Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-22
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Stable
The product uses external input to construct a pathname that is intended to identify a file or directory that is located underneath a restricted parent directory, but the product does not properly neutralize special elements within the pathname that can cause the pathname to resolve to a location that is outside of the restricted directory.
15031 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-92812 (GCVE-0-2026-92812)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-16 20:32 – Updated: 2026-09-19 01:53
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
decap-server Path Traversal via Sibling Directory Prefix Matching
Summary
decap-server contains a path traversal vulnerability in the local proxy containment guard that uses plain string prefix comparison without path separator validation. Attackers can access sibling directories whose names begin with the repository directory name to read, write, or delete files outside the intended repository root.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-19 01:53 UTC
CWE
- CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/geo-chen/oss/blob/main/decap-cms.md | technical-descriptionexploit |
| https://github.com/decaporg/decap-cms/blob/11f354… | technical-description |
| https://github.com/decaporg/decap-cms | product |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/decap-server… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| decaporg | decap-server |
Affected:
11f35405cd1a1d1216e97b890173f46436752019
(git)
|
Date Public
2026-09-16 00:00
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CVE-2026-92791 (GCVE-0-2026-92791)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-16 20:32 – Updated: 2026-09-21 15:41
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Uber Kraken through 0.1.29 Path Traversal via tag parameter
Summary
Uber Kraken through 0.1.29 fails to validate the tag parameter in the /tags/{tag} endpoint, allowing unauthenticated attackers to traverse outside the configured storage root. Attackers can use percent-encoded parent-directory segments in the tag parameter to read arbitrary files accessible to the testfs backend process.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-21 15:41 UTC
CWE
- CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/uber/kraken/issues/645 | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/uber/kraken | product |
| https://github.com/uber/kraken/blob/v0.1.27/lib/b… | technical-description |
| https://github.com/uber/kraken/blob/v0.1.27/lib/b… | technical-description |
| https://github.com/uber/kraken/blob/v0.1.27/build… | technical-description |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/uber-kraken-… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-07-18 00:00
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CVE-2026-92748 (GCVE-0-2026-92748)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-16 20:32 – Updated: 2026-09-18 18:25
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
BC Security Empire before 6.7.1 Path Traversal File Upload RCE
Summary
BC Security Empire before 6.7.1 fails to validate the multipart filename parameter in upload endpoints, allowing authenticated operators to write files to arbitrary paths on the C2 server. Attackers can use path traversal sequences in the filename to bypass directory containment and write malicious files to sensitive locations for code execution.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-18 18:24 UTC
CWE
- CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/BC-SECURITY/Empire/issues/824 | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/BC-SECURITY/Empire | product |
| https://github.com/BC-SECURITY/Empire/blob/v6.6.0… | technical-description |
| https://github.com/BC-SECURITY/Empire/commit/c33a… | patch |
| https://github.com/BC-SECURITY/Empire/releases/ta… | release-notes |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/bc-security-… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| BC-SECURITY | Empire |
Affected:
0 , < 6.7.1
(semver)
|
Date Public
2026-06-21 00:00
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CVE-2026-92604 (GCVE-0-2026-92604)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-16 17:31 – Updated: 2026-09-24 14:22
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Scirius through 3.8.0 Arbitrary File Write via PCAP Upload
Summary
Scirius through 3.8.0 contains an arbitrary file write vulnerability in the PCAP filestore upload endpoint that allows default User role users to write attacker-controlled JSON content to filesystem paths. Attackers can supply path traversal sequences in the uploaded document's _id field to escape the intended directory and write files with .json extension to arbitrary locations as root.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-16 17:48 UTC
CWE
- CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/geo-chen/oss/blob/main/scirius.md | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/StamusNetworks/scirius | product |
| https://github.com/StamusNetworks/scirius/blob/3b… | technical-description |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/scirius-thro… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| StamusNetworks | scirius |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 3.8.0
(semver)
|
Date Public
2026-09-14 00:00
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CVE-2026-92355 (GCVE-0-2026-92355)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-16 07:29 – Updated: 2026-09-16 14:58
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
In affected versions of Octopus Server, a user with permission to modify non built-in external feeds could exploit a path traversal flaw to overwrite arbitrary files on the server, which in some configurations could lead to remote code execution.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-16 14:58 UTC
CWE
- CWE-22 - Path Traversal
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Octopus Deploy | Octopus Server |
Affected:
2024.1.4131 , < 2026.1.11725
(custom)
Affected: 2026.2.0 , < 2026.2.13344 (custom) Affected: 2026.3.0 , < 2026.3.11816 (custom) |
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CVE-2026-91989 (GCVE-0-2026-91989)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-15 15:18 – Updated: 2026-09-17 19:27
