Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-749

Allowed

Exposed Dangerous Method or Function

Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product provides an Applications Programming Interface (API) or similar interface for interaction with external actors, but the interface includes a dangerous method or function that is not properly restricted.

350 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2025-24359 (GCVE-0-2025-24359)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-01-24 16:52 – Updated: 2025-02-12 20:01
VLAI
Title
ASTEVAL Vulnerable to Maliciously Crafted Format Strings Leading to Sandbox Escape
Summary
ASTEVAL is an evaluator of Python expressions and statements. Prior to version 1.0.6, if an attacker can control the input to the `asteval` library, they can bypass asteval's restrictions and execute arbitrary Python code in the context of the application using the library. The vulnerability is rooted in how `asteval` performs handling of `FormattedValue` AST nodes. In particular, the `on_formattedvalue` value uses the dangerous format method of the str class. The code allows an attacker to manipulate the value of the string used in the dangerous call `fmt.format(__fstring__=val)`. This vulnerability can be exploited to access protected attributes by intentionally triggering an `AttributeError` exception. The attacker can then catch the exception and use its `obj` attribute to gain arbitrary access to sensitive or protected object properties. Version 1.0.6 fixes this issue.
Severity
8.4 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-01-24 17:28 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-134 - Use of Externally-Controlled Format String
  • CWE-749 - Exposed Dangerous Method or Function
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
lmfit asteval Affected: < 1.0.6
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-14713 (GCVE-0-2025-14713)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-27 08:39 – Updated: 2026-05-27 12:48
VLAI
Summary
An Exposed Dangerous Method or Function vulnerability in Synology C2 Identity Edge Server package in DSM before 1.76.0-0307 allows remote attackers to obtain user credentials from the edge server.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-27 12:47 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-749 - Exposed Dangerous Method or Function
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Synology C2 Identity Edge Server Affected: * , < 1.76.0-0307 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Sina Kheirkhah (@SinSinology) of Summoning Team (@SummoningTeam)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-14497 (GCVE-0-2025-14497)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-23 21:16 – Updated: 2025-12-26 19:37
VLAI
Title
RealDefense SUPERAntiSpyware Exposed Dangerous Function Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability
Summary
RealDefense SUPERAntiSpyware Exposed Dangerous Function Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows local attackers to escalate privileges on affected installations of RealDefense SUPERAntiSpyware. An attacker must first obtain the ability to execute low-privileged code on the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the SAS Core Service. The issue results from an exposed dangerous function. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to escalate privileges and execute arbitrary code in the context of SYSTEM. Was ZDI-CAN-27680.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-12-26 19:36 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-749 - Exposed Dangerous Method or Function
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
RealDefense SUPERAntiSpyware Affected: 10.0.1276 Free Edition
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2025-12-19 14:28
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-14496 (GCVE-0-2025-14496)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-23 21:16 – Updated: 2025-12-26 19:35
VLAI
Title
RealDefense SUPERAntiSpyware Exposed Dangerous Function Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability
Summary
RealDefense SUPERAntiSpyware Exposed Dangerous Function Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows local attackers to escalate privileges on affected installations of RealDefense SUPERAntiSpyware. An attacker must first obtain the ability to execute low-privileged code on the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the SAS Core Service. The issue results from an exposed dangerous function. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to escalate privileges and execute arbitrary code in the context of SYSTEM. Was ZDI-CAN-27678.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-12-26 19:35 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-749 - Exposed Dangerous Method or Function
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
RealDefense SUPERAntiSpyware Affected: 10.0.1276 Free Edition
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2025-12-19 14:29
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-14495 (GCVE-0-2025-14495)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-23 21:16 – Updated: 2025-12-26 19:36
VLAI
Title
RealDefense SUPERAntiSpyware Exposed Dangerous Function Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability
Summary
RealDefense SUPERAntiSpyware Exposed Dangerous Function Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows local attackers to escalate privileges on affected installations of RealDefense SUPERAntiSpyware. An attacker must first obtain the ability to execute low-privileged code on the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the SAS Core Service. The issue results from an exposed dangerous function. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to escalate privileges and execute arbitrary code in the context of SYSTEM. Was ZDI-CAN-27677.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-12-26 19:36 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-749 - Exposed Dangerous Method or Function
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
RealDefense SUPERAntiSpyware Affected: 10.0.1276 Free Edition
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2025-12-19 14:29
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-14494 (GCVE-0-2025-14494)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-23 21:17 – Updated: 2025-12-24 16:29
VLAI
Title
RealDefense SUPERAntiSpyware Exposed Dangerous Function Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability
Summary
RealDefense SUPERAntiSpyware Exposed Dangerous Function Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows local attackers to escalate privileges on affected installations of RealDefense SUPERAntiSpyware. An attacker must first obtain the ability to execute low-privileged code on the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the SAS Core Service. The issue results from an exposed dangerous function. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to escalate privileges and execute arbitrary code in the context of SYSTEM. Was ZDI-CAN-27676.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-12-24 16:29 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-749 - Exposed Dangerous Method or Function
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
RealDefense SUPERAntiSpyware Affected: 10.0.1276 Free Edition
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2025-12-19 14:28
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-14493 (GCVE-0-2025-14493)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-23 21:16 – Updated: 2025-12-26 19:36
VLAI
Title
RealDefense SUPERAntiSpyware Exposed Dangerous Function Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability
Summary
