CWE-94
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.
9394 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-W6P2-83WM-QWH2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 01:41 – Updated: 2022-05-17 01:41IBM Cognos Business Intelligence (BI) 8.4.1 before IF1, 10.1 before IF2, 10.1.1 before IF2, and 10.2 before IF1 allows remote attackers to conduct XPath injection attacks, and call XPath extension functions, via unspecified vectors.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2012-4840"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2013-03-05T05:02:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "IBM Cognos Business Intelligence (BI) 8.4.1 before IF1, 10.1 before IF2, 10.1.1 before IF2, and 10.2 before IF1 allows remote attackers to conduct XPath injection attacks, and call XPath extension functions, via unspecified vectors.",
"id": "GHSA-w6p2-83wm-qwh2",
"modified": "2022-05-17T01:41:27Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T01:41:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2012-4840"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/79116"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg21626697"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg24034373"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-W6PV-F5JC-PVQC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 23:36 – Updated: 2022-05-01 23:36Multiple PHP remote file inclusion vulnerabilities in Portail Web Php 2.5.1.1 and earlier allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the site_path parameter to (1) Vert/index.php, (2) Noir/index.php, and (3) Bleu/index.php in template/, different vectors than CVE-2008-0645.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2008-1068"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2008-02-28T21:44:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Multiple PHP remote file inclusion vulnerabilities in Portail Web Php 2.5.1.1 and earlier allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the site_path parameter to (1) Vert/index.php, (2) Noir/index.php, and (3) Bleu/index.php in template/, different vectors than CVE-2008-0645.",
"id": "GHSA-w6pv-f5jc-pvqc",
"modified": "2022-05-01T23:36:24Z",
"published": "2022-05-01T23:36:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-1068"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/5182"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/27962"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-W6PV-WP3G-556Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-07-15 00:00 – Updated: 2022-07-21 00:00A local file inclusion (LFI) vulnerability in the component codemirror.php of Portal do Software Publico Brasileiro i3geo v7.0.5 allows attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a crafted HTTP request.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-32409"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-07-14T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A local file inclusion (LFI) vulnerability in the component codemirror.php of Portal do Software Publico Brasileiro i3geo v7.0.5 allows attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a crafted HTTP request.",
"id": "GHSA-w6pv-wp3g-556q",
"modified": "2022-07-21T00:00:27Z",
"published": "2022-07-15T00:00:15Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-32409"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/wagnerdracha/ProofOfConcept/blob/main/i3geo_proof_of_concept.txt"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://owasp.org/www-project-web-security-testing-guide/v42/4-Web_Application_Security_Testing/07-Input_Validation_Testing/11.1-Testing_for_Local_File_Inclusion"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-W6PW-5GH5-4952
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 04:32 – Updated: 2024-10-14 21:20python_scripts.py in Plone before 4.2.3 and 4.3 before beta 1 allows remote attackers to execute Python code via a crafted URL, related to "go_back."
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "Plone"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.2.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "Plone"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "4.3a1"
},
{
"fixed": "4.3b1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2012-5495"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-08-29T21:30:16Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2014-09-30T14:55:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "python_scripts.py in Plone before 4.2.3 and 4.3 before beta 1 allows remote attackers to execute Python code via a crafted URL, related to \"go_back.\"",
"id": "GHSA-w6pw-5gh5-4952",
"modified": "2024-10-14T21:20:03Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T04:32:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2012-5495"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/plone/Plone"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/plone/Products.CMFPlone/blob/4.2.3/docs/CHANGES.txt"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/plone/PYSEC-2014-37.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plone.org/products/plone-hotfix/releases/20121106"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plone.org/products/plone/security/advisories/20121106/11"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2012/11/10/1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Plone python code injection"
}
GHSA-W6Q9-7CPP-3PMP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-07-13 00:00 – Updated: 2022-07-13 00:00Remote Procedure Call Runtime Remote Code Execution Vulnerability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-22038"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-07-12T23:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Remote Procedure Call Runtime Remote Code Execution Vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-w6q9-7cpp-3pmp",
