CVE-2026-72028 — riscv: probes: save original sp in rethook trampoline

Affected: Linux

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

riscv: probes: save original sp in rethook trampoline

Reading a word from the stack in a kretprobe crashes a risc-v kernel.

$ cd /sys/kernel/tracing/ $ echo 'r n_tty_write $stack0' > dynamic_events $ echo 1 > events/kprobes/enable Unable to handle kernel paging request at virtual address 0000000200000128 ... [<ffffffff80016d16>] regs_get_kernel_stack_nth+0x26/0x38 [<ffffffff80177196>] process_fetch_insn+0x3ee/0x760 [<ffffffff80177836>] kretprobe_trace_func+0x116/0x1f0 [<ffffffff8017795a>] kretprobe_dispatcher+0x4a/0x58 [<ffffffff8013572e>] kretprobe_rethook_handler+0x5e/0x90 [<ffffffff80180838>] rethook_trampoline_handler+0x70/0x108 [<ffffffff8001ba32>] arch_rethook_trampoline_callback+0x12/0x1c [<ffffffff8001ba84>] arch_rethook_trampoline+0x48/0x94 [<ffffffff8067872a>] tty_write+0x1a/0x30

In regs_get_kernel_stack_nth, regs->sp contains an arbitrary value.

arch_rethook_trampoline saves the registers from the probed function in a struct pt_regs. sp is not saved. Instead, sp is decremented for arch_rethook_trampoline's local stack.

Fix this crash and save the original sp along with the other registers. Use a0 as a temporary register, it is overwritten anyway.

[pjw@kernel.org: added Fixes tag; cc'ed stable]

USN-8887-1 — linux, linux-aws, linux-gcp, linux-gke, linux-ibm, linux-oracle, linux-realtime vulnerabilities

Affected: Ubuntu:26.04:LTS: linux, Ubuntu:26.04:LTS: linux-aws, Ubuntu:26.04:LTS: linux-gcp, Ubuntu:26.04:LTS: linux-gke, Ubuntu:26.04:LTS: linux-ibm, Ubuntu:26.04:LTS: linux-oracle, Ubuntu:26.04:LTS: linux-realtime

It was discovered that some AMD processors did not properly perform Reverse Map Table (RMP) checks when the IOMMU accessed certain host buffers. A local attacker with hypervisor access could possibly use this to trigger an out-of-bounds condition and compromise the integrity of SEV-SNP guest memory. (CVE-2023-20585)

Several security issues were discovered in the Linux kernel. An attacker could possibly use these to compromise the system. This update corrects flaws in the following subsystems: - ARM64 architecture; - NVDIMM (Non-Volatile Memory Device) drivers; - Handshake API; - ARM32 architecture; - MIPS architecture; - OpenRISC architecture; - PowerPC architecture; - RISC-V architecture; - S390 architecture; - x86 architecture; - Cryptographic API; - Compute Acceleration Framework; - Intel NPU Driver; - ACPI drivers; - Android drivers; - Serial ATA and Parallel ATA drivers; - Drivers core; - Rados block device (RBD) driver; - Ublk userspace block driver; - Bluetooth drivers; - Cdrom driver; - Character device driver; - TPM device driver; - Data acquisition framework and drivers; - Hardware crypto device drivers; - CXL (Compute Express Link) drivers; - DAX dirext access to differentiated memory framework; - DIBS (Direct Internal Buffer Sharing) drivers; - Buffer Sharing and Synchronization framework; - DMA engine subsystem; - DPLL subsystem; - EDAC drivers; - FireWire subsystem; - Arm Firmware Framework fo…

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CVE-2026-72028 — riscv: probes: save original sp in rethook trampoline

USN-8887-1 — linux, linux-aws, linux-gcp, linux-gke, linux-ibm, linux-oracle, linux-realtime vulnerabilities