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bdu:2026-14941

EUVD-2026-372451

fkie_cve-2026-92944

vm2 versions 3.10.2 through 3.11.6 contain a sandbox escape vulnerability on Node.js 26 where Promise.prototype.finally() bypasses vm2's wrapper protections due to a stale PromiseThenLookupChain protector in V8 14.6. Attackers can exploit this by creating an async function that returns a Promise with an attacker-controlled constructor Symbol.species, allowing them to reach the host Function constructor and process object for arbitrary code execution.

GHSA-27g9-p43v-cw3v — vm2 sandbox escape on Node.js 26 through a stale PromiseThenLookupChain protector

Affected: npm: vm2

## Reporter

- Name or handle: `[YMsora]` - Report date: 2026-08-14

## Summary

The latest published vm2 release, **3.11.5**, and the current `main` branch are vulnerable to a sandbox escape when used on Node.js 26. An ordinary fulfilled Promise created by an async function can retain an attacker-controlled `constructor[Symbol.species]` across `Promise.prototype.finally()`.

vm2 installs wrappers on the intrinsic `Promise.prototype.then` and `catch` methods. On Node.js 26 / V8 14.6, V8's `SetPrototypeProperties` path updates these existing data properties without invalidating the `PromiseThenLookupChain` protector. `Promise.prototype.finally()` subsequently trusts the stale protector and uses an internal `InvokeThen` fast path that calls the original native `then`, bypassing vm2's wrapper and its `resetPromiseSpecies(this)` hardening.

The attacker-controlled species constructor therefore supplies the resolve and reject functions used by a native Promise reaction. A calibrated stack overflow at that native reaction boundary yields a raw host-realm `RangeError` to the attacker-controlled reject function. Its constructor chain reaches the host `Function` constructor and consequently the host `process` object.

The attached proof is non-destructive: it reads only `process.version`. It does not execute commands, access files, or perform network requests.

## Latest-version status

Verified on 2026-08-14:

- npm `latest`: `vm2@3.11.5` - `vm2@3.11.5` publication time: 2026-05-18T…

WID-SEC-W-2026-2997 — vm2: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Ein Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in vm2 ausnutzen, um Sicherheitsvorkehrungen zu umgehen, um Informationen offenzulegen, um Daten zu manipulieren, um einen Denial of Service Angriff durchzuführen und um beliebigen Programmcode auszuführen.