"modified": "2022-07-13T00:00:39Z",
"published": "2022-07-13T00:00:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-22038"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-22038"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2022-22038"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-W6R4-J5CM-C7FP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-20 12:32 – Updated: 2025-03-20 12:32A vulnerability in the upload_app function of parisneo/lollms-webui V12 (Strawberry) allows an attacker to delete any file or directory on the system. The function does not implement user input filtering with the filename value, causing a Path Traversal error.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-8581"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-22",
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-03-20T10:15:43Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in the `upload_app` function of parisneo/lollms-webui V12 (Strawberry) allows an attacker to delete any file or directory on the system. The function does not implement user input filtering with the `filename` value, causing a Path Traversal error.",
"id": "GHSA-w6r4-j5cm-c7fp",
"modified": "2025-03-20T12:32:48Z",
"published": "2025-03-20T12:32:48Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-8581"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/parisneo/lollms-webui/commit/dcc078cbe20d2a9640b0942a622134b0e3fa6e48"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://huntr.com/bounties/67ead5b9-8149-4001-a1cd-ac648cb7b414"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-W6RG-F6C3-MJ53
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-04 00:29 – Updated: 2025-04-11 04:17op5config/welcome in system-op5config before 2.0.3 in op5 Monitor and op5 Appliance before 5.5.3 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via shell metacharacters in the password parameter.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2012-0262"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2013-12-31T20:55:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "op5config/welcome in system-op5config before 2.0.3 in op5 Monitor and op5 Appliance before 5.5.3 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via shell metacharacters in the password parameter.",
"id": "GHSA-w6rg-f6c3-mj53",
"modified": "2025-04-11T04:17:33Z",
"published": "2022-05-04T00:29:02Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2012-0262"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugs.op5.com/view.php?id=5094"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2012/Jan/62"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/47417"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.ekelow.se/file_uploads/Advisories/ekelow-aid-2012-01.pdf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.op5.com/news/support-news/fixed-vulnerabilities-op5-monitor-op5-appliance"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.osvdb.org/78065"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-W6W5-X32X-CG2W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 04:31 – Updated: 2022-05-17 04:31The XMonad.Hooks.DynamicLog module in xmonad-contrib before 0.11.2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via a web page title, which activates the commands when the user clicks on the xmobar window title, as demonstrated using an action tag.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2013-1436"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2014-10-06T23:55:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The XMonad.Hooks.DynamicLog module in xmonad-contrib before 0.11.2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via a web page title, which activates the commands when the user clicks on the xmobar window title, as demonstrated using an action tag.",
"id": "GHSA-w6w5-x32x-cg2w",
"modified": "2022-05-17T04:31:37Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T04:31:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2013-1436"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://handra.rampa.sk/dawb/patch?repoPURL=http%3A%2F%2Fcode.haskell.org%2FXMonadContrib\u0026repoPHash=20130708144813-1499c-0c3e284d3523c0694b9423714081761813bc1e89"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://security.gentoo.org/glsa/glsa-201405-28.xml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2013/07/26/5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/61491"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-W727-8J6C-2RJ4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-03 19:03 – Updated: 2026-09-03 19:03Summary
Orval's zod schema generation emits a schema's default value as a module-level template literal (export const …Default =;) without escaping ${ or the backtick. A default of the form v${<code>}w injects a live JavaScript expression that is evaluated when the generated zod schema module is imported, executing attacker-controlled code at import — no request or function call needed. Verified on Orval 8.19.0; survives default OpenAPI validation.
Details
export const getIResponseDsDefault = `v${globalThis.ORVPWN()}w`;
${...} permits an arbitrary JS expression. Orval escapes its other value sinks (enum, mock, regex, object-default values) with \' inside single-quoted strings; the string default is the one value emitted as a backtick template literal, so ${...}/backtick are interpreted, not escaped. Distinct from the URL-template-literal cases (different field and sink) and from the published Orval CVEs (summary/MCP, x-enumDescriptions, const/mock).
PoC
reproduce.sh (+ make_spec.py) attached: generates the zod schema with default validation, bundles it, imports it, and shows a marker written at import. Verified on 8.19.0.
Impact
Code execution at import in any application that imports a zod schema module generated from an attacker-controlled or attacker-influenced OpenAPI description.
