CVE-2024-26149 — Vyper _abi_decode Memory Overflow

Affected: vyperlang vyper

Vyper is a pythonic Smart Contract Language for the ethereum virtual machine. If an excessively large value is specified as the starting index for an array in `_abi_decode`, it can cause the read position to overflow. This results in the decoding of values outside the intended array bounds, potentially leading to exploitations in contracts that use arrays within `_abi_decode`. This vulnerability affects 0.3.10 and earlier versions.

GHSA-9p8r-4xp4-gw5w — Vyper's `_abi_decode` vulnerable to Memory Overflow

Affected: PyPI: vyper

## Summary

If an excessively large value is specified as the starting index for an array in `_abi_decode`, it can cause the read position to overflow. This results in the decoding of values outside the intended array bounds, potentially leading to bugs in contracts that use arrays within `_abi_decode`. The advisory has been assigned low severity, because it is only observable if there is a memory write between two invocations of `abi_decode` on the same input.

## Proof of Concept

```vyper event Pwn: pass

@external def f(x: Bytes[32 * 3]): a: Bytes[32] = b"foo" y: Bytes[32 * 3] = x

decoded_y1: Bytes[32] = _abi_decode(y, Bytes[32]) a = b"bar" decoded_y2: Bytes[32] = _abi_decode(y, Bytes[32])

if decoded_y1 != decoded_y2: log Pwn() ```

Sending the following calldata results in `Pwn` being emitted.

``` 0xd45754f8 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000020 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000060 ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffa0 ```

### Patches Patched in https://github.com/vyperlang/vyper/pull/3925, https://github.com/vyperlang/vyper/pull/4091, https://github.com/vyperlang/vyper/pull/4144, https://github.com/vyperlang/vyper/pull/4060.

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CVE-2024-26149 — Vyper _abi_decode Memory Overflow

GHSA-9p8r-4xp4-gw5w — Vyper's `_abi_decode` vulnerable to Memory Overflow