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
atomic-agents-stack before 1.1.0 Path Traversal via dashboard serve.py
Summary
atomic-agents-stack before 1.1.0 contains a path traversal vulnerability in the dashboard HTTP server that allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files by supplying directory traversal sequences in request paths. Attackers can bypass path containment checks by including '../' segments in requests to the DashboardHandler.do_GET endpoint to access files outside the intended agents_root directory.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-17 19:15 UTC
CWE
- CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/dep0we/atomic-agents-stack/sec… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/atomic-agent… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| dep0we | atomic-agents-stack |
Affected:
0 , < 1.1.0
(semver)
Unaffected: 1.1.0 (semver) |
Date Public
2026-06-10 00:00
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CVE-2026-91940 (GCVE-0-2026-91940)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-15 15:18 – Updated: 2026-09-15 15:47
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
crawl4ai before 0.9.3 Arbitrary File Write via PDFContentScrapingStrategy
Summary
crawl4ai before 0.9.3 contains an arbitrary file write vulnerability in PDFContentScrapingStrategy where the _filter_untrusted_fields function fails to validate untrusted configuration fields. Attackers can submit crafted config bodies with malicious image_save_dir paths to write attacker-controlled bytes into any directory accessible to the service account.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-15 15:46 UTC
CWE
- CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/unclecode/crawl4ai/security/ad… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/crawl4ai-bef… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-08-31 00:00
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CVE-2026-91934 (GCVE-0-2026-91934)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-15 15:17 – Updated: 2026-09-15 15:45
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Flowise before 3.1.4 Remote Code Execution via SQL Database Chain
Summary
Flowise versions before 3.1.4 fail to validate file paths in the SQL Database Chain node when connecting to SQLite databases, allowing authenticated attackers to write arbitrary files. Attackers can write malicious SQLite databases to system directories or inject files into the web root to execute commands or perform stored XSS attacks.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-15 15:45 UTC
CWE
- CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/FlowiseAI/Flowise/security/adv… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/flowise-befo… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-08-31 00:00
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CVE-2026-91801 (GCVE-0-2026-91801)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-23 07:50 – Updated: 2026-09-23 14:45
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Foxit PDF Editor/Reader RichMedia Annotation Directory Traversal Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
A path traversal vulnerability exists in Foxit PDF Editor/Reader's handling of embedded PDF resources. Insufficient validation of resource file paths may allow files to be written outside their intended locations, potentially enabling arbitrary code execution.
Severity
7.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-23 14:45 UTC
CWE
- CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Foxit Software Inc. | Foxit PDF Editor |
Affected:
Versions 2026.2 and earlier
Affected: Versions 14.0.7 and earlier Affected: Versions 13.2.6 and earlier |
|
| Foxit Software Inc. | Foxit PDF Reader |
Affected:
Versions 2026.2 and earlier
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CVE-2026-91771 (GCVE-0-2026-91771)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-15 01:20 – Updated: 2026-09-24 14:22
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Weights & Biases wandb before 0.29.0 Path Traversal via File Download
Summary
Weights & Biases wandb before 0.29.0 fails to validate the file name from server responses in the File.download function, allowing path traversal attacks. Attackers controlling the backend can supply file names with directory traversal sequences to write files outside the intended download directory, potentially enabling code execution through modification of shell startup files or Python import paths.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-18 17:14 UTC
CWE
- CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/wandb/wandb/issues/12592 | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/wandb/wandb/commit/e52558f3a6a… | patch |
| https://github.com/wandb/wandb/releases/tag/v0.29.0 | release-notes |
| https://github.com/wandb/wandb/blob/v0.27.2/wandb… | technical-description |
| https://github.com/wandb/wandb | product |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/weights-bias… | third-party-advisory |
Date Public
2026-08-26 00:00
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Mitigation MIT-5.1
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- When validating filenames, use stringent allowlists that limit the character set to be used. If feasible, only allow a single "." character in the filename to avoid weaknesses such as CWE-23, and exclude directory separators such as "/" to avoid CWE-36. Use a list of allowable file extensions, which will help to avoid CWE-434.
- Do not rely exclusively on a filtering mechanism that removes potentially dangerous characters. This is equivalent to a denylist, which may be incomplete (CWE-184). For example, filtering "/" is insufficient protection if the filesystem also supports the use of "\" as a directory separator. Another possible error could occur when the filtering is applied in a way that still produces dangerous data (CWE-182). For example, if "../" sequences are removed from the ".../...//" string in a sequential fashion, two instances of "../" would be removed from the original string, but the remaining characters would still form the "../" string.
Mitigation MIT-15
Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
Mitigation MIT-20.1
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked.
