CWE-125
AllowedOut-of-bounds Read
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
12716 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-2PH4-3VR8-F2M3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-25 18:31 – Updated: 2026-08-25 18:31Nokogiri before 1.18.8 packages a vulnerable version of libxml2 (before 2.13.8) that contains a heap-based buffer under-read (CVE-2025-32415) in the xmlSchemaIDCFillNodeTables function in xmlschemas.c. The issue can be triggered when validating against an untrusted XML Schema, or when validating untrusted documents against trusted schemas that use xsd:keyref in combination with recursively defined types that have additional identity constraints. Upstream and MITRE rate this issue as low severity.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-71346"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-25T16:16:45Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Nokogiri before 1.18.8 packages a vulnerable version of libxml2 (before 2.13.8) that contains a heap-based buffer under-read (CVE-2025-32415) in the xmlSchemaIDCFillNodeTables function in xmlschemas.c. The issue can be triggered when validating against an untrusted XML Schema, or when validating untrusted documents against trusted schemas that use xsd:keyref in combination with recursively defined types that have additional identity constraints. Upstream and MITRE rate this issue as low severity.",
"id": "GHSA-2ph4-3vr8-f2m3",
"modified": "2026-08-25T18:31:50Z",
"published": "2026-08-25T18:31:50Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/security/advisories/GHSA-5w6v-399v-w3cc"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-71346"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/nokogiri-before-heap-buffer-under-read-via-xml-schema"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-2PQ7-X6P3-4C25
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-19 00:00 – Updated: 2022-04-24 00:00Multiple code execution vulnerabilities exists in the Nef polygon-parsing functionality of CGAL libcgal CGAL-5.1.1. A specially crafted malformed file can lead to an out-of-bounds read and type confusion, which could lead to code execution. An attacker can provide malicious input to trigger any of these vulnerabilities. An oob read vulnerability exists in Nef_S2/SNC_io_parser.h SNC_io_parser::read_vertex() vh->shalfedges_last().
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-28615"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125",
"CWE-129"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-04-18T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple code execution vulnerabilities exists in the Nef polygon-parsing functionality of CGAL libcgal CGAL-5.1.1. A specially crafted malformed file can lead to an out-of-bounds read and type confusion, which could lead to code execution. An attacker can provide malicious input to trigger any of these vulnerabilities. An oob read vulnerability exists in Nef_S2/SNC_io_parser.h SNC_io_parser\u003cEW\u003e::read_vertex() vh-\u003eshalfedges_last().",
"id": "GHSA-2pq7-x6p3-4c25",
"modified": "2022-04-24T00:00:31Z",
"published": "2022-04-19T00:00:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-28615"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/12/msg00011.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202305-34"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2020-1225"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2PQ8-82M9-V3HG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-08 18:33 – Updated: 2026-09-08 18:33Out-of-bounds read in Windows Win32K allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-69844"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-08T18:19:55Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Out-of-bounds read in Windows Win32K allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.",
"id": "GHSA-2pq8-82m9-v3hg",
"modified": "2026-09-08T18:33:02Z",
"published": "2026-09-08T18:33:02Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-69844"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-69844"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2PRH-76MQ-H4GX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-11-11 12:00 – Updated: 2022-11-16 12:00DexLoader function get_stringidx_fromdex() in Redex prior to commit 3b44c64 can load an out of bound address when loading the string index table, potentially allowing remote code execution during processing of a 3rd party Android APK file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-36938"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-125",
"CWE-1284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-11-11T00:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "DexLoader function get_stringidx_fromdex() in Redex prior to commit 3b44c64 can load an out of bound address when loading the string index table, potentially allowing remote code execution during processing of a 3rd party Android APK file.",
"id": "GHSA-2prh-76mq-h4gx",
"modified": "2022-11-16T12:00:20Z",
"published": "2022-11-11T12:00:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-36938"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/facebook/redex/commit/3b44c640346b77bfb7ef36e2413688dd460288d2"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2PVF-9GCJ-7W7G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-12-04 03:30 – Updated: 2023-12-07 15:30In phasecheckserver, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local denial of service with no additional execution privileges needed
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-42728"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-12-04T01:15:11Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In phasecheckserver, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local denial of service with no additional execution privileges needed",
"id": "GHSA-2pvf-9gcj-7w7g",
"modified": "2023-12-07T15:30:37Z",
