Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-79

Allowed

Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')

Abstraction: Base · Status: Stable

The product does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes user-controllable input before it is placed in output that is used as a web page that is served to other users.

71228 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-94391 (GCVE-0-2026-94391)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-23 18:14 – Updated: 2026-09-23 18:46

Title

WordPress Ultimate FAQ plugin <= 2.4.14 - Cross Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability

Summary

Contributor Cross Site Scripting (XSS) in Ultimate FAQ <= 2.4.14 versions.

Severity

6.5 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-09-23 18:38 UTC

CWE

CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')

Assigner

Patchstack mitre root Scorecard

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/…	vdb-entry

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
Rustaurius	Ultimate FAQ	Affected: n/a , ≤ 2.4.14 (custom)

Credits

Ananda Dhakal (Patchstack) | Patchstack Bug Bounty Program

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-94387 (GCVE-0-2026-94387)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-21 13:43 – Updated: 2026-10-06 13:37

Title

Aureus ERP before 1.6.0 Stored XSS via Chatter Field-Change Log

Summary

Aureus ERP before 1.6.0 contains a stored cross-site scripting vulnerability in the Chatter field-change log where old_value and new_value entries are rendered without proper escaping. Any user permitted to edit tracked text fields can inject malicious markup that executes when other users, including administrators, view the record's Chatter panel.

Severity

5.1 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N

5.4 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-09-21 15:17 UTC

CWE

CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')

Assigner

VulnCheck mitre root Scorecard

References

8 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/aureuserp/aureuserp/commit/57c…	patch
https://github.com/aureuserp/aureuserp/pull/1465	patchissue-tracking
https://github.com/aureuserp/aureuserp/blob/v1.5.…	technical-description
https://github.com/aureuserp/aureuserp/blob/v1.5.…	technical-description
https://hackmd.io/@leediay/stored-xss-aureuserp-chatter	third-party-advisory
https://github.com/aureuserp/aureuserp/releases/t…	release-notes
https://github.com/aureuserp/aureuserp	product
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/aureus-erp-b…	third-party-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
Webkul	Aureus ERP	Affected: 0 , < 1.6.0 (semver) Unaffected: 1.6.0 (semver)

Date Public

2026-08-05 00:00

Credits

leediay153 from Viettel Post

Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-94378 (GCVE-0-2026-94378)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-03 02:25 – Updated: 2026-10-03 15:42

Title

SupportCandy <= 3.5.3 - Authenticated (Subscriber+) Stored Cross-Site Scripting via 'name' Parameter

Summary

The SupportCandy – AI Customer Support Ticket System & Live Chatbot Agent plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Stored Cross-Site Scripting via the 'name' parameter in all versions up to, and including, 3.5.3 due to insufficient input sanitization and output escaping. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with subscriber-level access and above, to inject arbitrary web scripts in pages that will execute whenever a user accesses an injected page. This exploit chain requires the 'Register user if not exists' setting to be disabled, which is its default configuration.

Severity

6.4 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-10-03 15:36 UTC

CWE

CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')

Assigner

Wordfence mitre root Scorecard

References

7 references

URL	Tags
https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabil…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/suppor…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/suppor…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/suppor…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/suppor…
https://plugins.svn.wordpress.org/supportcandy/
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3718…

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
psmplugins	SupportCandy – AI Customer Support Ticket System & Live Chatbot Agent	Affected: 0 , ≤ 3.5.3 (semver)

Credits

Adrien Brunner

Show details on NVD website

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To clipboard

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CVE-2026-94376 (GCVE-0-2026-94376)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-25 06:39 – Updated: 2026-09-25 13:00

Title

Better Messages <= 3.0.4 - Authenticated (Subscriber+) Stored DOM-Based Cross-Site Scripting via User Display Name

Summary

The Better Messages – Chat Rooms, Group Chat, Private Messages & AI Chat Bots plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Stored DOM-Based Cross-Site Scripting via User Display Name in all versions up to, and including, 3.0.4 due to insufficient input sanitization and output escaping. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with subscriber-level access and above, to inject arbitrary web scripts in pages that will execute whenever a user accesses an injected page. This is exploitable by Subscriber-level users because WordPress core's sanitize_text_field() preserves HTML-entity-encoded payloads (e.g., an iframe srcdoc attribute), allowing the encoded string to be stored as a display name without requiring the unfiltered_html capability, and the plugin subsequently decodes it server-side before rendering.

