By using the "uscan" protocol provided by the eSCL specification, an attacker can discover the serial number of multi-function printers that implement the Brother-provided firmware. This serial number can, in turn, can be leveraged by the flaw described by CVE-2024-51978 to calculate the default administrator password. This flaw is similar to CVE-2024-51977, with the only difference being the protocol by which an attacker can use to learn the remote device's serial number. The eSCL/uscan vector is typically only exposed on the local network. Any discovery service that implements the eSCL specification can be used to exploit this vulnerability, and one such implementation is the runZero Explorer. Changing the default administrator password will render this vulnerability virtually worthless, since the calculated default administrator password would no longer be the correct password.

By using the "uscan" protocol provided by the eSCL specification, an attacker can discover the serial number of multi-function printers that implement the Brother-provided firmware. This serial number can, in turn, can be leveraged by the flaw described by CVE-2024-51978 to calculate the default administrator password. This flaw is similar to CVE-2024-51977, with the only difference being the protocol by which an attacker can use to learn the remote device's serial number. The eSCL/uscan vector is typically only exposed on the local network. Any discovery service that implements the eSCL specification can be used to exploit this vulnerability, and one such implementation is the runZero Explorer. Changing the default administrator password will render this vulnerability virtually worthless, since the calculated default administrator password would no longer be the correct password.

Multiple products provided by BROTHER INDUSTRIES, LTD and other OEM vendors are setup with weak initial administrator passwords, which can be derived from their serial numbers. This is reported by Rapid7, and treated on <a href="https://jvn.jp/en/vu/JVNVU90043828/"target="blank">JVNVU#90043828</a>, <a href="https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-51978"target="blank">CVE-2024-51978</a>. Brother states that (1) serial numbers have been available without authentication by design, for system management purposes, and (2) to fix CVE-2024-51978, the production-lines have been revised to introduce the initial passwords which are hard to derive from its serial numbers After the publication of CVE-2024-51978, runZero reported that eSCL/uscan can be also used to retrieve serial numbers without authentication. eSCL/uscan is not described in CVE-2024-51977, and considering the existence of CVE-2024-51978, Austin Hackers Anonymous assigns <a href="https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-8452"target="blank">CVE-2025-8452</a>. runZero reported this issue to the developer. JPCERT/CC coordinated between the reporter and the developer.