Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-285
DiscouragedImproper Authorization
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product does not perform or incorrectly performs an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.
2723 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-93954 (GCVE-0-2026-93954)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-19 21:45 – Updated: 2026-09-22 15:43 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
grimmory-tools grimmory Settings API Endpoint AppSettingController.java AppSettingController.getAppSettings authorization
Summary
A security vulnerability has been detected in grimmory-tools grimmory up to 3.3.3/3.4.1. Affected is the function AppSettingController.getAppSettings of the file backend/src/main/java/org/booklore/controller/AppSettingController.java of the component Settings API Endpoint. Such manipulation leads to incorrect authorization. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used. The name of the patch is 2b66ca6df8110f6b512e030b54c16b9fbe318f17. Applying a patch is advised to resolve this issue. PR #2558, merged as 53abc8b, moved the OIDC secret into a dedicated setting, but did not by itself restrict GET /api/v1/settings.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-22 15:30 UTC
Assigner
References
8 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/407913 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/407913/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-93954 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/943919 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/grimmory-tools/grimmory/issues/2430 | exploitissue-tracking |
| https://github.com/grimmory-tools/grimmory/pull/2647 | issue-trackingpatch |
| https://github.com/grimmory-tools/grimmory/commit… | patch |
| https://github.com/grimmory-tools/grimmory/ | product |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| grimmory-tools | grimmory |
Affected:
3.3.0
Affected: 3.3.1 Affected: 3.3.2 Affected: 3.3.3 Affected: 3.4.0 Affected: 3.4.1 cpe:2.3:a:grimmory-tools:grimmory:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-93547 (GCVE-0-2026-93547)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-30 13:13 – Updated: 2026-09-30 14:26
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Missing Authorization Check in Vaadin Spreadsheet Allows Cell Comments to Be Written to Protected Sheets and Locked Cells
Summary
A missing authorization check in the Vaadin Spreadsheet component allows an authenticated user of an application that renders a spreadsheet to add or replace cell comments on a sheet that has protection enabled, including on cells that are locked. Writing a comment to a cell that does not exist yet also creates the row and the cell.
Users of affected versions should apply the following mitigation or upgrade. Releases that have fixed this issue include:
Product version
Vaadin 23.1.0 - 23.6.13
Vaadin 24.0.0 - 24.9.21
Vaadin 24.10.0 - 24.10.9
Vaadin 25.0.0 - 25.1.11
Vaadin 25.2.0 - 25.2.6
Vaadin Framework 7 and 8 with the Spreadsheet add-on 2.0.0 - 3.1.0
Mitigation
Upgrade to 23.6.14
Upgrade to 24.9.22
Upgrade to 24.10.10
Upgrade to 25.1.12
Upgrade to 25.2.7 or newer
Upgrade the Spreadsheet add-on to 3.1.1
Please note that Vaadin versions 10-13 and 15-22 are no longer supported and you should update either to the latest 23, 24, 25 version.
