Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-287

Discouraged

Improper Authentication

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct.

6846 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-86117 (GCVE-0-2026-86117)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-05 09:59 – Updated: 2026-09-24 14:21
VLAI
Title
Coolify through 4.3.17 OAuth Account Takeover via Unverified Email Matching
Summary
Coolify through 4.3.17 contains an authentication bypass vulnerability in the OAuth callback handler that signs users into existing accounts based solely on email address without verifying provider assertions or binding OAuth identities. Attackers can register a victim's email address on any enabled OAuth provider to obtain authenticated sessions as that user, bypassing password requirements and two-factor authentication.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-10 14:24 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
coollabsio coolify Affected: 0 , ≤ 4.3.17 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-09-04 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-85984 (GCVE-0-2026-85984)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-26 17:28 – Updated: 2026-09-26 22:51
VLAI
Title
miniOrange OTP Login, Verification and SMS Notifications <= 5.5.5 - Unauthenticated Authentication Bypass via 'mo_wp_login_intent' Parameter
Summary
The miniOrange OTP Login, Verification and SMS Notifications plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Authentication Bypass via the mo_wp_login_intent parameter in all versions up to, and including, 5.5.5. This is due to a missing password-intent guard in the skip_pass_fallback-enabled configuration branch of the mo_by_pass_login() function, which treats administrator role membership alone as sufficient authentication whenever the unauthenticated, unverified POST parameter mo_wp_login_intent is submitted with the value otp, causing mo_get_user() to skip wp_authenticate_username_password() and resolve a WP_User purely from a username lookup. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to log in as any existing administrator account by supplying only a known username and an empty password alongside mo_wp_login_intent=otp, with no password or OTP verification required. Exploitation is conditional on a site administrator having simultaneously enabled the following plugin options: WP Login OTP, Login with Only OTP, Allow Users to Login with Username and Password, and Admin OTP Bypass.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-26 22:44 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-85716 (GCVE-0-2026-85716)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-17 16:23 – Updated: 2026-09-18 14:44
VLAI
Title
AsyncHttpClient: SCRAM and Digest mutual-authentication responses are not verified
Summary
The AsyncHttpClient (AHC) library allows Java applications to easily execute HTTP requests and asynchronously process HTTP responses. From 3.0.8 until 3.0.12, processScramAuthenticationInfo and processAuthenticationInfo compute the SCRAM ServerSignature or Digest rspauth verification result but log a mismatch and still deliver the response as authenticated. On a non-TLS or compromised transport, a peer that has not proved knowledge of the shared secret can therefore be accepted as the server. The fix rejects a present invalid value and computes Digest rspauth from the Authorization parameters actually sent, but verification remains unenforced when the value is absent, the sent parameters cannot be recovered, or Digest uses qop=auth-int. This issue is fixed in version 3.0.12.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-18 14:36 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
  • CWE-390 - Detection of Error Condition Without Action
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
AsyncHttpClient async-http-client Affected: >= 3.0.8, < 3.0.12
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-85702 (GCVE-0-2026-85702)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-04 20:30 – Updated: 2026-09-08 13:00 Unsupported When Assigned
VLAI
Title
ramon-victor freegpt-webui Backend Conversation API backend.py _conversation missing authentication
Summary
A security vulnerability has been detected in ramon-victor freegpt-webui up to 098db3dfeb41555c2ca9269df0f13e10ec1c35dc. Affected is the function _conversation of the file server/backend.py of the component Backend Conversation API. Such manipulation of the argument model leads to missing authentication. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used. This product operates on a rolling release basis, ensuring continuous delivery. Consequently, there are no version details for either affected or updated releases. This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-08 12:59 UTC
CWE
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/vuln/398805 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/vuln/398805/cti signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-85702 third-party-advisory
https://vuldb.com/submit/895267 third-party-advisory
https://gist.github.com/Galaxync/15cb5d1bf6ab110f… exploit
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
ramon-victor freegpt-webui Affected: 098db3dfeb41555c2ca9269df0f13e10ec1c35dc
    cpe:2.3:a:ramon-victor:freegpt-webui:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-85701 (GCVE-0-2026-85701)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-04 20:15 – Updated: 2026-09-08 17:53 Unsupported When Assigned
VLAI
Title
ramon-victor freegpt-webui Authentication Check __init__.py ChatCompletion.create missing authentication
Summary
A vulnerability has been found in ramon-victor freegpt-webui up to 098db3dfeb41555c2ca9269df0f13e10ec1c35dc. This issue affects the function ChatCompletion.create of the file g4f/__init__.py of the component Authentication Check. Such manipulation leads to missing authentication. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. This product utilizes a rolling release system for continuous delivery, and as such, version information for affected or updated releases is not disclosed. This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-08 17:53 UTC
CWE
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/vuln/398799 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/vuln/398799/cti signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-85701 third-party-advisory
https://vuldb.com/submit/895266 third-party-advisory
https://gist.github.com/Galaxync/4e91898128de8fff… exploit
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