RealDefense SUPERAntiSpyware Exposed Dangerous Function Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows local attackers to escalate privileges on affected installations of RealDefense SUPERAntiSpyware. An attacker must first obtain the ability to execute low-privileged code on the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the SAS Core Service. The issue results from an exposed dangerous function. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to escalate privileges and execute arbitrary code in the context of SYSTEM. Was ZDI-CAN-27675.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-12-26 19:36 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-749 - Exposed Dangerous Method or Function
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
RealDefense SUPERAntiSpyware Affected: 10.0.1276 Free Edition
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2025-12-19 14:29
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-14492 (GCVE-0-2025-14492)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-23 21:16 – Updated: 2025-12-26 19:35
VLAI
Title
RealDefense SUPERAntiSpyware Exposed Dangerous Function Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability
Summary
RealDefense SUPERAntiSpyware Exposed Dangerous Function Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows local attackers to escalate privileges on affected installations of RealDefense SUPERAntiSpyware. An attacker must first obtain the ability to execute low-privileged code on the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the SAS Core Service. The issue results from an exposed dangerous function. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to escalate privileges and execute arbitrary code in the context of SYSTEM. Was ZDI-CAN-27668.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-12-26 19:35 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-749 - Exposed Dangerous Method or Function
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
RealDefense SUPERAntiSpyware Affected: 10.0.1276 Free Edition
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2025-12-19 14:29
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-14491 (GCVE-0-2025-14491)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-23 21:17 – Updated: 2025-12-29 18:04
VLAI
Title
RealDefense SUPERAntiSpyware Exposed Dangerous Function Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability
Summary
RealDefense SUPERAntiSpyware Exposed Dangerous Function Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows local attackers to escalate privileges on affected installations of RealDefense SUPERAntiSpyware. An attacker must first obtain the ability to execute low-privileged code on the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the SAS Core Service. The issue results from an exposed dangerous function. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to escalate privileges and execute arbitrary code in the context of SYSTEM. Was ZDI-CAN-27660.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-12-29 18:04 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-749 - Exposed Dangerous Method or Function
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
RealDefense SUPERAntiSpyware Affected: 10.0.1276 Free Edition
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2025-12-19 14:28
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-14490 (GCVE-0-2025-14490)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-23 21:16 – Updated: 2025-12-29 18:03
VLAI
Title
RealDefense SUPERAntiSpyware Exposed Dangerous Function Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability
Summary
RealDefense SUPERAntiSpyware Exposed Dangerous Function Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows local attackers to escalate privileges on affected installations of RealDefense SUPERAntiSpyware. An attacker must first obtain the ability to execute low-privileged code on the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the SAS Core Service. The issue results from an exposed dangerous function. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to escalate privileges and execute arbitrary code in the context of SYSTEM. Was ZDI-CAN-27659.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-12-29 18:02 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-749 - Exposed Dangerous Method or Function
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
RealDefense SUPERAntiSpyware Affected: 10.0.1276 Free Edition
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2025-12-19 14:28
Show details on NVD website
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{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-14490",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-12-29T18:02:54.799008Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-12-29T18:03:05.605Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unknown",
          "product": "SUPERAntiSpyware",
          "vendor": "RealDefense",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.0.1276 Free Edition"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "dateAssigned": "2025-12-10T20:30:08.913Z",
      "datePublic": "2025-12-19T14:28:33.078Z",
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "RealDefense SUPERAntiSpyware Exposed Dangerous Function Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows local attackers to escalate privileges on affected installations of RealDefense SUPERAntiSpyware. An attacker must first obtain the ability to execute low-privileged code on the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the SAS Core Service. The issue results from an exposed dangerous function. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to escalate privileges and execute arbitrary code in the context of SYSTEM. Was ZDI-CAN-27659."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_0": {
            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.0"
          },
          "format": "CVSS"
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-749",
              "description": "CWE-749: Exposed Dangerous Method or Function",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-12-23T21:16:55.806Z",
        "orgId": "99f1926a-a320-47d8-bbb5-42feb611262e",
        "shortName": "zdi"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "ZDI-25-1166",
          "tags": [
            "x_research-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-25-1166/"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "lang": "en",
        "value": "gongjae"
      },
      "title": "RealDefense SUPERAntiSpyware Exposed Dangerous Function Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "99f1926a-a320-47d8-bbb5-42feb611262e",
    "assignerShortName": "zdi",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-14490",
    "datePublished": "2025-12-23T21:16:55.806Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-12-10T20:30:08.863Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-12-29T18:03:05.605Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

If you must expose a method, make sure to perform input validation on all arguments, limit access to authorized parties, and protect against all possible vulnerabilities.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design Implementation

Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction

  • Identify all exposed functionality. Explicitly list all functionality that must be exposed to some user or set of users. Identify which functionality may be:
  • Ensure that the implemented code follows these expectations. This includes setting the appropriate access modifiers where applicable (public, private, protected, etc.) or not marking ActiveX controls safe-for-scripting.
  • accessible to all users
  • restricted to a small set of privileged users
  • prevented from being directly accessible at all
CAPEC-500: WebView Injection

An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, injects code into the context of a web page displayed by a WebView component. Through the injected code, an adversary is able to manipulate the DOM tree and cookies of the page, expose sensitive information, and can launch attacks against the web application from within the web page.

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