Artifacts
Maven coordinates Vulnerable versions Fixed version
com.vaadin:vaadin 23.1.0 - 23.6.13 >=23.6.14
com.vaadin:vaadin 24.0.0 - 24.9.21 >=24.9.22
com.vaadin:vaadin 24.10.0 - 24.10.9 >=24.10.10
com.vaadin:vaadin 25.0.0 - 25.1.11 >=25.1.12
com.vaadin:vaadin 25.2.0 - 25.2.6 >=25.2.7
com.vaadin:vaadin-spreadsheet-flow 23.1.0 - 23.6.13 >=23.6.14
com.vaadin:vaadin-spreadsheet-flow 24.0.0 - 24.9.21 >=24.9.22
com.vaadin:vaadin-spreadsheet-flow 24.10.0 - 24.10.9 >=24.10.10
com.vaadin:vaadin-spreadsheet-flow 25.0.0 - 25.1.11 >=25.1.12
com.vaadin:vaadin-spreadsheet-flow 25.2.0 - 25.2.6 >=25.2.7
com.vaadin:vaadin-spreadsheet 2.0.0 - 3.1.0 >=3.1.1
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-30 14:25 UTC
CWE
- CWE-285 - Improper Authorization
Assigner
References
8 references
Impacted products
3 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| vaadin | vaadin |
Affected:
23.1.0 , < 23.6.14
(maven)
Affected: 24.0.0 , < 24.9.22 (maven) Affected: 24.10.0 , < 24.10.10 (maven) Affected: 25.0.0 , < 25.1.12 (maven) Affected: 25.2.0 , < 25.2.7 (maven) |
|
| vaadin | vaadin-spreadsheet-flow |
Affected:
23.1.0 , < 23.6.14
(maven)
Affected: 24.0.0 , < 24.9.22 (maven) Affected: 24.10.0 , < 24.10.10 (maven) Affected: 25.0.0 , < 25.1.12 (maven) Affected: 25.2.0 , < 25.2.7 (maven) |
|
| vaadin | vaadin-spreadsheet |
Affected:
2.0.0 , < 3.1.1
(maven)
|
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CVE-2026-92799 (GCVE-0-2026-92799)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-25 06:39 – Updated: 2026-09-25 10:37
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Online Scheduling and Appointment Booking System <= 28.2 - Unauthenticated Authorization Bypass via PHP Type Juggling via 'verification_code' Parameter Type Juggling via json_data
Summary
The Online Scheduling and Appointment Booking System – Bookly plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Authorization Bypass via PHP Type Juggling in all versions up to, and including, 28.2. This is due to the `postValidateCustomer()` function using a loose PHP inequality operator (`!=`) to compare the session-stored one-time verification code against the attacker-supplied `verification_code` parameter — a flaw that is further exposed by the booking AJAX controller registering all its methods as `wp_ajax_nopriv_` handlers and unconditionally overriding `csrfTokenValid()` to return true, leaving the endpoint both unauthenticated and CSRF-unprotected. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to bypass the phone/email ownership verification step and overwrite the name, email, phone, and address fields of any arbitrary existing Bookly customer record, redirecting that customer's booking notifications to attacker-controlled contact details. The bypass is achievable because the `json_data` input channel decodes input via `json_decode()`, which preserves real PHP types and causes the `wp_kses` filter to leave non-string values such as the JSON boolean `true` untouched; submitting `true` as the `verification_code` satisfies the loose comparison against the session's non-zero integer code (generated by `mt_rand(100000, 999999)`), causing `true != <non-zero int>` to evaluate as `false` and the guard to be bypassed.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-25 10:35 UTC
CWE
- CWE-285 - Improper Authorization
Assigner
References
9 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ladela | Online Scheduling and Appointment Booking System – Bookly |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 28.2
(semver)
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CVE-2026-92087 (GCVE-0-2026-92087)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-16 14:21 – Updated: 2026-09-17 19:10
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
@fastify/auth vulnerable to Authorization Bypass via order-dependent evaluation of composed auth
Summary
@fastify/auth is a Fastify plugin that composes multiple authentication and authorization strategies into a single route guard. In versions 5.0.0 through 5.1.0, when strategies are composed with the relation "or" option together with the run "all" option and one entry is a nested array acting as an AND group, the group is evaluated in an order-dependent way: an earlier failing check is silently dropped and the group's result becomes the outcome of its last check. As a result, a request that satisfies only the last member of an AND group, for example an attacker who holds a valid API key but is not an administrator, is authorized instead of rejected, and a related order-dependent bypass affects the mirror configuration where the top-level relation is "and" and a nested group uses "or". The issue is fixed in @fastify/auth 5.1.1, and users should upgrade to 5.1.1 or later. As a workaround, omit the run "all" option where it is not required, order each AND group so its stricter check is evaluated last, or replace nested AND groups with an explicit top-level "and" composition.
