Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
  • When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
  • Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
  • If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
  • Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation

Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.

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