Vulnerability-Lookup

(CVE-2026-45409)

Vulnerability from cleanstart – Published: 2026-09-18 10:09 – Updated: 2026-10-09 06:40 – Source website

Summary

Security fix for CVE-2026-45409 applied in: airflow-2 2.10.3-r2, airflow-2 2.11.2-r1, airflow-3 3.2.1-r3, apache-superset 5.0.0-r7, apache-superset 6.0.0-r5, az 2.83.0-r1, az 2.84.0-r2, k8s-sidecar 1.25.2-r1, k8s-sidecar 2.2.3-r0, k8s-sidecar 2.3.0-r0, k8s-sidecar 2.4.0-r0, k8s-sidecar 2.5.4-1, k8s-sidecar 2.5.5-r0, k8s-sidecar 2.6.0-r0, kserve-storage-controller 0.19.0-r0, miniforge3 25.11.0.1-r2, miniforge3 26.1.0.0-r2, miniforge3 26.1.1.0-r1, tensorflow-gpu-jupyter 2.21.0-r5

Details

CVE-2026-45409 affects multiple packages. This issue is resolved in later releases. See references for individual vulnerability details.

Severity

5.3 (Medium)


                    
                      CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L

6.9 (Medium)


                    
                      CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

References

URL

Type

	https://github.com/cleanstart-dev/cleanstart-secu…	ADVISORY
	https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2026-45409	WEB
	https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-45409	WEB

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "CleanStart",
        "name": "airflow-2",
        "purl": "pkg:apk/cleanstart/airflow-2"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.10.3-r2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "CleanStart",
        "name": "airflow-2",
        "purl": "pkg:apk/cleanstart/airflow-2"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.11.2-r1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "CleanStart",
        "name": "airflow-3",
        "purl": "pkg:apk/cleanstart/airflow-3"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.2.1-r3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "CleanStart",
        "name": "apache-superset",
        "purl": "pkg:apk/cleanstart/apache-superset"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.0.0-r7"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "CleanStart",
        "name": "apache-superset",
        "purl": "pkg:apk/cleanstart/apache-superset"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "6.0.0-r5"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "CleanStart",
        "name": "az",
        "purl": "pkg:apk/cleanstart/az"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.83.0-r1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "CleanStart",
        "name": "az",
        "purl": "pkg:apk/cleanstart/az"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.84.0-r2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "CleanStart",
        "name": "k8s-sidecar",
        "purl": "pkg:apk/cleanstart/k8s-sidecar"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.25.2-r1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "CleanStart",
        "name": "k8s-sidecar",
        "purl": "pkg:apk/cleanstart/k8s-sidecar"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.2.3-r0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "CleanStart",
        "name": "k8s-sidecar",
        "purl": "pkg:apk/cleanstart/k8s-sidecar"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.3.0-r0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "CleanStart",
        "name": "k8s-sidecar",
        "purl": "pkg:apk/cleanstart/k8s-sidecar"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.4.0-r0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "CleanStart",
        "name": "k8s-sidecar",
        "purl": "pkg:apk/cleanstart/k8s-sidecar"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.5.4-1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "CleanStart",
        "name": "k8s-sidecar",
        "purl": "pkg:apk/cleanstart/k8s-sidecar"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.5.5-r0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "CleanStart",
        "name": "k8s-sidecar",
        "purl": "pkg:apk/cleanstart/k8s-sidecar"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.6.0-r0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "CleanStart",
        "name": "kserve-storage-controller",
        "purl": "pkg:apk/cleanstart/kserve-storage-controller"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.19.0-r0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "CleanStart",
        "name": "miniforge3",
        "purl": "pkg:apk/cleanstart/miniforge3"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "25.11.0.1-r2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "CleanStart",
        "name": "miniforge3",
        "purl": "pkg:apk/cleanstart/miniforge3"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "26.1.0.0-r2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "CleanStart",
        "name": "miniforge3",
        "purl": "pkg:apk/cleanstart/miniforge3"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "26.1.1.0-r1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "CleanStart",
        "name": "tensorflow-gpu-jupyter",
        "purl": "pkg:apk/cleanstart/tensorflow-gpu-jupyter"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.21.0-r5"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "credits": [],
  "database_specific": {},
  "details": "CVE-2026-45409 affects multiple packages. This issue is resolved in later releases. See references for individual vulnerability details.",
  "id": "CLEANSTART-2026-WY69230",
  "modified": "2026-10-09T06:40:34Z",
  "published": "2026-09-18T10:09:12.863663Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://github.com/cleanstart-dev/cleanstart-security-advisories/tree/main/advisories/2026/CLEANSTART-2026-WY69230.json"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2026-45409"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-45409"
    }
  ],
  "related": [],
  "schema_version": "1.7.3",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Security fix for CVE-2026-45409 applied in: airflow-2 2.10.3-r2, airflow-2 2.11.2-r1, airflow-3 3.2.1-r3, apache-superset 5.0.0-r7, apache-superset 6.0.0-r5, az 2.83.0-r1, az 2.84.0-r2, k8s-sidecar 1.25.2-r1, k8s-sidecar 2.2.3-r0, k8s-sidecar 2.3.0-r0, k8s-sidecar 2.4.0-r0, k8s-sidecar 2.5.4-1, k8s-sidecar 2.5.5-r0, k8s-sidecar 2.6.0-r0, kserve-storage-controller 0.19.0-r0, miniforge3 25.11.0.1-r2, miniforge3 26.1.0.0-r2, miniforge3 26.1.1.0-r1, tensorflow-gpu-jupyter 2.21.0-r5",
  "upstream": [
    "CVE-2026-45409"
  ]
}