Severity
8.1 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-17 19:10 UTC
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| @fastify/auth | @fastify/auth |
Affected:
5.0.0 , < 5.1.1
(semver)
Unaffected: 5.1.1 (semver) |
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CVE-2026-90935 (GCVE-0-2026-90935)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-14 12:48 – Updated: 2026-09-14 14:06
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Froxlor before 2.3.7 Authorization Bypass via Mysqls.add API
Summary
Froxlor before 2.3.7 fails to validate the mysql_server parameter against a customer's allowed_mysqlserver allowlist in the Mysqls.add API command. Attackers can supply a disallowed server index to create MySQL databases and users on forbidden servers, bypassing per-customer access controls.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-14 14:00 UTC
CWE
- CWE-285 - Improper Authorization
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/froxlor/froxlor/security/advis… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/froxlor-befo… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-05-29 00:00
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CVE-2026-90858 (GCVE-0-2026-90858)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-15 03:30 – Updated: 2026-09-15 17:55
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
subhajitkhan online-clinic-management-system adminappview.php session_start authorization
Summary
A flaw has been found in subhajitkhan online-clinic-management-system up to e9ee77a8827a1446220fa07ee693dc4d9a29a578. Affected by this vulnerability is the function session_start of the file adminappview.php. Executing a manipulation of the argument adminmail can lead to authorization bypass. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been published and may be used. This product operates on a rolling release basis, ensuring continuous delivery. Consequently, there are no version details for either affected or updated releases. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-15 17:55 UTC
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/403415 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/403415/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-90858 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/927291 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/subhajitkhan/online-clinic-man… | exploitissue-tracking |
| https://github.com/subhajitkhan/online-clinic-man… | product |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| subhajitkhan | online-clinic-management-system |
Affected:
e9ee77a8827a1446220fa07ee693dc4d9a29a578
cpe:2.3:a:subhajitkhan:online-clinic-management-system:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-90810 (GCVE-0-2026-90810)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-14 18:30 – Updated: 2026-09-15 14:54
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
cosmicstack-labs mercury-agent Shell Command Permission Check permissions.ts PermissionManager.checkShellCommand improper authorization
Summary
A security flaw has been discovered in cosmicstack-labs mercury-agent up to 1.1.13. The impacted element is the function PermissionManager.checkShellCommand of the file mercury-agent/src/capabilities/permissions.ts of the component Shell Command Permission Check. Performing a manipulation results in improper authorization. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been released to the public and may be used for attacks. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-15 14:54 UTC
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/403312 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/403312/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-90810 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/922876 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/cosmicstack-labs/mercury-agent… | exploitissue-tracking |
| https://github.com/cosmicstack-labs/mercury-agent/ | product |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| cosmicstack-labs | mercury-agent |
Affected:
1.1.0
Affected: 1.1.1 Affected: 1.1.2 Affected: 1.1.3 Affected: 1.1.4 Affected: 1.1.5 Affected: 1.1.6 Affected: 1.1.7 Affected: 1.1.8 Affected: 1.1.9 Affected: 1.1.10 Affected: 1.1.11 Affected: 1.1.12 Affected: 1.1.13 cpe:2.3:a:cosmicstack-labs:mercury-agent:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-90697 (GCVE-0-2026-90697)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-14 08:15 – Updated: 2026-09-15 13:57 X_Freeware
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
SourceCodester Inventory Management System invoice.php authorization
Summary
A vulnerability was identified in SourceCodester Inventory Management System 1.0. This affects an unknown part of the file invoice.php. The manipulation of the argument ID leads to authorization bypass. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit is publicly available and might be used.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-15 13:42 UTC
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/403230 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/403230/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-90697 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/916047 | third-party-advisory |
| https://gist.github.com/fhewm98/079112d415afa63ed… | exploit |
| https://www.sourcecodester.com/ | product |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| SourceCodester | Inventory Management System |
Affected:
1.0
cpe:2.3:a:sourcecodester:inventory_management_system:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-90598 (GCVE-0-2026-90598)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-13 21:45 – Updated: 2026-09-16 14:18
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
jaygajera17 E-commerce-project-springBoot UserController.java UserController.updateUser authorization
Summary
