Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-321

Allowed

Use of Hard-coded Cryptographic Key

Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft

The product uses a hard-coded, unchangeable cryptographic key.

628 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-P494-G4PP-QHM5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-07 09:31 – Updated: 2026-08-07 09:31
VLAI
Details

By accessing unencrypted information in the device firmware, an attacker can obtain credentials related to the integrity verification of a specific application function on the device.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-49008"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-321"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-08-07T09:16:58Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "By accessing unencrypted information in the device firmware, an attacker can obtain credentials related to the integrity verification of a specific application function on the device.",
  "id": "GHSA-p494-g4pp-qhm5",
  "modified": "2026-08-07T09:31:53Z",
  "published": "2026-08-07T09:31:53Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-49008"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.zte.com.cn/zte-iccp-isupport-webui/bulletin/detail/2171542593031803093"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-P79H-RMMR-JMR7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-17 06:31 – Updated: 2025-10-17 06:31
VLAI
Details

Agentflow developed by Flowring has an Use of Hard-coded Cryptographic Key vulnerability, allowing unauthenticated remote attackers to exploit the fixed key to generate verification information, thereby logging into the system as any user. Attacker must first obtain an user ID in order to exploit this vulnerability.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-11899"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-321"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-10-17T04:16:06Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Agentflow developed by Flowring has an Use of Hard-coded Cryptographic Key vulnerability, allowing unauthenticated remote attackers to exploit the fixed key to generate verification information, thereby logging into the system as any user. Attacker must first obtain an user ID in order to exploit this vulnerability.",
  "id": "GHSA-p79h-rmmr-jmr7",
  "modified": "2025-10-17T06:31:10Z",
  "published": "2025-10-17T06:31:10Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-11899"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.twcert.org.tw/en/cp-139-10439-0bd15-2.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-10438-1173e-1.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-P836-389H-J692

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:46 – Updated: 2025-10-22 17:34
VLAI
Summary
Improper Access Control in Apache Shiro
Details

Apache Shiro before 1.2.5, when a cipher key has not been configured for the "remember me" feature, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or bypass intended access restrictions via an unspecified request parameter.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 1.2.4"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.apache.shiro:shiro-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.2.5"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2016-4437"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284",
      "CWE-321"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2022-07-06T19:56:32Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2016-06-07T14:06:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Apache Shiro before 1.2.5, when a cipher key has not been configured for the \"remember me\" feature, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or bypass intended access restrictions via an unspecified request parameter.",
  "id": "GHSA-p836-389h-j692",
  "modified": "2025-10-22T17:34:26Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T02:46:17Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-4437"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/ef3a800c7d727a00e04b78e2f06c5cd8960f09ca28c9b69d94c3c4c4%40%3Cannouncements.aurora.apache.org%3E"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/ef3a800c7d727a00e04b78e2f06c5cd8960f09ca28c9b69d94c3c4c4@%3Cannouncements.aurora.apache.org%3E"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2016-4437"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/137310/Apache-Shiro-1.2.4-Information-Disclosure.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/157497/Apache-Shiro-1.2.4-Remote-Code-Execution.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016-2035.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016-2036.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/538570/100/0/threaded"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/91024"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Improper Access Control in Apache Shiro"
}

GHSA-PF66-674W-HM6H

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-21 06:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 06:18
VLAI
Details

Galaxy Software Services Vitals ESP is vulnerable to using a hard-coded encryption key. An unauthenticated remote attacker can generate a valid token parameter and exploit this vulnerability to access system to operate processes and access data.

This issue affects Vitals ESP: from 3.0.8 through 6.2.0.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-37291"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-321",
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-07-21T04:15:15Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "\nGalaxy Software Services Vitals ESP is vulnerable to using a hard-coded encryption key. An unauthenticated remote attacker can generate a valid token parameter and exploit this vulnerability to access system to operate processes and access data.\n\n\n\nThis issue affects Vitals ESP: from 3.0.8 through 6.2.0.\n\n",
  "id": "GHSA-pf66-674w-hm6h",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T06:18:22Z",
  "published": "2023-07-21T06:30:17Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-37291"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-7224-4fe1f-1.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-PFFP-CH4H-4669

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:38 – Updated: 2022-07-29 00:00
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability has been identified in SCALANCE X-200 switch family (incl. SIPLUS NET variants) (All Versions), SCALANCE X-200IRT switch family (incl. SIPLUS NET variants) (All versions). Devices create a new unique key upon factory reset, except when used with C-PLUG. When used with C-PLUG the devices use the hardcoded private RSA-key shipped with the firmware-image. An attacker could leverage this situation to a man-in-the-middle situation and decrypt previously captured traffic.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-28391"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-321",
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-01-12T21:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability has been identified in SCALANCE X-200 switch family (incl. SIPLUS NET variants) (All Versions), SCALANCE X-200IRT switch family (incl. SIPLUS NET variants) (All versions). Devices create a new unique key upon factory reset, except when used with C-PLUG. When used with C-PLUG the devices use the hardcoded private RSA-key shipped with the firmware-image. An attacker could leverage this situation to a man-in-the-middle situation and decrypt previously captured traffic.",
  "id": "GHSA-pffp-ch4h-4669",
  "modified": "2022-07-29T00:00:40Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:38:36Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-28391"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-274900.pdf"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-21-012-02"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-PGP9-VRPH-V4J2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-14 18:30 – Updated: 2026-04-14 18:30
VLAI
Details