CVE-2026-45409 (GCVE-0-2026-45409)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-05 22:06 – Updated: 2026-06-08 16:34

Title

Internationalized Domain Names in Applications (IDNA): Specially crafted inputs to idna.encode() can bypass CVE-2024-3651 fix

Summary

Internationalized Domain Names in Applications (IDNA) for Python provides support for Internationalized Domain Names in Applications (IDNA) and Unicode IDNA Compatibility Processing. In versions prior to 3.15, payloads such as `"\u0660" * N` or `"\u30fb" * N + "\u6f22"` utilize the `valid_contexto` function prior to length rejection, and for high values of `N` will take a long time to process. This is the same issue as CVE-2024-3651, however the original remediation in 2024 was not a complete fix. A specially crafted argument to the `idna.encode()` function could consume significant resources. This may lead to a denial-of-service. Starting in version 3.14, the function rejects long inputs as soon as practicable prior to any further processing to minimize resource consumption. In version 3.15, this approach was extended to lesser used alternate functions (i.e. per-label conversions and codec support). A workaround is available. Domain names cannot exceed 253 characters in length. If this length limit is enforced prior to passing the domain to the `idna.encode()` function, it should no longer consume significant resources. This is triggered by arbitrarily large inputs that would not occur in normal usage, but may be passed to the library assuming there is no preliminary input validation by the higher-level application.

Severity

6.9 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-06-08 14:30 UTC

CWE

CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root Scorecard

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://github.com/kjd/idna/security/advisories/G…	x_refsource_CONFIRM

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
kjd	idna	Affected: < 3.15

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-45409",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-06-08T14:30:54.406761Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-06-08T16:34:00.295Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "idna",
          "vendor": "kjd",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 3.15"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Internationalized Domain Names in Applications (IDNA) for Python provides support for Internationalized Domain Names in Applications (IDNA) and Unicode IDNA Compatibility Processing. In versions prior to 3.15, payloads such as `\"\\u0660\" * N` or `\"\\u30fb\" * N + \"\\u6f22\"` utilize the `valid_contexto` function prior to length rejection, and for high values of `N` will take a long time to process. This is the same issue as CVE-2024-3651, however the original remediation in 2024 was not a complete fix. A specially crafted argument to the `idna.encode()` function could consume significant resources. This may lead to a denial-of-service. Starting in version 3.14, the function rejects long inputs as soon as practicable prior to any further processing to minimize resource consumption. In version 3.15, this approach was extended to lesser used alternate functions (i.e. per-label conversions and codec support). A workaround is available. Domain names cannot exceed 253 characters in length. If this length limit is enforced prior to passing the domain to the `idna.encode()` function, it should no longer consume significant resources. This is triggered by arbitrarily large inputs that would not occur in normal usage, but may be passed to the library assuming there is no preliminary input validation by the higher-level application."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "NONE",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "baseScore": 6.9,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "LOW",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-1333",
              "description": "CWE-1333: Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-06-05T22:06:07.082Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/kjd/idna/security/advisories/GHSA-65pc-fj4g-8rjx",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/kjd/idna/security/advisories/GHSA-65pc-fj4g-8rjx"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-65pc-fj4g-8rjx",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "Internationalized Domain Names in Applications (IDNA): Specially crafted inputs to idna.encode() can bypass CVE-2024-3651 fix"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-45409",
    "datePublished": "2026-06-05T22:06:07.082Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-05-12T01:48:40.452Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-06-08T16:34:00.295Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.

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(CVE-2026-45409)

CVE-2026-45409 (GCVE-0-2026-45409)

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature

Related by attack behaviour