A vulnerability was detected in jaygajera17 E-commerce-project-springBoot up to 5e74a46b4b70623d0e4a0c9c4aee3bd1777185d2. The impacted element is the function UserController.updateUser of the file UserController.java. Performing a manipulation of the argument userid results in authorization bypass. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit is now public and may be used. This product is using a rolling release to provide continious delivery. Therefore, no version details for affected nor updated releases are available. The pull request to fix this issue awaits acceptance.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-16 14:17 UTC
Assigner
References
8 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/403180 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/403180/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-90598 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/913792 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/jaygajera17/E-commerce-project… | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/jaygajera17/E-commerce-project… | issue-trackingpatch |
| https://github.com/user-attachments/files/3064853… | exploitpatch |
| https://github.com/jaygajera17/E-commerce-project… | product |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| jaygajera17 | E-commerce-project-springBoot |
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CVE-2026-90566 (GCVE-0-2026-90566)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-13 15:45 – Updated: 2026-09-14 15:27
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Rizwan17 inventory-management-system Registration register.php createUserAccount improper authorization
Summary
A weakness has been identified in Rizwan17 inventory-management-system up to bfe78a330d01bb26b9daec5dc9ecd5c77900e03f. Affected by this vulnerability is the function createUserAccount of the file register.php of the component Registration Handler. Executing a manipulation of the argument usertype can lead to improper authorization. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be used for attacks. This product takes the approach of rolling releases to provide continious delivery. Therefore, version details for affected and updated releases are not available. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-14 15:26 UTC
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/403151 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/403151/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-90566 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/912565 | third-party-advisory |
| http://github.com/Rizwan17/inventory-management-s… | exploitissue-tracking |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rizwan17 | inventory-management-system |
Affected:
bfe78a330d01bb26b9daec5dc9ecd5c77900e03f
cpe:2.3:a:rizwan17:inventory-management-system:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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Mitigation
Architecture and Design
- Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
- Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Ensure that you perform access control checks related to your business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that you apply to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor.
Mitigation MIT-4.4
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
- For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
- One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.
Mitigation
System Configuration
Installation
Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.
CAPEC-1: Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs
In applications, particularly web applications, access to functionality is mitigated by an authorization framework. This framework maps Access Control Lists (ACLs) to elements of the application's functionality; particularly URL's for web apps. In the case that the administrator failed to specify an ACL for a particular element, an attacker may be able to access it with impunity. An attacker with the ability to access functionality not properly constrained by ACLs can obtain sensitive information and possibly compromise the entire application. Such an attacker can access resources that must be available only to users at a higher privilege level, can access management sections of the application, or can run queries for data that they otherwise not supposed to.
CAPEC-104: Cross Zone Scripting
An attacker is able to cause a victim to load content into their web-browser that bypasses security zone controls and gain access to increased privileges to execute scripting code or other web objects such as unsigned ActiveX controls or applets. This is a privilege elevation attack targeted at zone-based web-browser security.
CAPEC-127: Directory Indexing
An adversary crafts a request to a target that results in the target listing/indexing the content of a directory as output. One common method of triggering directory contents as output is to construct a request containing a path that terminates in a directory name rather than a file name since many applications are configured to provide a list of the directory's contents when such a request is received. An adversary can use this to explore the directory tree on a target as well as learn the names of files. This can often end up revealing test files, backup files, temporary files, hidden files, configuration files, user accounts, script contents, as well as naming conventions, all of which can be used by an attacker to mount additional attacks.
CAPEC-13: Subverting Environment Variable Values
The adversary directly or indirectly modifies environment variables used by or controlling the target software. The adversary's goal is to cause the target software to deviate from its expected operation in a manner that benefits the adversary.
CAPEC-17: Using Malicious Files
An attack of this type exploits a system's configuration that allows an adversary to either directly access an executable file, for example through shell access; or in a possible worst case allows an adversary to upload a file and then execute it. Web servers, ftp servers, and message oriented middleware systems which have many integration points are particularly vulnerable, because both the programmers and the administrators must be in synch regarding the interfaces and the correct privileges for each interface.