ramon-victor freegpt-webui Affected: 098db3dfeb41555c2ca9269df0f13e10ec1c35dc
    cpe:2.3:a:ramon-victor:freegpt-webui:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-85637 (GCVE-0-2026-85637)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-04 18:30 – Updated: 2026-09-04 19:21
VLAI
Title
jofpin trape Admin Endpoint sockets.py join_room missing authentication
Summary
A security flaw has been discovered in jofpin trape 1.0.0/2.0. Affected by this issue is the function join_room of the file core/sockets.py of the component Admin Endpoint. The manipulation results in missing authentication. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been released to the public and may be used for attacks. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-04 19:21 UTC
CWE
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/vuln/398785 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/vuln/398785/cti signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-85637 third-party-advisory
https://vuldb.com/submit/895138 third-party-advisory
https://github.com/jofpin/trape/issues/406 exploitissue-tracking
https://github.com/jofpin/trape/ product
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
jofpin trape Affected: 1.0.0
Affected: 2.0
    cpe:2.3:a:jofpin:trape:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-85636 (GCVE-0-2026-85636)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-04 18:00 – Updated: 2026-09-08 17:46
VLAI
Title
jofpin trape Login Endpoint stats.py missing authentication
Summary
A vulnerability was identified in jofpin trape 1.0.0. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file core/stats.py of the component Login Endpoint. The manipulation leads to missing authentication. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit is publicly available and might be used. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-08 17:45 UTC
CWE
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
jofpin trape Affected: 1.0.0
    cpe:2.3:a:jofpin:trape:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-85596 (GCVE-0-2026-85596)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-04 11:30 – Updated: 2026-10-08 15:51
VLAI
Title
Traefik v3.7 Authentication Bypass via TLS Option Conflict
Summary
Traefik versions >= v3.7.0 and <= v3.7.10 contain an authentication bypass in the Kubernetes Ingress NGINX provider. The TLS option generated for an Ingress carrying the nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/auth-tls-secret annotation was named after the Ingress namespace and name. As a result, two Ingress objects sharing the same host, the same client CA secret, and the same client-authentication mode produced two distinct TLS option names for that host. Traefik treats this as a TLS options conflict and falls back to the entry point's default TLS configuration, which does not request a client certificate, so a route configured with nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/auth-tls-verify-client: "on" becomes reachable without a client certificate. Only the v3.7 line is affected; the issue is fixed in v3.7.11.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-10 14:19 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
traefik traefik Affected: 3.7.0 , ≤ 3.7.10 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:traefik:traefik:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-08-21 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-85595 (GCVE-0-2026-85595)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-04 11:29 – Updated: 2026-10-08 15:51
VLAI
Title
Traefik before v2.11.55 and v3.0.0 through v3.7.10 Authentication Bypass via digestAuth
Summary
Traefik versions before v2.11.55 and versions v3.0.0 through v3.7.10 contain an authentication bypass vulnerability in the digestAuth middleware where unknown usernames receive an empty secret instead of rejection. Attackers can compute a valid digest response using the empty secret and arbitrary credentials to bypass authentication on any digestAuth-protected route without a valid username or password.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-04 13:55 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
traefik traefik Affected: 0 , < 2.11.55 (semver)
Unaffected: 2.11.55 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
traefik traefik Affected: 3.0.0 , ≤ 3.7.10 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-08-21 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-85056 (GCVE-0-2026-85056)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-24 17:34 – Updated: 2026-09-28 14:56
VLAI
Title
ZITADEL: MFA bypass via session reuse in Login V2
Summary
ZITADEL is an open source identity management platform. From 4.0.0 until 4.16.1, ZITADEL Login V2 creates a browser session after password verification and can reuse that session for a later authentication request without verifying a user's enrolled TOTP, OTP, or U2F second factor. When the MFA step is abandoned and login starts again, session-validity checks require MFA only when the organization enables Force MFA or Force MFA for local users only, so a voluntarily enrolled factor can be skipped while completing an OIDC or SAML callback for a customer application. Login V1, the ZITADEL Console, Management and Admin APIs, and user self-management are not affected. This issue is fixed in version 4.16.1.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-28 14:55 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
zitadel zitadel Affected: >= 4.0.0, < 4.16.1
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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          "name": "https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/commit/049dbb25a56587fb3980c85c99819cad69f637db",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/commit/049dbb25a56587fb3980c85c99819cad69f637db"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/commit/56f4798ed31fc1cfcd9a0e7f6f0152289d2fdc43",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/commit/56f4798ed31fc1cfcd9a0e7f6f0152289d2fdc43"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v4.16.1",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v4.16.1"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-9993-rfwp-rhwf",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "ZITADEL: MFA bypass via session reuse in Login V2"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-85056",
    "datePublished": "2026-09-24T17:34:13.328Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-09-02T21:21:01.774Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-09-28T14:56:04.082Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