Severity

6.4 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-09-25 12:51 UTC

CWE

CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')

Assigner

Wordfence mitre root Scorecard

References

4 references

URL	Tags
https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabil…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/bp-bet…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/bp-bet…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?old_…

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
wordplus	Better Messages – Chat Rooms, Group Chat, Private Messages & AI Chat Bots	Affected: 0 , ≤ 3.0.4 (semver)

Credits

Adrien Brunner

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-94373 (GCVE-0-2026-94373)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-21 12:16 – Updated: 2026-09-21 15:22

Title

MISP DOM-based Cross-Site Scripting via innerHTML in Contextual Menu

Summary

MISP contains a DOM-based cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the contextual menu JavaScript component. The ContextualMenu class populates HTML <option> elements by assigning user-controllable values to the innerHTML property. Because innerHTML parses and renders HTML markup, any untrusted string supplied as the option text (value.text or value) is interpreted as live DOM content rather than plain text. An attacker who can influence the data rendered in the contextual menu can inject arbitrary HTML or JavaScript that executes in the victim's browser within the MISP application origin. This may allow session hijacking, data exfiltration, or unauthorized actions performed on behalf of the authenticated user. Version affected: <2.5.47

Severity

6.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-09-21 15:22 UTC

CWE

CWE-79 - Cross-site Scripting (XSS)

Assigner

CIRCL ENISA root Scorecard

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://github.com/MISP/MISP/commit/b062698f2	patch

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
MISP	MISP	Affected: 0 , < 2.5.47 (semver)

Credits

iglocska 🕵️‍♂️ Jeroen Pinoy 🐞 David Andre

GCVE extensions

AI-generated Confidence: medium Model qwen3.8:27b advisory bcp-05-x-01bcp-05-x-02

bcp-05-x-01

AI-assisted vulnerability information annotation

GCVE-BCP-05-X-01

Whole record AI-generated Review: review GNA-1

Draft vulnerability metadata was generated from a git-format patch using an Ollama-hosted language model. Human validation is required before publication.

ai-computer-assisted:llm-generatedai-computer-assisted:classification

Model	Source	Identifier
qwen3.8:27b	ollama	`qwen3.8:27b`

bcp-05-x-02

Patch-to-vulnerability generation provenance

GCVE-BCP-05-X-02

Generator: patch2vuln.py on 2026-09-21 12:08
Model: qwen3.8:27b
Input: https://github.com/MISP/MISP/commit/b062698f2.patch 843bc32d5dc3…
Confidence: medium

Commit	Subject	Patch SHA-256
`b062698f2699`	fix: [xss] via JS innerHTML - as reported by David Andre and	`843bc32d5dc3…`

Fix summary

The vulnerability is remediated by replacing the unsafe innerHTML property assignments with the safe textContent property when setting the display text of dynamically created <option> elements. textContent inserts the value as plain text without parsing HTML, thereby neutralizing any injected markup or script.

Patch summary

In app/webroot/js/contextual_menu.js, within the ContextualMenu class, two lines that set option.innerHTML (one for object-valued entries using value.text and one for scalar entries using value) are changed to option.textContent. No other logic, event handlers, or surrounding code is modified. The change is limited to the two assignment statements in the option-population loop.

CVSS rationale

AV:N: MISP is a network-accessible web application. AC:L: The injection is straightforward once attacker-controlled data reaches the menu options. AT:N: No special targeting of a specific session state is required beyond the data being rendered. PR:L: The attacker must be authenticated to MISP to inject data that will be rendered in the contextual menu. UI:P: The victim must interact with the contextual menu (e.g., open it) for the injected content to execute. VC/VI/VA:N: The MISP server itself is not directly compromised. SC:H/SI:H: The victim's browser (subsequent component) suffers high confidentiality and integrity impact via script execution in the MISP origin. SA:N: Availability of the browser is not impacted.

Weakness rationale

CWE-79 The patch replaces innerHTML with textContent to prevent HTML/JS injection into the DOM, which is the canonical remediation for DOM-based XSS (CWE-79). The specific sub-type is DOM-based XSS via unsafe DOM API usage (innerHTML), but CWE-79 is the narrowest standard identifier that covers this.

Attack pattern rationale

CAPEC-12 The vulnerability is a textbook DOM-based XSS: attacker-controlled data is written into the DOM via the innerHTML property, causing the browser to parse and execute injected markup/script. CAPEC-12 (DOM-based XSS) is the most precise CAPEC pattern. The mapping is high-confidence because the patch explicitly targets innerHTML-to-textContent in a client-side JS file, which is the defining characteristic of DOM-based XSS.