- Use a built-in path canonicalization function (such as realpath() in C) that produces the canonical version of the pathname, which effectively removes ".." sequences and symbolic links (CWE-23, CWE-59). This includes:
- realpath() in C
- getCanonicalPath() in Java
- GetFullPath() in ASP.NET
- realpath() or abs_path() in Perl
- realpath() in PHP
Mitigation MIT-4
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
Mitigation MIT-29
Operation
Strategy: Firewall
Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].
Mitigation MIT-17
Architecture and Design
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.
Mitigation MIT-21.1
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion
- When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
- For example, ID 1 could map to "inbox.txt" and ID 2 could map to "profile.txt". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-185] provide this capability.
Mitigation MIT-22
Architecture and Design
Operation
Strategy: Sandbox or Jail
- Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
- OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-34
Architecture and Design
Operation
Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction
- Store library, include, and utility files outside of the web document root, if possible. Otherwise, store them in a separate directory and use the web server's access control capabilities to prevent attackers from directly requesting them. One common practice is to define a fixed constant in each calling program, then check for the existence of the constant in the library/include file; if the constant does not exist, then the file was directly requested, and it can exit immediately.
- This significantly reduces the chance of an attacker being able to bypass any protection mechanisms that are in the base program but not in the include files. It will also reduce the attack surface.
Mitigation MIT-39
Implementation
- Ensure that error messages only contain minimal details that are useful to the intended audience and no one else. The messages need to strike the balance between being too cryptic (which can confuse users) or being too detailed (which may reveal more than intended). The messages should not reveal the methods that were used to determine the error. Attackers can use detailed information to refine or optimize their original attack, thereby increasing their chances of success.
- If errors must be captured in some detail, record them in log messages, but consider what could occur if the log messages can be viewed by attackers. Highly sensitive information such as passwords should never be saved to log files.
- Avoid inconsistent messaging that might accidentally tip off an attacker about internal state, such as whether a user account exists or not.
- In the context of path traversal, error messages which disclose path information can help attackers craft the appropriate attack strings to move through the file system hierarchy.
Mitigation MIT-16
Operation
Implementation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
When using PHP, configure the application so that it does not use register_globals. During implementation, develop the application so that it does not rely on this feature, but be wary of implementing a register_globals emulation that is subject to weaknesses such as CWE-95, CWE-621, and similar issues.
CAPEC-126: Path Traversal
An adversary uses path manipulation methods to exploit insufficient input validation of a target to obtain access to data that should be not be retrievable by ordinary well-formed requests. A typical variety of this attack involves specifying a path to a desired file together with dot-dot-slash characters, resulting in the file access API or function traversing out of the intended directory structure and into the root file system. By replacing or modifying the expected path information the access function or API retrieves the file desired by the attacker. These attacks either involve the attacker providing a complete path to a targeted file or using control characters (e.g. path separators (/ or \) and/or dots (.)) to reach desired directories or files.
CAPEC-64: Using Slashes and URL Encoding Combined to Bypass Validation Logic
This attack targets the encoding of the URL combined with the encoding of the slash characters. An attacker can take advantage of the multiple ways of encoding a URL and abuse the interpretation of the URL. A URL may contain special character that need special syntax handling in order to be interpreted. Special characters are represented using a percentage character followed by two digits representing the octet code of the original character (%HEX-CODE). For instance US-ASCII space character would be represented with %20. This is often referred as escaped ending or percent-encoding. Since the server decodes the URL from the requests, it may restrict the access to some URL paths by validating and filtering out the URL requests it received. An attacker will try to craft an URL with a sequence of special characters which once interpreted by the server will be equivalent to a forbidden URL. It can be difficult to protect against this attack since the URL can contain other format of encoding such as UTF-8 encoding, Unicode-encoding, etc.
CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls
An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.
CAPEC-78: Using Escaped Slashes in Alternate Encoding
This attack targets the use of the backslash in alternate encoding. An adversary can provide a backslash as a leading character and causes a parser to believe that the next character is special. This is called an escape. By using that trick, the adversary tries to exploit alternate ways to encode the same character which leads to filter problems and opens avenues to attack.
CAPEC-79: Using Slashes in Alternate Encoding
This attack targets the encoding of the Slash characters. An adversary would try to exploit common filtering problems related to the use of the slashes characters to gain access to resources on the target host. Directory-driven systems, such as file systems and databases, typically use the slash character to indicate traversal between directories or other container components. For murky historical reasons, PCs (and, as a result, Microsoft OSs) choose to use a backslash, whereas the UNIX world typically makes use of the forward slash. The schizophrenic result is that many MS-based systems are required to understand both forms of the slash. This gives the adversary many opportunities to discover and abuse a number of common filtering problems. The goal of this pattern is to discover server software that only applies filters to one version, but not the other.