EUVD-2026-221554

fkie_cve-2023-25653

node-jose is a JavaScript implementation of the JSON Object Signing and Encryption (JOSE) for web browsers and node.js-based servers. Prior to version 2.2.0, when using the non-default "fallback" crypto back-end, ECC operations in `node-jose` can trigger a Denial-of-Service (DoS) condition, due to a possible infinite loop in an internal calculation. For some ECC operations, this condition is triggered randomly; for others, it can be triggered by malicious input. The issue has been patched in version 2.2.0. Since this issue is only present in the "fallback" crypto implementation, it can be avoided by ensuring that either WebCrypto or the Node `crypto` module is available in the JS environment where `node-jose` is being run.

GHSA-5h4j-qrvg-9xhw — Improper calculations in ECC implementation can trigger a Denial-of-Service (DoS)

Affected: npm: node-jose

### Description

When using the non-default "fallback" crypto back-end, ECC operations in `node-jose` can trigger a Denial-of-Service (DoS) condition, due to a possible infinite loop in an internal calculation. For some ECC operations, this condition is triggered randomly; for others, it can be triggered by malicious input.

#### Technical summary

The JOSE logic implemented by `node-jose` usually relies on an external cryptographic library for the underlying cryptographic primitives that JOSE operations require. When WebCrypto or the Node `crypto` module are available, they are used. When neither of these libraries is available, `node-jose` includes its own "fallback" implementations of some algorithms based on `node-forge`, in particular implementations of ECDH and ECDSA.

A various points, these algorithm implementations need to compute to the X coordinate of an elliptic curve point. This is done by calling the `getX()` method of the object representing the point, which is an alias of the function `pointFpGetX()` in `lib/deps/ecc/math.js`.

Computing the X coordinate from the form in which the point is stored requires computing the modular inverse of the Z coordinate, using the `modInverse` function from the `jsbn` library (e.g., `this.z.modInverse(this.curve.p)`). The output of this function call is multiplied by another value before being reduced with the `barrettReduce()` function.

The root cause of this issue is that the `jsbn` `modInverse` function sometimes r…

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EUVD-2026-221554

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