CWE-80
AllowedImproper Neutralization of Script-Related HTML Tags in a Web Page (Basic XSS)
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Incomplete
The product receives input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special characters such as "<", ">", and "&" that could be interpreted as web-scripting elements when they are sent to a downstream component that processes web pages.
1006 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-RH9M-3JJG-79RV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-26 15:30 – Updated: 2025-12-26 15:30IBM Aspera Faspex 5 5.0.0 through 5.0.14.1 is vulnerable to HTML injection. A remote attacker could inject malicious HTML code, which when viewed, would be executed in the victim's Web browser within the security context of the hosting site.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-36230"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-80"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-26T15:15:46Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "IBM Aspera Faspex 5 5.0.0 through 5.0.14.1 is vulnerable to HTML injection. A remote attacker could inject malicious HTML code, which when viewed, would be executed in the victim\u0027s Web browser within the security context of the hosting site.",
"id": "GHSA-rh9m-3jjg-79rv",
"modified": "2025-12-26T15:30:17Z",
"published": "2025-12-26T15:30:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-36230"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7255331"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RJH9-46C2-6H7F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-06 21:14 – Updated: 2024-02-01 18:31There is an HTML injection vulnerability in Esri Portal for ArcGIS versions 11.0 and below that may allow a remote, authenticated attacker to create a crafted link which when clicked could render arbitrary HTML in the victim’s browser (no stateful change made or customer data rendered).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-25833"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-79",
"CWE-80"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-05-10T02:15:08Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "There is an HTML injection vulnerability in Esri Portal for ArcGIS versions 11.0 and below that may allow a remote, authenticated attacker to create a crafted link which when clicked could render arbitrary HTML in the victim\u2019s browser (no stateful change made or customer data rendered).",
"id": "GHSA-rjh9-46c2-6h7f",
"modified": "2024-02-01T18:31:06Z",
"published": "2023-07-06T21:14:55Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-25833"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.esri.com/en-us/patches-updates/2023/portal-for-arcgis-security-2023-update-1-patch-8095"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.esri.com/arcgis-blog/products/trust-arcgis/administration/portal-for-arcgis-security-2023-update-1-patch-is-now-available"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RM6J-M6W6-Q2Q3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-11-03 12:00 – Updated: 2023-01-26 21:30A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, was found in Webmin. Affected is an unknown function of the file xterm/index.cgi. The manipulation leads to basic cross site scripting. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The name of the patch is d3d33af3c0c3fd3a889c84e287a038b7a457d811. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. VDB-212862 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-3844"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-74",
"CWE-79",
"CWE-80"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-11-02T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, was found in Webmin. Affected is an unknown function of the file xterm/index.cgi. The manipulation leads to basic cross site scripting. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The name of the patch is d3d33af3c0c3fd3a889c84e287a038b7a457d811. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. VDB-212862 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-rm6j-m6w6-q2q3",
"modified": "2023-01-26T21:30:23Z",
"published": "2022-11-03T12:00:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-3844"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/webmin/webmin/commit/d3d33af3c0c3fd3a889c84e287a038b7a457d811"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/webmin/webmin/releases/tag/2.003"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.212862"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.212862"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RP64-RC76-XRQ5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-28 15:31 – Updated: 2025-02-28 15:31It is possible to inject HTML code into the page content using the "content" field in the "Application definition" page.
This issue affects CyberArk Endpoint Privilege Manager in SaaS version 24.7.1. The status of other versions is unknown. After multiple attempts to contact the vendor we did not receive any answer.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-22274"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-80"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-28T13:15:28Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "It is possible to inject HTML code into the page content using the \"content\" field in the \"Application definition\" page.\n\n\nThis issue affects\u00a0CyberArk Endpoint Privilege Manager in SaaS version 24.7.1. The status of other versions is unknown.\u00a0After multiple attempts to contact the vendor we did not receive any answer.",
"id": "GHSA-rp64-rc76-xrq5",
"modified": "2025-02-28T15:31:03Z",
"published": "2025-02-28T15:31:03Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-22274"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert.pl/en/posts/2025/02/CVE-2025-22270"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert.pl/posts/2025/02/CVE-2025-22270"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.cyberark.com/epm/24.7.1/en/content/resources/_topnav/cc_home.htm"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:A/VC:N/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-RRG4-8849-QVHV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-14 12:30 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:35Improper Neutralization of Script-Related HTML Tags in a Web Page (Basic XSS) vulnerability in RadiusTheme Classified Listing allows Code Injection. This issue affects Classified Listing: from n/a through 5.0.0.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-54698"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-80"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-14T11:15:51Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Improper Neutralization of Script-Related HTML Tags in a Web Page (Basic XSS) vulnerability in RadiusTheme Classified Listing allows Code Injection. This issue affects Classified Listing: from n/a through 5.0.0.",
"id": "GHSA-rrg4-8849-qvhv",
"modified": "2026-04-01T18:35:51Z",
"published": "2025-08-14T12:30:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54698"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/classified-listing/vulnerability/wordpress-classified-listing-plugin-plugin-5-0-0-content-injection-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RRVC-C7XG-7CF3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-06 21:36 – Updated: 2024-06-06 21:36Impact
TokenController get parameter formName not sanitized in returned input field leads to XSS.
