CWE-862
Allowed-with-ReviewMissing Authorization
Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete
The product does not perform an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.
18003 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-RH29-F327-4HGQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-07 12:31 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:33Missing Authorization vulnerability in DeannaS Embed RSS allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels. This issue affects Embed RSS: from n/a through 3.1.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-25081"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-07T10:15:13Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in DeannaS Embed RSS allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels. This issue affects Embed RSS: from n/a through 3.1.",
"id": "GHSA-rh29-f327-4hgq",
"modified": "2026-04-01T18:33:34Z",
"published": "2025-02-07T12:31:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-25081"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/embed-rss/vulnerability/wordpress-embed-rss-plugin-3-1-arbitrary-shortcode-execution-vulnerability-2?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RH3P-JX4J-WJ9V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-02 18:30 – Updated: 2026-04-08 18:33The MailerLite – Signup forms (official) plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized plugin setting changes due to a missing capability check on the toggleRolesAndPermissions and editAllowedRolesAndPermissions functions in all versions up to, and including, 1.7.6. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to allow lower level users to modify forms.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-2797"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-02T17:15:19Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The MailerLite \u2013 Signup forms (official) plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized plugin setting changes due to a missing capability check on the toggleRolesAndPermissions and editAllowedRolesAndPermissions functions in all versions up to, and including, 1.7.6. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to allow lower level users to modify forms.",
"id": "GHSA-rh3p-jx4j-wj9v",
"modified": "2026-04-08T18:33:04Z",
"published": "2024-05-02T18:30:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-2797"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/official-mailerlite-sign-up-forms/trunk/src/Admin/Actions.php#L41"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3070584/official-mailerlite-sign-up-forms/trunk?contextall=1\u0026old=3045803\u0026old_path=%2Fofficial-mailerlite-sign-up-forms%2Ftrunk"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/a03b4c19-85fa-47ad-b9ae-b466f8e5ca96?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RH44-7W5Q-MCQG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-10-15 12:01 – Updated: 2022-10-18 12:00In Music service, there is a missing permission check. This could lead to local denial of service in Music service with no additional execution privileges needed.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-39112"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-10-14T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In Music service, there is a missing permission check. This could lead to local denial of service in Music service with no additional execution privileges needed.",
"id": "GHSA-rh44-7w5q-mcqg",
"modified": "2022-10-18T12:00:32Z",
"published": "2022-10-15T12:01:08Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-39112"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.unisoc.com/en_us/secy/announcementDetail/1575654905820020738"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RH53-XVX2-J327
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-04 21:41 – Updated: 2026-09-04 21:41Summary
The OpenChoreo control-plane cluster-gateway exposes internal management APIs (/api/proxy/, /api/exec/, /api/wirelogs/) that tunnel requests through to connected data planes' Kubernetes APIs, but the internal listener authenticates no caller. Its request validator permits mutating HTTP methods and reads of Secrets in tenant namespaces (only kube-system Secrets are blocked), so although the client library documents these requests as "read-only," the server enforces no such restriction. Any party able to reach the internal listener can — with no client certificate or token — read Secrets in any tenant namespace, create/modify/delete workloads, and exec into pods across every connected data plane.
Impact
An attacker with network access to the cluster-gateway internal listener obtains tunneled access to every connected data plane's Kubernetes API with no caller-level access control. Across all connected data planes, this allows:
- Secret disclosure — reading any Secret outside
kube-systemin any tenant namespace (database credentials, cloud/KMS keys, TLS private keys), independent of any workload ServiceAccount permissions. - Workload tampering or destruction — creating, modifying, or deleting Deployments, Services, and other resources.
- Pod command execution inside workload pods via
/api/exec/.
This is also the missing second authorization layer behind GHSA-52gf-6rpq-fgmx (the openchoreo-api exec/wirelogs cross-project authorization bypass): because the gateway provides no compensating authorization, that bypass — and any other authz gap or SSRF that reaches the internal API — reaches the data-plane Kubernetes API unchecked.
Direct exploitability depends on the network isolation of the internal listener, which is not fixed in source. Where the internal port is reachable by untrusted workloads with no restrictive NetworkPolicy — and with impact landing in a separate data-plane cluster — this is Critical; it is scored conservatively as High otherwise.
