CWE-863
Allowed-with-ReviewIncorrect Authorization
Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete
The product performs an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action, but it does not correctly perform the check.
7172 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-R6QF-8968-WJ9Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-09 19:54 – Updated: 2026-03-30 13:30OpenClaw's system.run dispatch-wrapper handling applied different depth-boundary rules to shell-wrapper approval detection and execution planning.
With exactly four transparent dispatch wrappers such as repeated env invocations before /bin/sh -c, the approval classifier could stop treating the command as a shell wrapper at the depth boundary while execution planning still unwrapped through to the shell payload. In security=allowlist mode, that mismatch could skip the expected approval-required path for the shell wrapper invocation.
Latest published npm version: 2026.3.2
Fixed on main on March 7, 2026 in 2fc95a7cfc1eb9306356510b0251b6d51fb1c0b0 by keeping shell-wrapper classification active at the configured dispatch depth boundary and only failing closed beyond that boundary. This aligns approval gating with the execution plan. Legitimate shallow dispatch-wrapper usage continues to work.
Affected Packages / Versions
- Package:
openclaw(npm) - Affected versions:
<= 2026.3.2 - Patched version:
>= 2026.3.7
Fix Commit(s)
2fc95a7cfc1eb9306356510b0251b6d51fb1c0b0
Release Process Note
npm 2026.3.7 was published on March 8, 2026. This advisory is fixed in the released package.
Thanks @tdjackey for reporting.
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2026.3.2"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "openclaw"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2026.3.7"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-27183"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-436",
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-09T19:54:25Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-23T22:16:25Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "OpenClaw\u0027s `system.run` dispatch-wrapper handling applied different depth-boundary rules to shell-wrapper approval detection and execution planning.\n\nWith exactly four transparent dispatch wrappers such as repeated `env` invocations before `/bin/sh -c`, the approval classifier could stop treating the command as a shell wrapper at the depth boundary while execution planning still unwrapped through to the shell payload. In `security=allowlist` mode, that mismatch could skip the expected approval-required path for the shell wrapper invocation.\n\nLatest published npm version: `2026.3.2`\n\nFixed on `main` on March 7, 2026 in `2fc95a7cfc1eb9306356510b0251b6d51fb1c0b0` by keeping shell-wrapper classification active at the configured dispatch depth boundary and only failing closed beyond that boundary. This aligns approval gating with the execution plan. Legitimate shallow dispatch-wrapper usage continues to work.\n\n## Affected Packages / Versions\n\n- Package: `openclaw` (npm)\n- Affected versions: `\u003c= 2026.3.2`\n- Patched version: `\u003e= 2026.3.7`\n\n## Fix Commit(s)\n\n- `2fc95a7cfc1eb9306356510b0251b6d51fb1c0b0`\n\n## Release Process Note\n\nnpm `2026.3.7` was published on March 8, 2026. This advisory is fixed in the released package.\n\nThanks @tdjackey for reporting.",
"id": "GHSA-r6qf-8968-wj9q",
"modified": "2026-03-30T13:30:28Z",
"published": "2026-03-09T19:54:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-r6qf-8968-wj9q"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-27183"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/2fc95a7cfc1eb9306356510b0251b6d51fb1c0b0"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/releases/tag/v2026.3.7"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-mar-shell-approval-gating-bypass-via-dispatch-wrapper-depth-mismatch"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "OpenClaw: system.run wrapper-depth boundary could skip shell approval gating"
}
GHSA-R6QW-CX64-86RX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:16 – Updated: 2022-07-13 00:01ACINQ Eclair before 0.6.3 allows loss of funds because of dust HTLC exposure.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-41591"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-10-04T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "ACINQ Eclair before 0.6.3 allows loss of funds because of dust HTLC exposure.",
"id": "GHSA-r6qw-cx64-86rx",
"modified": "2022-07-13T00:01:42Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:16:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-41591"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ACINQ/eclair/pull/1985"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bitcoinmagazine.com/technical/good-griefing-a-lingering-vulnerability-on-lightning-network-that-still-needs-fixing"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.linuxfoundation.org/pipermail/lightning-dev/2020-May/002714.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.linuxfoundation.org/pipermail/lightning-dev/2021-October/003257.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R6WF-4RWV-GF97
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-29 09:31 – Updated: 2026-07-29 09:31Apache Traffic Server mis-parses ports in URLs and userinfo, allowing port-based access-control bypass.