What kind of vulnerability is it? Who is impacted?
Patches
Has the problem been patched? What versions should users upgrade to?
Workarounds
Is there a way for users to fix or remediate the vulnerability without upgrading?
Create a custom Symfony Request listener which checks for the get value of form for the TokenController and if not valid stop the request dispatching and return a error status code.
References
Are there any links users can visit to find out more?
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "sulu/form-bundle"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.5.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-37156"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-79",
"CWE-80"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-06-06T21:36:40Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2024-06-06T16:15:13Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Impact\n\nTokenController get parameter formName not sanitized in returned input field leads to XSS.\n\n_What kind of vulnerability is it? Who is impacted?_\n\n### Patches\n\n_Has the problem been patched? What versions should users upgrade to?_\n\n### Workarounds\n\n_Is there a way for users to fix or remediate the vulnerability without upgrading?_\n\nCreate a custom Symfony Request listener which checks for the get value of `form` for the TokenController and if not valid stop the request dispatching and return a error status code.\n\n### References\n\n_Are there any links users can visit to find out more?_\n",
"id": "GHSA-rrvc-c7xg-7cf3",
"modified": "2024-06-06T21:36:40Z",
"published": "2024-06-06T21:36:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/sulu/SuluFormBundle/security/advisories/GHSA-rrvc-c7xg-7cf3"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-37156"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/sulu/SuluFormBundle/commit/3f341b71a7309cbc8fd2c5bff894c654d1679b17"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/sulu/SuluFormBundle"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "TokenController formName not sanitized in hidden input"
}
GHSA-RV3X-XQ3R-8J9H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-09 19:32 – Updated: 2023-06-09 19:32Impact
This affects anyone passing unsanitised data to Leaf's variable tags. Before this fix, Leaf would not escape any strings passed to tags as variables. If an attacker managed to find a variable that was rendered with their unsanitised data, they could inject scripts into a generated Leaf page, which could enable XSS attacks if other mitigations such as a Content Security Policy were not enabled.
Patches
This has been patched in 1.3.0
Workarounds
Sanitise any untrusted input before passing it to Leaf and enable a CSP to block inline script and CSS data.
References
https://github.com/vapor/leaf-kit-ghsa-rv3x-xq3r-8j9h/pull/1
For more information
If you have any questions or comments about this advisory: * Open an issue in Leaf Kit * Email us at security@vapor.codes
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "SwiftURL",
"name": "github.com/vapor/leaf-kit"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.3.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-37634"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-79",
"CWE-80"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-06-09T19:32:32Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2021-08-09T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Impact\nThis affects anyone passing unsanitised data to Leaf\u0027s variable tags. Before this fix, Leaf would not escape any strings passed to tags as variables. If an attacker managed to find a variable that was rendered with their unsanitised data, they could inject scripts into a generated Leaf page, which could enable XSS attacks if other mitigations such as a Content Security Policy were not enabled.\n\n### Patches\nThis has been patched in 1.3.0\n\n### Workarounds\nSanitise any untrusted input before passing it to Leaf and enable a CSP to block inline script and CSS data.\n\n### References\nhttps://github.com/vapor/leaf-kit-ghsa-rv3x-xq3r-8j9h/pull/1\n\n### For more information\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory:\n* Open an issue in [Leaf Kit](https://github.com/vapor/leaf-kit)\n* Email us at [security@vapor.codes](mailto:security@vapor.codes)",
"id": "GHSA-rv3x-xq3r-8j9h",
"modified": "2023-06-09T19:32:32Z",
"published": "2023-06-09T19:32:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/vapor/leaf-kit/security/advisories/GHSA-rv3x-xq3r-8j9h"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-37634"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/vapor/leaf-kit"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/vapor/leaf-kit/releases/tag/1.3.0"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [],
"summary": "LeafKit allows XSS with untrusted user input"
}
GHSA-RV8P-RR2H-FGPG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-01-30 20:57 – Updated: 2024-01-30 20:57Impact
The @apollo/experimental-apollo-client-nextjs NPM package is vulnerable to a cross-site scripting vulnerability. This vulnerability arises from improper handling of untrusted input when @apollo/experimental-apollo-client-nextjs performs server-side rendering of HTML pages. To fix this vulnerability, we implemented appropriate escaping to prevent javascript injection into rendered pages.