Patches
Fixed in 1.0.3, 1.1.3, and 1.2.0. Upgrade path: 1.1.x → 1.1.2, 1.0.x and earlier → 1.0.2, 1.2.0-rc1 line → 1.2.0.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/openchoreo/openchoreo"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.0.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/openchoreo/openchoreo"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.1.0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.1.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c 1.2.0-rc.2"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/openchoreo/openchoreo"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.2.0-rc.1"
},
{
"fixed": "1.2.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-73842"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-269",
"CWE-306",
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-09-04T21:41:38Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-13T22:17:29Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "### Summary\n\nThe OpenChoreo control-plane cluster-gateway exposes internal management APIs (`/api/proxy/`, `/api/exec/`, `/api/wirelogs/`) that tunnel requests through to connected data planes\u0027 Kubernetes APIs, but the internal listener authenticates no caller. Its request validator permits mutating HTTP methods and reads of Secrets in tenant namespaces (only kube-system Secrets are blocked), so although the client library documents these requests as \"read-only,\" the server enforces no such restriction. Any party able to reach the internal listener can \u2014 with no client certificate or token \u2014 read Secrets in any tenant namespace, create/modify/delete workloads, and exec into pods across every connected data plane.\n\n### Impact\n\nAn attacker with network access to the cluster-gateway internal listener obtains tunneled access to every connected data plane\u0027s Kubernetes API with no caller-level access control. Across all connected data planes, this allows:\n\n- Secret disclosure \u2014 reading any Secret outside `kube-system` in any tenant namespace (database credentials, cloud/KMS keys, TLS private keys), independent of any workload ServiceAccount permissions.\n- Workload tampering or destruction \u2014 creating, modifying, or deleting Deployments, Services, and other resources.\n- Pod command execution inside workload pods via `/api/exec/`.\n\nThis is also the missing second authorization layer behind GHSA-52gf-6rpq-fgmx (the openchoreo-api exec/wirelogs cross-project authorization bypass): because the gateway provides no compensating authorization, that bypass \u2014 and any other authz gap or SSRF that reaches the internal API \u2014 reaches the data-plane Kubernetes API unchecked.\n\nDirect exploitability depends on the network isolation of the internal listener, which is not fixed in source. Where the internal port is reachable by untrusted workloads with no restrictive NetworkPolicy \u2014 and with impact landing in a separate data-plane cluster \u2014 this is Critical; it is scored conservatively as High otherwise.\n\n### Patches\n\nFixed in 1.0.3, 1.1.3, and 1.2.0. Upgrade path: 1.1.x \u2192 1.1.2, 1.0.x and earlier \u2192 1.0.2, 1.2.0-rc1 line \u2192 1.2.0.",
"id": "GHSA-rh53-xvx2-j327",
"modified": "2026-09-04T21:41:39Z",
"published": "2026-09-04T21:41:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openchoreo/openchoreo/security/advisories/GHSA-rh53-xvx2-j327"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-73842"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openchoreo/openchoreo/pull/4256"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openchoreo/openchoreo/pull/4258"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openchoreo/openchoreo/pull/4259"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openchoreo/openchoreo/commit/50fcae3f1753fd0ac3ae655a3fc080a761c49c04"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openchoreo/openchoreo/commit/93e6f10953cfc249af2222ddb6730d4b0a729129"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openchoreo/openchoreo/commit/e3da3c63dcf0895c693cb17ce142ef95e959b62a"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/openchoreo/openchoreo"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openchoreo/openchoreo/releases/tag/v1.0.3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openchoreo/openchoreo/releases/tag/v1.1.3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openchoreo/openchoreo/releases/tag/v1.2.0-rc.2"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "OpenChoreo: cluster-gateway internal proxy performs no caller authentication and is not read-only \u2014 data-plane Secret disclosure and arbitrary Kubernetes mutation"
}
GHSA-RH58-Q787-Q9GQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-26 18:31 – Updated: 2026-08-26 18:31The Eventin WordPress plugin before 4.1.19 does not properly restrict which changes a guest checkout token is allowed to authorise on an order, allowing unauthenticated users to mark their own unpaid order as completed and be issued a valid paid ticket with no payment taken.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-77694"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-26T06:16:29Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Eventin WordPress plugin before 4.1.19 does not properly restrict which changes a guest checkout token is allowed to authorise on an order, allowing unauthenticated users to mark their own unpaid order as completed and be issued a valid paid ticket with no payment taken.",
"id": "GHSA-rh58-q787-q9gq",
"modified": "2026-08-26T18:31:53Z",
"published": "2026-08-26T18:31:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-77694"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wpscan.com/vulnerability/2670eac4-b630-4546-9b56-f19feabfa550"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RH69-24X3-3WF7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-01 15:31 – Updated: 2024-11-01 15:31Missing Authorization vulnerability in Tyche Softwares Arconix FAQ allows Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs.This issue affects Arconix FAQ: from n/a through 1.9.4.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-38783"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-11-01T15:15:35Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Tyche Softwares Arconix FAQ allows Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs.This issue affects Arconix FAQ: from n/a through 1.9.4.",
"id": "GHSA-rh69-24x3-3wf7",