"published": "2023-12-04T03:30:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-42728"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.unisoc.com/en_us/secy/announcementDetail/https://www.unisoc.com/en_us/secy/announcementDetail/1731138365803266049"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2PVH-QGR3-WP2R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-06 00:31 – Updated: 2026-08-06 00:31The H5Z__nbit_decompress_one_byte, H5Z__nbit_decompress_one_nooptype, and H5Z__nbit_decompress_one_atomic functions in H5Znbit.c in HDF5 through 2.3.0 advance a read index into the compressed chunk buffer without bounding it against the buffer's actual size. This allows attackers to cause an out-of-bounds heap read, and in constrained cases disclosure of adjacent heap memory into decompressed dataset values, via a crafted HDF5 file whose N-Bit filter parameters describe more decompressed data than the stored compressed chunk actually contains, triggered via H5Dread, e.g. by the h5ls or h5repack tools.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-19027"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-06T00:16:53Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The H5Z__nbit_decompress_one_byte, H5Z__nbit_decompress_one_nooptype, and H5Z__nbit_decompress_one_atomic functions in H5Znbit.c in HDF5 through 2.3.0 advance a read index into the compressed chunk buffer without bounding it against the buffer\u0027s actual size. This allows attackers to cause an out-of-bounds heap read, and in constrained cases disclosure of adjacent heap memory into decompressed dataset values, via a crafted HDF5 file whose N-Bit filter parameters describe more decompressed data than the stored compressed chunk actually contains, triggered via H5Dread, e.g. by the h5ls or h5repack tools.",
"id": "GHSA-2pvh-qgr3-wp2r",
"modified": "2026-08-06T00:31:31Z",
"published": "2026-08-06T00:31:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-19027"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/HDFGroup/hdf5/issues/6489"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/HDFGroup/hdf5/issues/6492"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/HDFGroup/hdf5/pull/6497"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-2PW9-XW4M-4W44
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:14 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:14An issue was discovered in libsndfile 1.0.28. There is a buffer over-read in the function i2alaw_array in alaw.c that will lead to a denial of service.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-19662"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-11-29T08:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in libsndfile 1.0.28. There is a buffer over-read in the function i2alaw_array in alaw.c that will lead to a denial of service.",
"id": "GHSA-2pw9-xw4m-4w44",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:14:00Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:14:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-19662"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/erikd/libsndfile/issues/429"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/12/msg00016.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2020/10/msg00030.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4013-1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2PWW-2C9Q-M4HW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-06 18:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 04:36The affected application lacks proper validation of user-supplied data when parsing project files (e.g., HMI). This could lead to an out-of-bounds read. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to potentially execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-31278"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-06-06T17:15:14Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nThe affected application lacks proper validation of user-supplied data when parsing project files (e.g., HMI). This could lead to an out-of-bounds read. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to potentially execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process. \n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n\n\n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n",
"id": "GHSA-2pww-2c9q-m4hw",
"modified": "2024-04-04T04:36:21Z",
"published": "2023-06-06T18:30:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-31278"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-23-143-04"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2Q23-RCVX-X24X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:42 – Updated: 2025-04-20 03:41The ExifImageFile::readDHT function in ExifImageFileRead.cpp in OpenExif 2.1.4 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer over-read and application crash) via a crafted jpg file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-11117"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-07-31T13:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The ExifImageFile::readDHT function in ExifImageFileRead.cpp in OpenExif 2.1.4 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer over-read and application crash) via a crafted jpg file.",
"id": "GHSA-2q23-rcvx-x24x",
"modified": "2025-04-20T03:41:40Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:42:08Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-11117"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://sourceforge.net/p/openexif/bugs/18"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2017/Jul/77"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2Q49-PRVR-QRG4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:37 – Updated: 2022-05-14 03:37An issue was discovered in Adobe Acrobat Reader 2018.009.20050 and earlier versions, 2017.011.30070 and earlier versions, 2015.006.30394 and earlier versions. This vulnerability occurs as a result of computation that reads data that is past the end of the target buffer; the computation is part of the conversion module that reads U3D data. A successful attack can lead to sensitive data exposure.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-4880"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-02-27T05:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in Adobe Acrobat Reader 2018.009.20050 and earlier versions, 2017.011.30070 and earlier versions, 2015.006.30394 and earlier versions. This vulnerability occurs as a result of computation that reads data that is past the end of the target buffer; the computation is part of the conversion module that reads U3D data. A successful attack can lead to sensitive data exposure.",
"id": "GHSA-2q49-prvr-qrg4",
"modified": "2022-05-14T03:37:34Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T03:37:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-4880"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/acrobat/apsb18-02.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/102996"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1040364"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Strategy: Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers
An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.