This issue affects Apache Traffic Server: from 8.0.0 through 8.1.9, from 9.0.0 through 9.2.14, from 10.0.0 through 10.1.3.
Users are recommended to upgrade to version 9.2.15 or 10.1.4, which fix the issue.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-58156"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-29T09:16:30Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Apache Traffic Server mis-parses ports in URLs and userinfo, allowing port-based access-control bypass.\n\nThis issue affects Apache Traffic Server: from 8.0.0 through 8.1.9, from 9.0.0 through 9.2.14, from 10.0.0 through 10.1.3.\n\nUsers are recommended to upgrade to version 9.2.15 or 10.1.4, which fix the issue.",
"id": "GHSA-r6wf-4rwv-gf97",
"modified": "2026-07-29T09:31:30Z",
"published": "2026-07-29T09:31:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-58156"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/5prl9glcm9g2swnq9hqxvnokylm1gr6d"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-R72G-8WQ6-6M7W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-16 21:32 – Updated: 2026-09-16 21:32Shlink through 5.1.6 fails to enforce API key role restrictions when issuing Mercure subscription tokens, allowing restricted keys to subscribe to all topics. Attackers with author-only or domain-only keys can access the mercure-info endpoint to receive visit data including referrer, user agent, geolocation, and full short URL objects for URLs outside their authorization boundary.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-92760"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-16T21:17:24Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Shlink through 5.1.6 fails to enforce API key role restrictions when issuing Mercure subscription tokens, allowing restricted keys to subscribe to all topics. Attackers with author-only or domain-only keys can access the mercure-info endpoint to receive visit data including referrer, user agent, geolocation, and full short URL objects for URLs outside their authorization boundary.",
"id": "GHSA-r72g-8wq6-6m7w",
"modified": "2026-09-16T21:32:53Z",
"published": "2026-09-16T21:32:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-92760"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/shlinkio/shlink/issues/2633"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/shlinkio/shlink"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/shlinkio/shlink-common/blob/main/src/Mercure/LcobucciJwtProvider.php#L38-L41"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/shlinkio/shlink/blob/v5.1.6/module/Rest/src/Action/MercureInfoAction.php#L26-L42"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/shlink-through-5.1.6-mercure-token-authorization-bypass"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-R72P-XJ9G-6PQM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-14 12:31 – Updated: 2026-09-14 21:31Incorrect Authorization vulnerability in Apache Doris allows an authenticated user to bypass privilege checks and access data they are not authorized to read, resulting in unauthorized disclosure of information.
This issue affects Apache Doris: from 2.0.0 through 2.1., from 3.0.0 through 3.0., from 4.0.0 before 4.0.8, and from 4.1.0 before 4.1.4.
