Ray is an AI compute engine. Prior to version 2.52.0, developers working with Ray as a development tool can be exploited via a critical RCE vulnerability exploitable via Firefox and Safari. This vulnerability is due to an insufficient guard against browser-based attacks, as the current defense uses the User-Agent header starting with the string "Mozilla" as a defense mechanism. This defense is insufficient as the fetch specification allows the User-Agent header to be modified. Combined with a DNS rebinding attack against the browser, and this vulnerability is exploitable against a developer running Ray who inadvertently visits a malicious website, or is served a malicious advertisement (malvertising). This issue has been patched in version 2.52.0.

Affected: PyPI: ray

# Summary

Developers working with Ray as a development tool can be exploited via a critical RCE vulnerability exploitable via Firefox and Safari.

Due to the longstanding [decision](https://docs.ray.io/en/releases-2.51.1/ray-security/index.html) by the Ray Development team to not implement any sort of authentication on critical endpoints, like the `/api/jobs` & `/api/job_agent/jobs/` has once again led to a severe vulnerability that allows attackers to execute arbitrary code against Ray. This time in a development context via the browsers Firefox and Safari.

This vulnerability is due to an insufficient guard against browser-based attacks, as the current defense uses the `User-Agent` header starting with the string "Mozilla" as a defense mechanism. This defense is insufficient as the fetch specification allows the `User-Agent` header to be modified.

Combined with a DNS rebinding attack against the browser, and this vulnerability is exploitable against a developer running Ray who inadvertently visits a malicious website, or is served a malicious advertisement ([malvertising](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malvertising)).

# Details

The mitigations implemented to protect against browser based attacks against local Ray nodes are insufficient.

## Current Mitigation Strategies

```python def is_browser_request(req: Request) -> bool: """Checks if a request is made by a browser like user agent.

This heuristic is very weak, but hard for a browser to bypass- eg, fetc…

Affected: PyPI: ray

# Summary

Developers working with Ray as a development tool can be exploited via a critical RCE vulnerability exploitable via Firefox and Safari.

Due to the longstanding [decision](https://docs.ray.io/en/releases-2.51.1/ray-security/index.html) by the Ray Development team to not implement any sort of authentication on critical endpoints, like the `/api/jobs` & `/api/job_agent/jobs/` has once again led to a severe vulnerability that allows attackers to execute arbitrary code against Ray. This time in a development context via the browsers Firefox and Safari.

This vulnerability is due to an insufficient guard against browser-based attacks, as the current defense uses the `User-Agent` header starting with the string "Mozilla" as a defense mechanism. This defense is insufficient as the fetch specification allows the `User-Agent` header to be modified.

Combined with a DNS rebinding attack against the browser, and this vulnerability is exploitable against a developer running Ray who inadvertently visits a malicious website, or is served a malicious advertisement ([malvertising](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malvertising)).

# Details

The mitigations implemented to protect against browser based attacks against local Ray nodes are insufficient.

## Current Mitigation Strategies

```python def is_browser_request(req: Request) -> bool: """Checks if a request is made by a browser like user agent.

This heuristic is very weak, but hard for a browser to bypass- eg, fe…

ray: Ray Job Submission Arbitrary Code Execution libtiff: TIFFRasterScanlineSize64 produce too-big size and could cause OOM libtiff: Segment fault in libtiff in TIFFReadRGBATileExt() leading to denial of service shadow-utils: Default subordinate ID configuration in /etc/login.defs could lead to compromise libssh: out-of-bounds read in sftp_handle() vllm: Server Side request forgery (SSRF) in MediaConnector sqlite: Integer Truncation in SQLite libtiff: LibTIFF Use-After-Free Vulnerability openssl: Out-of-bounds read & write in RFC 3211 KEK Unwrap libtiff: Libtiff Write-What-Where golang.org/x/oauth2/jws: Unexpected memory consumption during token parsing in golang.org/x/oauth2/jws golang.org/x/crypto/ssh: Denial of Service in the Key Exchange of golang.org/x/crypto/ssh runc: container escape with malicious config due to /dev/console mount and related races vim: Vim path traversial vim: Vim path traversal firefox: thunderbird: expat: libexpat in Expat allows attackers to trigger large dynamic memory allocations via a small document that is submitted for parsing vllm: Timing Attack in vLLM API Token Verification Leading to Authentication Bypass ray: Ray is vulnerable to RCE via Safari & Firefox Browsers through DNS Rebinding Attack starlette: Starlette DoS via Range header merging vllm: vLLM: Remote Code Execution via malicious model configuration