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EUVD-2026-363712

fkie_cve-2026-41523

vLLM is an inference and serving engine for large language models (LLMs). Prior to 0.22.0, an assert-based security check in vLLM's activation function loading allows any unauthenticated attacker to achieve arbitrary code execution on the server by publishing a malicious HuggingFace model, when vLLM runs in Python optimized mode (python -O or PYTHONOPTIMIZE=1). This vulnerability is fixed in 0.22.0.

GHSA-q8gq-377p-jq3r — vLLM: Security Check Bypass via assert Statement in Activation Function Loading Allows Arbitrary Code Execution

Affected: PyPI: vllm

### Summary

An `assert`-based security check in vLLM's activation function loading allows any unauthenticated attacker to achieve arbitrary code execution on the server by publishing a malicious HuggingFace model, when vLLM runs in Python optimized mode (`python -O` or `PYTHONOPTIMIZE=1`).

### Details

vLLM uses an `assert` statement at [`vllm/model_executor/layers/pooler/activations.py:48`](https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/blob/main/vllm/model_executor/layers/pooler/activations.py#L48) as its sole security control to restrict which activation functions can be loaded from a HuggingFace model's `config.json`:

```python # vllm/model_executor/layers/pooler/activations.py:35-53 function_name: str | None = None if ( hasattr(config, "sentence_transformers") and "activation_fn" in config.sentence_transformers ): function_name = config.sentence_transformers["activation_fn"] elif ( hasattr(config, "sbert_ce_default_activation_function") and config.sbert_ce_default_activation_function is not None ): function_name = config.sbert_ce_default_activation_function

if function_name is not None: assert function_name.startswith("torch.nn.modules."), ( "Loading of activation functions is restricted to " "torch.nn.modules for security reasons" ) fn = resolve_obj_by_qualname(function_name)() ```

Python's `assert` statements are stripped at compile time when running in optimized mode (`python -O` or `PYTHONOPTIMIZE=1`). When the assert i…

PYSEC-2026-2300

Affected: PyPI: vllm

RHSA-2026:36005 — Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.2.2 (CUDA)

giflib: giflib: Denial of Service via buffer overflow in EGifGCBToExtension gnutls: GnuTLS: Denial of Service via DTLS zero-length fragment gnutls: GnuTLS: Denial of Service via heap buffer overflow in DTLS handshake fragment reassembly vLLM: vLLM: Denial of Service due to excessive video frame processing vllm: vLLM: Denial of Service via excessively large 'n' parameter in OpenAI-compatible API vim: arbitrary command execution via modeline sandbox bypass vllm: vLLM: Arbitrary code execution via malicious HuggingFace model gnutls: gnutls: Denial of Service via DTLS packet reordering vulnerability gnutls: gnutls: Authentication Bypass via NUL Character in Username vllm: starlette: vLLM: Critical authentication bypass allows unauthorized API access vllm: vLLM: Denial of Service due to improper floating-point validation starlette: Starlette: request.form() limits silently ignored for application/x-www-form-urlencoded enable DoS

WID-SEC-W-2026-1911 — vllm: Schwachstelle ermöglicht Codeausführung

Ein entfernter, anonymer Angreifer kann eine Schwachstelle in vllm ausnutzen, um beliebigen Programmcode auszuführen.