Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-434

Allowed

Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The product allows the upload or transfer of dangerous file types that are automatically processed within its environment.

6380 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-103541 (GCVE-0-2026-103541)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-01 05:30 – Updated: 2026-10-01 14:28

Title

formtools.org Form Tools Ajax actions.php uploadFile unrestricted upload

Summary

A vulnerability was detected in formtools.org Form Tools up to 3.1.1. This issue affects the function Files::uploadFile of the file global/code/actions.php of the component Ajax Handler. The manipulation results in unrestricted upload. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit is now public and may be used. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.

Severity

5.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

6.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:P/RL:X/RC:C

6.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:P/RL:X/RC:C

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-10-01 14:27 UTC

CWE

CWE-434 - Unrestricted Upload
CWE-284 - Improper Access Controls

Assigner

VulDB mitre root Scorecard

References

6 references

URL	Tags
https://vuldb.com/vuln/412351	vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/vuln/412351/cti	signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-103541	third-party-advisory
https://vuldb.com/submit/957902	third-party-advisory
https://github.com/formtools/core/issues/957	issue-tracking
https://github.com/wawyw/cve_report/blob/main/for…	exploit

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
formtools.org	Form Tools	Affected: 3.1.0 Affected: 3.1.1 cpe:2.3:a:form_tools:form_tools::::::::

Credits

wenyouwen (VulDB User) VulDB CNA Team

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-103474 (GCVE-0-2026-103474)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-30 17:22 – Updated: 2026-09-30 17:50

Title

yii2-starter-kit through 4.2.0 Unrestricted File Upload RCE

Summary

yii2-starter-kit through 4.2.0 fails to validate file types in the backend storage upload actions, allowing authenticated managers to upload PHP files. Attackers with manager role can upload PHP scripts to the web-accessible storage directory and request them to execute arbitrary code on the server.

Severity

8.7 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

8.8 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-09-30 17:44 UTC

CWE

CWE-434 - Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type

Assigner

VulnCheck mitre root Scorecard

References

4 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/yii-starter-kit/yii2-starter-k…	issue-tracking
https://github.com/yii-starter-kit/yii2-starter-kit	product
https://github.com/yii-starter-kit/yii2-starter-k…	technical-description
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/yii2-starter…	third-party-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
yii2-starter-kit	yii2-starter-kit	Affected: 0 , ≤ 4.2.0 (custom)

Date Public

2026-09-30 00:00

Credits

Vikash Gupta

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-102842 (GCVE-0-2026-102842)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-30 00:30 – Updated: 2026-09-30 13:56

Title

gedelumbung HospitalManagement KCFinder File Manager app_user_login_model.php cekUserLogin unrestricted upload

Summary

A vulnerability was identified in gedelumbung HospitalManagement up to c2d45543789a3887067d3915f69d44cfc2cf76a8. Affected by this issue is the function app_user_login_model.php::cekUserLogin of the file application/models/app_user_login_model.php of the component KCFinder File Manager. Such manipulation of the argument ADMIN_RS_KCFINDER leads to unrestricted upload. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit is publicly available and might be used. This product takes the approach of rolling releases to provide continious delivery. Therefore, version details for affected and updated releases are not available. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.

Severity

5.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

6.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:P/RL:X/RC:C

6.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:P/RL:X/RC:C

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-09-30 13:55 UTC

CWE

CWE-434 - Unrestricted Upload
CWE-284 - Improper Access Controls

Assigner

VulDB mitre root Scorecard

References

6 references

URL	Tags
https://vuldb.com/vuln/411501	vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/vuln/411501/cti	signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-102842	third-party-advisory
https://vuldb.com/submit/946238	third-party-advisory
https://github.com/gedelumbung/HospitalManagement…	exploitissue-tracking
https://github.com/gedelumbung/HospitalManagement/	product

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
gedelumbung	HospitalManagement	Affected: c2d45543789a3887067d3915f69d44cfc2cf76a8 cpe:2.3:a:gedelumbung:hospitalmanagement::::::::

Credits

Chenshiyi (VulDB User) VulDB CNA Team

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-102454 (GCVE-0-2026-102454)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-30 08:26 – Updated: 2026-09-30 15:28

Title

DigiWin｜EasyFlow .NET - Arbitrary File Upload

Summary

EasyFlow .NET developed by Digiwin has an Arbitrary File Upload vulnerability. Privileged remote attackers can upload and execute web shell backdoors, thereby enabling arbitrary code execution on the server.