"modified": "2024-11-01T15:31:58Z",
"published": "2024-11-01T15:31:58Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-38783"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/arconix-faq/wordpress-arconix-faq-plugin-1-9-4-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RH97-2GQ2-WWV2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-15 21:30 – Updated: 2026-06-15 21:30Subscriber Broken Access Control in Classified Listing <= 5.3.9 versions.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-42651"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-15T21:16:54Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Subscriber Broken Access Control in Classified Listing \u003c= 5.3.9 versions.",
"id": "GHSA-rh97-2gq2-wwv2",
"modified": "2026-06-15T21:30:47Z",
"published": "2026-06-15T21:30:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-42651"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/classified-listing/vulnerability/wordpress-classified-listing-plugin-5-3-9-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RH9W-MH4F-P3X9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-14 12:30 – Updated: 2023-03-14 12:30A vulnerability has been identified in RUGGEDCOM CROSSBOW (All versions < V5.2). The client query handler of the affected application fails to check for proper permissions for specific write queries. This could allow an authenticated remote attacker to perform unauthorized actions.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-27309"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-03-14T10:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been identified in RUGGEDCOM CROSSBOW (All versions \u003c V5.2). The client query handler of the affected application fails to check for proper permissions for specific write queries. This could allow an authenticated remote attacker to perform unauthorized actions.",
"id": "GHSA-rh9w-mh4f-p3x9",
"modified": "2023-03-14T12:30:46Z",
"published": "2023-03-14T12:30:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-27309"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-260625.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RHC6-CCW5-JW98
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-06 09:30 – Updated: 2026-02-06 09:30The OAuth Single Sign On – SSO (OAuth Client) plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access in all versions up to, and including, 6.26.14. This is due to missing capability checks and authentication verification on the OAuth redirect functionality accessible via the 'oauthredirect' option parameter. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to set the global redirect URL option via the redirect_url parameter granted they can access the site directly.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-10753"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-06T07:16:10Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The OAuth Single Sign On \u2013 SSO (OAuth Client) plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access in all versions up to, and including, 6.26.14. This is due to missing capability checks and authentication verification on the OAuth redirect functionality accessible via the \u0027oauthredirect\u0027 option parameter. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to set the global redirect URL option via the redirect_url parameter granted they can access the site directly.",
"id": "GHSA-rhc6-ccw5-jw98",
"modified": "2026-02-06T09:30:28Z",
"published": "2026-02-06T09:30:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-10753"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/miniorange-login-with-eve-online-google-facebook/tags/6.26.12/class-mooauth-widget.php#L260"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=\u0026reponame=\u0026old=3399223%40miniorange-login-with-eve-online-google-facebook\u0026new=3399223%40miniorange-login-with-eve-online-google-facebook\u0026sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail="
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/915e1a6e-ad9c-4849-8ae0-3ded18720a1f?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RHCH-5MH3-C72W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-12 09:30 – Updated: 2025-11-12 09:30The Booking Calendar | Appointment Booking | Bookit plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data due to a missing capability check on the '/wp-json/bookit/v1/commerce/stripe/return' REST API Endpoint in all versions up to, and including, 2.5.0. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to connect their Stripe account and receive payments.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-12633"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-11-12T08:15:41Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The Booking Calendar | Appointment Booking | Bookit plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data due to a missing capability check on the \u0027/wp-json/bookit/v1/commerce/stripe/return\u0027 REST API Endpoint in all versions up to, and including, 2.5.0. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to connect their Stripe account and receive payments.",
"id": "GHSA-rhch-5mh3-c72w",
"modified": "2025-11-12T09:30:26Z",
"published": "2025-11-12T09:30:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-12633"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3393159/bookit/tags/2.5.1/src/Bookit/Gateways/StripeConnect/REST/Return_Endpoint.php?old=3121677\u0026old_path=bookit%2Ftags%2F2.5.0%2Fsrc%2FBookit%2FGateways%2FStripeConnect%2FREST%2FReturn_Endpoint.php"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/2263d356-b2ed-4e16-98ee-b01d4274d1d9?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
- Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) [REF-229] to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
- Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.
Mitigation
Ensure that access control checks are performed related to the business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that are applied to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor [REF-7].
Mitigation MIT-4.4
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].
Mitigation
- For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
- One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.
Mitigation
Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.
CAPEC-665: Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws
An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.