Suggested fix
Emit default values via a proper string-literal encoder (JSON.stringify, or escape backtick and ${ if a template literal must be used); never interpolate a spec value into a template literal.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "orval"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "8.21.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-72717"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-116",
"CWE-1336",
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-09-03T19:03:03Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-19T18:17:25Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "### Summary\n\nOrval\u0027s zod schema generation emits a schema\u0027s `default` value as a module-level template literal (`export const \u2026Default = `\u003cdefault\u003e`;`) without escaping `${` or the backtick. A default of the form `v${\u003ccode\u003e}w` injects a live JavaScript expression that is evaluated when the generated zod schema module is imported, executing attacker-controlled code at import \u2014 no request or function call needed. Verified on Orval 8.19.0; survives default OpenAPI validation.\n\n### Details\n\n```ts\nexport const getIResponseDsDefault = `v${globalThis.ORVPWN()}w`;\n```\n\n`${...}` permits an arbitrary JS expression. Orval escapes its other value sinks (enum, mock, regex, object-default values) with `\\\u0027` inside single-quoted strings; the string `default` is the one value emitted as a backtick template literal, so `${...}`/backtick are interpreted, not escaped. Distinct from the URL-template-literal cases (different field and sink) and from the published Orval CVEs (summary/MCP, x-enumDescriptions, const/mock).\n\n### PoC\n\n`reproduce.sh` (+ `make_spec.py`) attached: generates the zod schema with default validation, bundles it, imports it, and shows a marker written at import. Verified on 8.19.0.\n\n### Impact\n\nCode execution at import in any application that imports a zod schema module generated from an attacker-controlled or attacker-influenced OpenAPI description.\n\n### Suggested fix\n\nEmit `default` values via a proper string-literal encoder (JSON.stringify, or escape backtick and ${ if a template literal must be used); never interpolate a spec value into a template literal. \n\n[maintainer-report.txt](https://github.com/user-attachments/files/29399048/maintainer-report.txt)\n[make_spec.py](https://github.com/user-attachments/files/29399049/make_spec.py)\n[reproduce.sh](https://github.com/user-attachments/files/29399050/reproduce.sh)",
"id": "GHSA-w727-8j6c-2rj4",
"modified": "2026-09-03T19:03:03Z",
"published": "2026-09-03T19:03:03Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/orval-labs/orval/security/advisories/GHSA-w727-8j6c-2rj4"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-72717"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/orval-labs/orval/pull/3692"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/orval-labs/orval/commit/8ef1bfdf3f9bcaf9dabfbe2e42887f1c0e159ab6"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/orval-labs/orval"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/orval-labs/orval/releases/tag/v8.21.0"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Orval: Import-time RCE via schema default -\u003e zod module-level template literal"
}
GHSA-W739-R6V2-X43X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 07:05 – Updated: 2022-05-01 07:05Multiple PHP remote file inclusion vulnerabilities in phpCMS 1.2.1pl2 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the PHPCMS_INCLUDEPATH parameter to files in parser/include/ including (1) class.parser_phpcms.php, (2) class.session_phpcms.php, (3) class.edit_phpcms.php, (4) class.http_indexer_phpcms.php, (5) class.cache_phpcms.php, (6) class.search_phpcms.php, (7) class.lib_indexer_universal_phpcms.php, and (8) class.layout_phpcms.php, (9) parser/plugs/counter.php, and (10) parser/parser.php. NOTE: the class.cache_phpcms.php vector was also reported to affect 1.1.7.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2006-3019"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2006-06-15T10:02:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple PHP remote file inclusion vulnerabilities in phpCMS 1.2.1pl2 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the PHPCMS_INCLUDEPATH parameter to files in parser/include/ including (1) class.parser_phpcms.php, (2) class.session_phpcms.php, (3) class.edit_phpcms.php, (4) class.http_indexer_phpcms.php, (5) class.cache_phpcms.php, (6) class.search_phpcms.php, (7) class.lib_indexer_universal_phpcms.php, and (8) class.layout_phpcms.php, (9) parser/plugs/counter.php, and (10) parser/parser.php. NOTE: the class.cache_phpcms.php vector was also reported to affect 1.1.7.",
"id": "GHSA-w739-r6v2-x43x",
"modified": "2022-05-01T07:05:00Z",
"published": "2022-05-01T07:05:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2006-3019"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/27067"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/20573"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://securityreason.com/securityalert/1106"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.osvdb.org/26388"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.osvdb.org/26389"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.osvdb.org/26390"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.osvdb.org/26391"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.osvdb.org/26392"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.osvdb.org/26393"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.osvdb.org/26394"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.osvdb.org/26395"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.osvdb.org/26396"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.osvdb.org/26397"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/436893/100/0/threaded"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/455302/100/0/threaded"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/21768"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2006/2302"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
Mitigation
Strategy: Refactoring
Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.
Mitigation
- Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
- Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
Mitigation
Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
Mitigation MIT-32
Strategy: Compilation or Build Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation MIT-32
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation
For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].
CAPEC-242: Code Injection
An adversary exploits a weakness in input validation on the target to inject new code into that which is currently executing. This differs from code inclusion in that code inclusion involves the addition or replacement of a reference to a code file, which is subsequently loaded by the target and used as part of the code of some application.
CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files
An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.
CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables
This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.