Users are recommended to upgrade to a fixed release (4.0.8 or 4.1.4), which fixes the issue.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-68570"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-14T10:17:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Incorrect Authorization vulnerability in Apache Doris allows an authenticated user to bypass privilege checks and access data they are not authorized to read, resulting in unauthorized disclosure of information.\n\n\n\nThis issue affects Apache Doris: from 2.0.0 through 2.1.*, from 3.0.0 through 3.0.*, from 4.0.0 before 4.0.8, and from 4.1.0 before 4.1.4.\n\n\n\nUsers are recommended to upgrade to a fixed release (4.0.8 or 4.1.4), which fixes the issue.",
"id": "GHSA-r72p-xj9g-6pqm",
"modified": "2026-09-14T21:31:35Z",
"published": "2026-09-14T12:31:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-68570"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/rp2gr6d7rb4y8slxh3fojmhb1rl5ms03"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/09/14/2"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R75C-5VVP-MRG6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-13 21:30 – Updated: 2025-05-13 21:30ColdFusion versions 2025.1, 2023.13, 2021.19 and earlier are affected by an Incorrect Authorization vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. A high-privileged attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass authentication mechanisms and execute code. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction and scope is changed.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-43561"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-05-13T21:16:15Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "ColdFusion versions 2025.1, 2023.13, 2021.19 and earlier are affected by an Incorrect Authorization vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. A high-privileged attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass authentication mechanisms and execute code. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction and scope is changed.",
"id": "GHSA-r75c-5vvp-mrg6",
"modified": "2025-05-13T21:30:57Z",
"published": "2025-05-13T21:30:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-43561"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/coldfusion/apsb25-52.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R76X-CW2M-H5MF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-11 00:00 – Updated: 2025-01-02 21:31Windows Print Spooler Information Disclosure Vulnerability. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2022-29140.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-29114"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-05-10T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Windows Print Spooler Information Disclosure Vulnerability. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2022-29140.",
"id": "GHSA-r76x-cw2m-h5mf",
"modified": "2025-01-02T21:31:34Z",
"published": "2022-05-11T00:00:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-29114"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-29114"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2022-29114"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R78Q-QGX6-64PP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:07 – Updated: 2022-12-19 21:13Jenkins includes a feature that shows a JVM memory usage chart for the Jenkins controller.
Access to the chart in Jenkins 2.218 and earlier, LTS 2.204.1 and earlier requires no permissions beyond the general Overall/Read, allowing users who are not administrators to view JVM memory usage data.
Jenkins 2.219, LTS 2.204.2 now requires Overall/Administer permissions to view the JVM memory usage chart.
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2.204.1"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.jenkins-ci.main:jenkins-core"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.204.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2.218"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.jenkins-ci.main:jenkins-core"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.205"
},
{
"fixed": "2.219"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-2104"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-285",
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-12-19T21:13:29Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2020-01-29T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Jenkins includes a feature that shows a JVM memory usage chart for the Jenkins controller.\n\nAccess to the chart in Jenkins 2.218 and earlier, LTS 2.204.1 and earlier requires no permissions beyond the general Overall/Read, allowing users who are not administrators to view JVM memory usage data.\n\nJenkins 2.219, LTS 2.204.2 now requires Overall/Administer permissions to view the JVM memory usage chart.",
"id": "GHSA-r78q-qgx6-64pp",
"modified": "2022-12-19T21:13:29Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:07:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-2104"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/jenkins/commit/7d44836fad0f49341ae2a61de06dbb556014a2df"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHBA-2020:0402"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHBA-2020:0675"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2020:0681"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2020:0683"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/jenkins"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jenkins.io/security/advisory/2020-01-29/#SECURITY-1650"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2020/01/29/1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Memory usage graphs accessible to anyone with Overall/Read"
}
GHSA-R7HV-2FGC-3QJ2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-09-19 18:30 – Updated: 2024-09-19 18:30In JetBrains YouTrack before 2024.3.44799 user without appropriate permissions could restore workflows attached to a project
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-47159"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-09-19T18:15:09Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In JetBrains YouTrack before 2024.3.44799 user without appropriate permissions could restore workflows attached to a project",
"id": "GHSA-r7hv-2fgc-3qj2",
"modified": "2024-09-19T18:30:52Z",
"published": "2024-09-19T18:30:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-47159"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.jetbrains.com/privacy-security/issues-fixed"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R7MC-98MX-P9M8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-09 03:30 – Updated: 2026-09-09 18:31Incorrect authorization in ServiceWorker in Google Chrome prior to 153.0.8010.36 allowed a remote attacker to bypass web origin policy via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-87598"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-09T01:17:17Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Incorrect authorization in ServiceWorker in Google Chrome prior to 153.0.8010.36 allowed a remote attacker to bypass web origin policy via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)",
"id": "GHSA-r7mc-98mx-p9m8",
"modified": "2026-09-09T18:31:51Z",
"published": "2026-09-09T03:30:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-87598"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/09/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_0808145027.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/499218516"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
- Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) [REF-229] to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
- Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.
Mitigation
Ensure that access control checks are performed related to the business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that are applied to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor [REF-7].
Mitigation MIT-4.4
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].
Mitigation
- For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
- One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.
Mitigation
Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.