Patches
To fix this issue, please update to version 0.7.0 or later.
Workarounds
There are no known workarounds for this issue. Please update to version 0.7.0
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 0.6.0"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "@apollo/experimental-nextjs-app-support"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.7.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-23841"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-80"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-01-30T20:57:45Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2024-01-30T18:15:48Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Impact\n\nThe @apollo/experimental-apollo-client-nextjs NPM package is vulnerable to a cross-site scripting vulnerability. This vulnerability arises from improper handling of untrusted input when @apollo/experimental-apollo-client-nextjs performs server-side rendering of HTML pages. To fix this vulnerability, we implemented appropriate escaping to prevent javascript injection into rendered pages.\n\n### Patches\n\nTo fix this issue, please update to version 0.7.0 or later.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nThere are no known workarounds for this issue. Please update to version 0.7.0\n\n",
"id": "GHSA-rv8p-rr2h-fgpg",
"modified": "2024-01-30T20:57:45Z",
"published": "2024-01-30T20:57:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/apollographql/apollo-client-nextjs/security/advisories/GHSA-rv8p-rr2h-fgpg"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-23841"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/apollographql/apollo-client-nextjs/commit/b92bc42abd5f8e17d4db361c36bd08e4f541a46b"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/apollographql/apollo-client-nextjs"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "@apollo/experimental-nextjs-app-support Cross-site Scripting vulnerability"
}
GHSA-RWFQ-V4HQ-H7FG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-01 16:39 – Updated: 2024-05-01 16:39Summary
If directory listings are enabled for a directory that an untrusted user has upload privileges for, a malicious file name like <img src=x onerror=alert(1)>.txt will allow JavaScript code execution in the context of the web server’s domain.
Details
SWS generally does not perform escaping of HTML entities on any values inserted in the directory listing. At the very least file_name and current_path could contain malicious data however. file_uri could also be malicious but the relevant scenarios seem to be all caught by hyper.
Impact
For any web server that allow users to upload files or create directories under a name of their choosing this becomes a stored XSS vulnerability.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "crates.io",
"name": "static-web-server"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.30.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-32966"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-79",
"CWE-80"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-05-01T16:39:24Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-01T06:15:21Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Summary\nIf directory listings are enabled for a directory that an untrusted user has upload privileges for, a malicious file name like `\u003cimg src=x onerror=alert(1)\u003e.txt` will allow JavaScript code execution in the context of the web server\u2019s domain.\n\n### Details\nSWS generally does not perform escaping of HTML entities on any values inserted in the directory listing. At the very least `file_name` and `current_path` could contain malicious data however. `file_uri` could also be malicious but the relevant scenarios seem to be all caught by hyper.\n\n### Impact\nFor any web server that allow users to upload files or create directories under a name of their choosing this becomes a stored XSS vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-rwfq-v4hq-h7fg",
"modified": "2024-05-01T16:39:24Z",
"published": "2024-05-01T16:39:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/static-web-server/static-web-server/security/advisories/GHSA-rwfq-v4hq-h7fg"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-32966"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/static-web-server/static-web-server"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/static-web-server/static-web-server/releases/tag/v2.30.0"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "static-web-server vulnerable to stored Cross-site Scripting in directory listings via file names"
}
GHSA-V276-8895-8M7M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-10-01 00:32 – Updated: 2026-10-01 00:32Improper neutralization of Script-Related HTML tags in a web page (basic XSS) vulnerability in The Wikimedia Foundation MediaWiki CommonsMetadata extension allows Cross-Site Scripting (XSS).