Severity

8.6 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

7.2 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-09-30 14:55 UTC

CWE

CWE-434 - Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type

Assigner

twcert mitre root Scorecard

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-11240-0fa1b-1.html	third-party-advisory
https://www.twcert.org.tw/en/cp-139-11241-b7eef-2.html	third-party-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
DigiWin	EasyFlow .NET	Affected: 6.1.* (custom) Affected: 6.6 , ≤ 6.6.19 (custom) Affected: 8.1 , ≤ 8.1.5 (custom)

Date Public

2026-09-30 08:22

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-102427 (GCVE-0-2026-102427)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-30 15:14 – Updated: 2026-09-30 16:09

Title

Joomla Extension - ordasoft.com - Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution in OrdaSoft Joomla CCK < 8.3.16

Summary

Joomla Extension - ordasoft.com - Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution in OrdaSoft Joomla CCK < 8.3.16 - site/uploader.php is reached through the component’s normal frontend routing (task=getContent), a task with no authentication or ACL check anywhere in the dispatch chain. The handler validates the uploaded file’s content with a real magic-byte MIME check, but the extension allow-list that would otherwise restrict the saved file’s extension was present in the source and commented out. The saved file’s extension was taken directly from the attacker-supplied filename with no validation, and the file was written to a path directly under the Joomla web root that is executed by the PHP handler. An image/PHP polyglot, a file whose header bytes satisfy the MIME check with PHP source appended after, passed the content check while carrying a .php extension of the attacker’s choosing.

Severity

10 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:A/AU:Y

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-09-30 15:37 UTC

CWE

CWE-434 - Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type

Assigner

Joomla mitre root Scorecard

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://www.ordasoft.com/	product

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
ordasoft.com	OrdaSoft Joomla CCK	Affected: 1.0.0-8.3.15

Credits

Ala Arfaoui

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-102366 (GCVE-0-2026-102366)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-28 23:34 – Updated: 2026-09-29 10:49

Title

mall4j through 4.0 Unrestricted File Upload in Admin File Endpoints

Summary

mall4j through 4.0 contains an unrestricted file upload vulnerability in FileController endpoints that lack authorization checks and accept arbitrary file types without validation. Attackers with any authenticated token can upload HTML or SVG files that execute scripts in administrator browsers when accessed from the local storage path, resulting in stored cross-site scripting.

Severity

2.1 (Low)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N

4.4 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-09-29 10:49 UTC

CWE

CWE-434 - Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type

Assigner

VulnCheck mitre root Scorecard

References

5 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/LinYuanyi1/cve-request-poc/blo…	exploit
https://github.com/gz-yami/mall4j	product
https://github.com/gz-yami/mall4j/blob/ffc672fc1a…	technical-description
https://github.com/gz-yami/mall4j/blob/ffc672fc1a…	technical-description
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/mall4j-throu…	third-party-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
gz-yami	mall4j	Affected: 0 , ≤ 4.0 (custom)

Date Public

2026-09-19 00:00

Credits

Mingsheng Lin

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-102263 (GCVE-0-2026-102263)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-29 04:15 – Updated: 2026-09-29 16:49

Title

mwasikz robo-cafe-rms manage-food.php unrestricted upload

Summary

A vulnerability has been found in mwasikz robo-cafe-rms up to 228c44a02823f04e85db32b7137809a2856148fc. The affected element is an unknown function of the file manage-food.php. Such manipulation leads to unrestricted upload. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. This product operates on a rolling release basis, ensuring continuous delivery. Consequently, there are no version details for either affected or updated releases. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Severity