A use of hard-coded cryptographic key vulnerability in Fortinet FortiClientEMS 7.4.0 through 7.4.5 may allow attacker to information disclosure via decrypting database dump.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-39810"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-321"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-14T16:16:45Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A use of hard-coded cryptographic key vulnerability in Fortinet FortiClientEMS 7.4.0 through 7.4.5 may allow attacker to information disclosure via decrypting database dump.",
  "id": "GHSA-pgp9-vrph-v4j2",
  "modified": "2026-04-14T18:30:36Z",
  "published": "2026-04-14T18:30:36Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-39810"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://fortiguard.fortinet.com/psirt/FG-IR-26-107"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-PHCF-76RM-Q992

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-04 12:30 – Updated: 2026-06-08 15:32
VLAI
Details

Fixed AES-128-CBC keys inside the AcerConnect OTA application let attackers forge authorization credentials for arbitrary IMEI numbers. This allows unauthorized actors to list catalog items and extract protected binaries from pre-signed cloud links.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-50226"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-321"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-04T10:16:40Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Fixed AES-128-CBC keys inside the AcerConnect OTA application let attackers forge authorization credentials for arbitrary IMEI numbers. This allows unauthorized actors to list catalog items and extract protected binaries from pre-signed cloud links.",
  "id": "GHSA-phcf-76rm-q992",
  "modified": "2026-06-08T15:32:42Z",
  "published": "2026-06-04T12:30:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-50226"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://community.acer.com/en/kb/articles/19707"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-PHCP-455W-63RG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-21 15:30 – Updated: 2025-05-21 15:30
VLAI
Details

itech iLabClient 3.7.1 relies on the hard-coded YngAYdgAE/kKZYu2F2wm6w== key (found in iLabClient.jar) for local users to read or write to the database.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-56429"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-321"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-05-21T14:15:26Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "itech iLabClient 3.7.1 relies on the hard-coded YngAYdgAE/kKZYu2F2wm6w== key (found in iLabClient.jar) for local users to read or write to the database.",
  "id": "GHSA-phcp-455w-63rg",
  "modified": "2025-05-21T15:30:34Z",
  "published": "2025-05-21T15:30:34Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-56429"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/lisa-2905/CVE-2024-56429"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://itech-gmbh.de/produkte"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-PMRP-4WV8-3M9Q

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-23 18:31 – Updated: 2025-01-23 18:31
VLAI
Details

ECOVACS robot lawn mowers and vacuums use a shared, static secret key to encrypt BLE GATT messages. An unauthenticated attacker within BLE range can control any robot using the same key.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-12078"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-321"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-01-23T17:15:13Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "ECOVACS robot lawn mowers and vacuums use a shared, static secret key to encrypt BLE GATT messages. An unauthenticated attacker within BLE range can control any robot using the same key.",
  "id": "GHSA-pmrp-4wv8-3m9q",
  "modified": "2025-01-23T18:31:20Z",
  "published": "2025-01-23T18:31:20Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-12078"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://dontvacuum.me/talks/37c3-2023/37c3-vacuuming-and-mowing.pdf"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://youtu.be/_wUsM0Mlenc?t=2041"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-PP2H-QX3J-9GXH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-30 15:31 – Updated: 2026-10-01 00:32
VLAI
Details

AJA HELO Plus firmware before 2.1.7 contains an information disclosure vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to decrypt sensitive diagnostics bundles by exploiting a static AES passphrase embedded in obfuscated form within the firmware. Attackers can reverse engineer the publicly available firmware image to recover the shared passphrase and decrypt diagnostics export bundles retrieved from the unauthenticated diagnostics endpoint on any affected device, exposing highly sensitive server information.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-47097"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-321"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-09-30T15:22:30Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "AJA HELO Plus firmware before 2.1.7 contains an information disclosure vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to decrypt sensitive diagnostics bundles by exploiting a static AES passphrase embedded in obfuscated form within the firmware. Attackers can reverse engineer the publicly available firmware image to recover the shared passphrase and decrypt diagnostics export bundles retrieved from the unauthenticated diagnostics endpoint on any affected device, exposing highly sensitive server information.",
  "id": "GHSA-pp2h-qx3j-9gxh",
  "modified": "2026-10-01T00:32:49Z",
  "published": "2026-09-30T15:31:35Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-47097"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://d26ddnfpy9hzf8.cloudfront.net/aja-web/public/pdf/2026/AJA_HELO_PLUS_ReleaseNotes_v2.1.7.pdf"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.aja.com/security-advisories/aja-sa-2026-003"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.aja.com/support/item/10457"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/aja-helo-plus-hardcoded-aes-passphrase-for-diagnostics-export-bundle"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/aja-helo-plus-static-aes-passphrase-information-disclosure-via-diags"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Prevention schemes mirror that of hard-coded password storage.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.