Use an authentication framework or library such as the OWASP ESAPI Authentication feature.

CAPEC-114: Authentication Abuse

An attacker obtains unauthorized access to an application, service or device either through knowledge of the inherent weaknesses of an authentication mechanism, or by exploiting a flaw in the authentication scheme's implementation. In such an attack an authentication mechanism is functioning but a carefully controlled sequence of events causes the mechanism to grant access to the attacker.

CAPEC-115: Authentication Bypass

An attacker gains access to application, service, or device with the privileges of an authorized or privileged user by evading or circumventing an authentication mechanism. The attacker is therefore able to access protected data without authentication ever having taken place.

CAPEC-151: Identity Spoofing

Identity Spoofing refers to the action of assuming (i.e., taking on) the identity of some other entity (human or non-human) and then using that identity to accomplish a goal. An adversary may craft messages that appear to come from a different principle or use stolen / spoofed authentication credentials.

CAPEC-194: Fake the Source of Data

An adversary takes advantage of improper authentication to provide data or services under a falsified identity. The purpose of using the falsified identity may be to prevent traceability of the provided data or to assume the rights granted to another individual. One of the simplest forms of this attack would be the creation of an email message with a modified "From" field in order to appear that the message was sent from someone other than the actual sender. The root of the attack (in this case the email system) fails to properly authenticate the source and this results in the reader incorrectly performing the instructed action. Results of the attack vary depending on the details of the attack, but common results include privilege escalation, obfuscation of other attacks, and data corruption/manipulation.

CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client

An attack of this type exploits vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by communicating directly with the server where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.

CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data

This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to obtain sensitive data once SSL is terminated.

CAPEC-593: Session Hijacking

This type of attack involves an adversary that exploits weaknesses in an application's use of sessions in performing authentication. The adversary is able to steal or manipulate an active session and use it to gain unathorized access to the application.

CAPEC-633: Token Impersonation

An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to create an access token (or equivalent) that impersonates a different entity, and then associates a process/thread to that that impersonated token. This action causes a downstream user to make a decision or take action that is based on the assumed identity, and not the response that blocks the adversary.

CAPEC-650: Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server

By exploiting insufficient permissions, it is possible to upload a web shell to a web server in such a way that it can be executed remotely. This shell can have various capabilities, thereby acting as a "gateway" to the underlying web server. The shell might execute at the higher permission level of the web server, providing the ability the execute malicious code at elevated levels.

CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)

An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.