5.1 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

4.7 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:P/RL:X/RC:R

4.7 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:P/RL:X/RC:R

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-09-29 16:49 UTC

CWE

CWE-434 - Unrestricted Upload
CWE-284 - Improper Access Controls

Assigner

VulDB mitre root Scorecard

References

4 references

URL	Tags
https://vuldb.com/vuln/411165	vdb-entry
https://vuldb.com/vuln/411165/cti	signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-102263	third-party-advisory
https://vuldb.com/submit/939874	third-party-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
mwasikz	robo-cafe-rms	Affected: 228c44a02823f04e85db32b7137809a2856148fc cpe:2.3:a:mwasikz:robo-cafe-rms::::::::

Credits

dexter-morgan (VulDB User) VulDB CNA Team

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-102143 (GCVE-0-2026-102143)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-30 20:10 – Updated: 2026-10-01 15:28

Title

Kiteworks Email Protection Gateway Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type

Summary

An unauthenticated attacker could cause a file with attacker-controlled content to be written to the appliance filesystem through an administrative upload handler that did not properly authenticate the request. This did not by itself result in code execution, which would require a separate vulnerability to place the file in an executable location.

Severity

7.5 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-10-01 15:14 UTC

CWE

CWE-306 - Missing Authentication for Critical Function
CWE-434 - Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type

Assigner

cisa-cg CISA root Scorecard

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/kiteworks/security-advisories/…
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cisagov/CSAF/de…	third-party-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
Kiteworks	Email Protection Gateway	Affected: 0 , < 9.5.1 (custom) Unaffected: 9.5.1

Date Public

2026-09-30 00:00

Credits

Supr4s, https://yeswehack.com/hunters/supr4s wlayzz, https://yeswehack.com/hunters/wlayzz Icare, https://yeswehack.com/hunters/icare truff, https://yeswehack.com/hunters/truff

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-102137 (GCVE-0-2026-102137)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-30 20:11 – Updated: 2026-10-01 13:37

Title

Kiteworks Core Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type

Summary

An authenticated administrator could bypass the content validation applied to an administrative file upload and store a file containing dangerous content on the appliance. This did not by itself result in code execution, which would require a separate vulnerability to run the stored file.

Severity

4.1 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-10-01 13:24 UTC

CWE

CWE-434 - Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type

Assigner

cisa-cg CISA root Scorecard

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/kiteworks/security-advisories/…
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cisagov/CSAF/de…

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
Kiteworks	Core	Affected: 0 , < 9.5.1 (custom) Unaffected: 9.5.1

Date Public

2026-09-30 00:00

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-102130 (GCVE-0-2026-102130)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-30 20:13 – Updated: 2026-10-01 13:37

Title

Kiteworks Email Protection Gateway Remote Code Execution

Summary

Kiteworks Email Protection Gateway did not sufficiently validate the content of an uploaded backup, and allowed an administrator to influence how the application loaded it. An authenticated administrator could potentially use this to execute arbitrary code on the gateway as the underlying service account.

Severity

7.2 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-10-01 13:28 UTC

CWE

CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
CWE-434 - Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type

Assigner

cisa-cg CISA root Scorecard

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/kiteworks/security-advisories/…	vendor-advisory
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cisagov/CSAF/de…	third-party-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
Kiteworks	Email Protection Gateway	Affected: 0 , < 9.5.1 (custom) Unaffected: 9.5.1

Date Public

2026-09-30 00:00

Credits

Icare, https://yeswehack.com/hunters/icare Supr4s, https://yeswehack.com/hunters/Supr4s wlayzz, https://yeswehack.com/hunters/wlayzz truff, https://yeswehack.com/hunters/truff