CAPEC-39: Manipulating Opaque Client-based Data Tokens
In circumstances where an application holds important data client-side in tokens (cookies, URLs, data files, and so forth) that data can be manipulated. If client or server-side application components reinterpret that data as authentication tokens or data (such as store item pricing or wallet information) then even opaquely manipulating that data may bear fruit for an Attacker. In this pattern an attacker undermines the assumption that client side tokens have been adequately protected from tampering through use of encryption or obfuscation.
CAPEC-402: Bypassing ATA Password Security
An adversary exploits a weakness in ATA security on a drive to gain access to the information the drive contains without supplying the proper credentials. ATA Security is often employed to protect hard disk information from unauthorized access. The mechanism requires the user to type in a password before the BIOS is allowed access to drive contents. Some implementations of ATA security will accept the ATA command to update the password without the user having authenticated with the BIOS. This occurs because the security mechanism assumes the user has first authenticated via the BIOS prior to sending commands to the drive. Various methods exist for exploiting this flaw, the most common being installing the ATA protected drive into a system lacking ATA security features (a.k.a. hot swapping). Once the drive is installed into the new system the BIOS can be used to reset the drive password.
CAPEC-45: Buffer Overflow via Symbolic Links
This type of attack leverages the use of symbolic links to cause buffer overflows. An adversary can try to create or manipulate a symbolic link file such that its contents result in out of bounds data. When the target software processes the symbolic link file, it could potentially overflow internal buffers with insufficient bounds checking.
CAPEC-5: Blue Boxing
This type of attack against older telephone switches and trunks has been around for decades. A tone is sent by an adversary to impersonate a supervisor signal which has the effect of rerouting or usurping command of the line. While the US infrastructure proper may not contain widespread vulnerabilities to this type of attack, many companies are connected globally through call centers and business process outsourcing. These international systems may be operated in countries which have not upgraded Telco infrastructure and so are vulnerable to Blue boxing. Blue boxing is a result of failure on the part of the system to enforce strong authorization for administrative functions. While the infrastructure is different than standard current applications like web applications, there are historical lessons to be learned to upgrade the access control for administrative functions.
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CAPEC-51: Poison Web Service Registry
SOA and Web Services often use a registry to perform look up, get schema information, and metadata about services. A poisoned registry can redirect (think phishing for servers) the service requester to a malicious service provider, provide incorrect information in schema or metadata, and delete information about service provider interfaces.
CAPEC-59: Session Credential Falsification through Prediction
This attack targets predictable session ID in order to gain privileges. The attacker can predict the session ID used during a transaction to perform spoofing and session hijacking.
CAPEC-60: Reusing Session IDs (aka Session Replay)
This attack targets the reuse of valid session ID to spoof the target system in order to gain privileges. The attacker tries to reuse a stolen session ID used previously during a transaction to perform spoofing and session hijacking. Another name for this type of attack is Session Replay.
CAPEC-647: Collect Data from Registries
An adversary exploits a weakness in authorization to gather system-specific data and sensitive information within a registry (e.g., Windows Registry, Mac plist). These contain information about the system configuration, software, operating system, and security. The adversary can leverage information gathered in order to carry out further attacks.
CAPEC-668: Key Negotiation of Bluetooth Attack (KNOB)
An adversary can exploit a flaw in Bluetooth key negotiation allowing them to decrypt information sent between two devices communicating via Bluetooth. The adversary uses an Adversary in the Middle setup to modify packets sent between the two devices during the authentication process, specifically the entropy bits. Knowledge of the number of entropy bits will allow the attacker to easily decrypt information passing over the line of communication.
CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls
An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.
CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables
This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.
CAPEC-87: Forceful Browsing
An attacker employs forceful browsing (direct URL entry) to access portions of a website that are otherwise unreachable. Usually, a front controller or similar design pattern is employed to protect access to portions of a web application. Forceful browsing enables an attacker to access information, perform privileged operations and otherwise reach sections of the web application that have been improperly protected.