Affected: Apache Software Foundation Apache OpenNLP, Red Hat Data Grid 8, Red Hat Fuse 7, Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Expansion Pack, Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI)

OOM Denial of Service via Unbounded Array Allocation in Apache OpenNLP AbstractModelReader

Versions Affected:

before 1.9.5 before 2.5.9

before 3.0.0-M3

Description:

The AbstractModelReader methods getOutcomes(), getOutcomePatterns(), and getPredicates() each read a 32-bit signed integer count field from a binary model stream and pass that value directly to an array allocation (new String[numOutcomes], new int[numOCTypes][], new String[NUM_PREDS]) without validating that the value is non-negative or within a reasonable bound. The count is therefore fully attacker-controlled when the model file originates from an untrusted source.

A crafted .bin model file in which any of these count fields is set to Integer.MAX_VALUE (or any value large enough to exhaust the available heap) triggers an OutOfMemoryError at the array allocation itself, before the corresponding label or pattern data is consumed from the stream. The error occurs very early in deserialization: for a GIS model, getOutcomes() is reached after only the model-type string, the correction constant, and the correction parameter have been read; so the attacker pays no meaningful size cost to weaponize a payload, and a single small file can crash a JVM that loads it. Any code path that deserializes a .bin model is affected, including direct use of GenericModelReader and any higher-level component that delegates to it during model load.

The practical impact is denial of service against processes that load model…