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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          "dateUpdated": "2026-10-01T13:37:05.756Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unknown",
          "product": "Email Protection Gateway",
          "vendor": "Kiteworks",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "9.5.1",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "custom"
            },
            {
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "9.5.1"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Icare, https://yeswehack.com/hunters/icare"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Supr4s, https://yeswehack.com/hunters/Supr4s"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "wlayzz, https://yeswehack.com/hunters/wlayzz"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "truff, https://yeswehack.com/hunters/truff"
        }
      ],
      "datePublic": "2026-09-30T00:00:00.000Z",
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Kiteworks Email Protection Gateway did not sufficiently validate the content of an uploaded backup, and allowed an administrator to influence how the application loaded it. An authenticated administrator could potentially use this to execute arbitrary code on the gateway as the underlying service account."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 7.2,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "HIGH",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-94",
              "description": "CWE-94 Improper Control of Generation of Code (\u0027Code Injection\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-434",
              "description": "CWE-434 Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-09-30T20:13:58.897Z",
        "orgId": "9119a7d8-5eab-497f-8521-727c672e3725",
        "shortName": "cisa-cg"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "url",
          "tags": [
            "vendor-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/kiteworks/security-advisories/security/advisories/GHSA-m92m-q8cf-rcch"
        },
        {
          "name": "url",
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cisagov/CSAF/develop/csaf_files/VA/white/2026/va-26-274-01.json"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Kiteworks Email Protection Gateway Remote Code Execution",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "VINCE-NT 1.15.0+build.145"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "9119a7d8-5eab-497f-8521-727c672e3725",
    "assignerShortName": "cisa-cg",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-102130",
    "datePublished": "2026-09-30T20:13:58.897Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-09-28T17:39:13.563Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-10-01T13:37:05.756Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Mitigation

Architecture and Design

Generate a new, unique filename for an uploaded file instead of using the user-supplied filename, so that no external input is used at all.[REF-422] [REF-423]

Mitigation MIT-21

Architecture and Design

Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion

When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.

Mitigation

Architecture and Design

Consider storing the uploaded files outside of the web document root entirely. Then, use other mechanisms to deliver the files dynamically. [REF-423]

Mitigation MIT-5

Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
For example, limiting filenames to alphanumeric characters can help to restrict the introduction of unintended file extensions.

Mitigation

Architecture and Design

Define a very limited set of allowable extensions and only generate filenames that end in these extensions. Consider the possibility of XSS (CWE-79) before allowing .html or .htm file types.

Mitigation

Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

Ensure that only one extension is used in the filename. Some web servers, including some versions of Apache, may process files based on inner extensions so that "filename.php.gif" is fed to the PHP interpreter.[REF-422] [REF-423]

Mitigation

Implementation

When running on a web server that supports case-insensitive filenames, perform case-insensitive evaluations of the extensions that are provided.

Mitigation MIT-15

Architecture and Design

For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.

Mitigation

Implementation

Do not rely exclusively on sanity checks of file contents to ensure that the file is of the expected type and size. It may be possible for an attacker to hide code in some file segments that will still be executed by the server. For example, GIF images may contain a free-form comments field.

Mitigation

Implementation

Do not rely exclusively on the MIME content type or filename attribute when determining how to render a file. Validating the MIME content type and ensuring that it matches the extension is only a partial solution.

Mitigation MIT-17

Architecture and Design Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.

Mitigation MIT-22

Architecture and Design Operation

Strategy: Sandbox or Jail

Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.

CAPEC-1: Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs

In applications, particularly web applications, access to functionality is mitigated by an authorization framework. This framework maps Access Control Lists (ACLs) to elements of the application's functionality; particularly URL's for web apps. In the case that the administrator failed to specify an ACL for a particular element, an attacker may be able to access it with impunity. An attacker with the ability to access functionality not properly constrained by ACLs can obtain sensitive information and possibly compromise the entire application. Such an attacker can access resources that must be available only to users at a higher privilege level, can access management sections of the application, or can run queries for data that they otherwise not supposed to.

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