This issue affects MediaWiki CommonsMetadata extension: 1.46, 1.45, and 1.43.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-103584"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-80"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-30T23:16:57Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "Improper neutralization of Script-Related HTML tags in a web page (basic XSS) vulnerability in The Wikimedia Foundation MediaWiki CommonsMetadata extension allows Cross-Site Scripting (XSS).\n\nThis issue affects MediaWiki CommonsMetadata extension: 1.46, 1.45, and 1.43.",
"id": "GHSA-v276-8895-8m7m",
"modified": "2026-10-01T00:32:49Z",
"published": "2026-10-01T00:32:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-103584"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/q/I66c102cae36a9d499c95c37db7458371c7c87258"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T435999"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:H/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:L/SI:L/SA:L/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:N/AU:Y/R:U/V:C/RE:M/U:Amber",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Carefully check each input parameter against a rigorous positive specification (allowlist) defining the specific characters and format allowed. All input should be neutralized, not just parameters that the user is supposed to specify, but all data in the request, including hidden fields, cookies, headers, the URL itself, and so forth. A common mistake that leads to continuing XSS vulnerabilities is to validate only fields that are expected to be redisplayed by the site. We often encounter data from the request that is reflected by the application server or the application that the development team did not anticipate. Also, a field that is not currently reflected may be used by a future developer. Therefore, validating ALL parts of the HTTP request is recommended.
Mitigation MIT-30.1
Strategy: Output Encoding
- Use and specify an output encoding that can be handled by the downstream component that is reading the output. Common encodings include ISO-8859-1, UTF-7, and UTF-8. When an encoding is not specified, a downstream component may choose a different encoding, either by assuming a default encoding or automatically inferring which encoding is being used, which can be erroneous. When the encodings are inconsistent, the downstream component might treat some character or byte sequences as special, even if they are not special in the original encoding. Attackers might then be able to exploit this discrepancy and conduct injection attacks; they even might be able to bypass protection mechanisms that assume the original encoding is also being used by the downstream component.
- The problem of inconsistent output encodings often arises in web pages. If an encoding is not specified in an HTTP header, web browsers often guess about which encoding is being used. This can open up the browser to subtle XSS attacks.
Mitigation MIT-43
With Struts, write all data from form beans with the bean's filter attribute set to true.
Mitigation MIT-31
Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction
To help mitigate XSS attacks against the user's session cookie, set the session cookie to be HttpOnly. In browsers that support the HttpOnly feature (such as more recent versions of Internet Explorer and Firefox), this attribute can prevent the user's session cookie from being accessible to malicious client-side scripts that use document.cookie. This is not a complete solution, since HttpOnly is not supported by all browsers. More importantly, XmlHttpRequest and other powerful browser technologies provide read access to HTTP headers, including the Set-Cookie header in which the HttpOnly flag is set.
CAPEC-18: XSS Targeting Non-Script Elements
This attack is a form of Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) where malicious scripts are embedded in elements that are not expected to host scripts such as image tags (<img>), comments in XML documents (< !-CDATA->), etc. These tags may not be subject to the same input validation, output validation, and other content filtering and checking routines, so this can create an opportunity for an adversary to tunnel through the application's elements and launch a XSS attack through other elements. As with all remote attacks, it is important to differentiate the ability to launch an attack (such as probing an internal network for unpatched servers) and the ability of the remote adversary to collect and interpret the output of said attack.
CAPEC-193: PHP Remote File Inclusion
In this pattern the adversary is able to load and execute arbitrary code remotely available from the application. This is usually accomplished through an insecurely configured PHP runtime environment and an improperly sanitized "include" or "require" call, which the user can then control to point to any web-accessible file. This allows adversaries to hijack the targeted application and force it to execute their own instructions.
CAPEC-32: XSS Through HTTP Query Strings
An adversary embeds malicious script code in the parameters of an HTTP query string and convinces a victim to submit the HTTP request that contains the query string to a vulnerable web application. The web application then procedes to use the values parameters without properly validation them first and generates the HTML code that will be executed by the victim's browser.
CAPEC-86: XSS Through HTTP Headers
An adversary exploits web applications that generate web content, such as links in a HTML page, based on unvalidated or improperly validated data submitted by other actors. XSS in HTTP Headers attacks target the HTTP headers which are hidden from most users and may not be validated by web applications.