Assumptions to verify

The affected version range is inferred from the tag_version_boundary (v2.5.47 with 137 commits after the fix), suggesting the fix landed shortly after v2.5.47; no explicit affected/fixed version strings are provided in the metadata.
PR:L assumes the attacker must be an authenticated MISP user to inject data that reaches the contextual menu; if an unauthenticated injection path exists, PR could be N.
UI:P assumes the victim must actively open or interact with the contextual menu for the XSS to trigger; if the menu renders automatically on page load, UI could be N.
The CAPEC-12 mapping is high-confidence based on the innerHTML-to-textContent pattern, but the exact data flow (which upstream field feeds value.text) is not visible in the patch.
AT:N assumes the attacker does not need to target a specific user's session; if the payload must be tailored to a particular user's view, AT could be P.

Model comparison

Selected qwen3.8:27b by deterministic-consensus-v1
The selected result is closest to model consensus; this heuristic does not establish factual correctness and human review remains required.

Model	Score	Agreement	Confidence	Assumptions
`qwen3.8:27b`	5	9	medium	5

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-94372 (GCVE-0-2026-94372)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-21 12:02 – Updated: 2026-09-21 15:23

Title

Stored Cross-Site Scripting via Unescaped Galaxy Cluster Tag Names in MISP Default Theme Galaxies Index

Summary

MISP contains a stored cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the default theme's Galaxies index page. When a MISP instance detects unknown custom or default galaxy clusters during synchronization, it renders sample tag names in an informational notice directed at site administrators. In the default theme, these sample tag names were inserted into the HTML output without HTML-entity encoding. A user with tag-editor privileges could craft a malicious misp-galaxy tag containing arbitrary script. When a site administrator subsequently viewed the Galaxies index page, the crafted tag content was interpreted as executable markup in the administrator's browser session, enabling the attacker to read session data, perform actions on behalf of the administrator, or otherwise compromise the administrator's browser context. The Overmind theme already applied HTML escaping to the same values and was not affected. The vulnerability requires the attacker to possess tag-editor-level access to create the crafted tag and requires the victim (a site administrator) to view the Galaxies index page in the default theme. The impact is limited to the administrator's browser session and does not directly compromise the MISP server process. Version affected: <2.5.47

Severity

6.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-09-21 15:22 UTC

CWE

CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')

Assigner

CIRCL ENISA root Scorecard

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://github.com/MISP/MISP/commit/ce10436ae	patch

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
MISP	MISP	Affected: 0 , < 2.5.47 (semver)

Credits

Jeroen Pinoy iglocska Claude Opus 4.8

GCVE extensions

AI-generated Confidence: medium Model qwen3.8:27b advisory bcp-05-x-01bcp-05-x-02

bcp-05-x-01

AI-assisted vulnerability information annotation

GCVE-BCP-05-X-01

Whole record AI-generated Review: review GNA-1

Draft vulnerability metadata was generated from a git-format patch using an Ollama-hosted language model. Human validation is required before publication.

ai-computer-assisted:llm-generatedai-computer-assisted:classification

Model	Source	Identifier
qwen3.8:27b	ollama	`qwen3.8:27b`

bcp-05-x-02

Patch-to-vulnerability generation provenance

GCVE-BCP-05-X-02

Generator: patch2vuln.py on 2026-09-21 11:56
Model: qwen3.8:27b
Input: https://github.com/MISP/MISP/commit/ce10436ae.patch c629d71fb493…
Confidence: medium

Commit	Subject	Patch SHA-256
`ce10436ae989`	fix: [security] Escape unknown-cluster samples in the	`c629d71fb493…`

Fix summary

The fix applies CakePHP's h() HTML-encoding function to each sample tag name before it is interpolated into the HTML notice. This ensures that any angle brackets, quotes, or ampersands contained in user-supplied tag names are rendered as inert HTML entities, preventing script execution in the administrator's browser.

Patch summary

In app/View/Galaxies/index.ctp, two lines that built $tagSampleHTML via sprintf and implode over the unknownCustomClustersSamples and unknownDefaultClustersSamples arrays were modified to wrap each array with array_map('h', ...) before the implode. This causes every element to pass through CakePHP's h() helper (HTML entity encoding) prior to concatenation into the <li> list markup. No other logic, routing, or authorization changes were made.

CVSS rationale

AV:N: exploited over the network via the web UI. AC:L: the attacker simply creates a tag with a script payload; no race or complex condition. AT:N: no attack-target manipulation required. PR:L: the attacker needs tag-editor privileges (lower than admin) to create the crafted misp-galaxy tag. UI:P: the victim (site admin) must passively view the Galaxies index page for the script to execute. VC/VI/VA:N: the MISP application process itself is not directly compromised; the impact is on the victim's browser session. SC:H: the attacker can read the admin's session cookies, tokens, and data visible in the browser. SI:H: the attacker can perform authenticated actions as the admin via the compromised session. SA:N: no meaningful availability impact on the scope component.

Weakness rationale

CWE-79 User-controlled tag names (misp-galaxy tags created by a tag editor) are inserted into an HTML page without output encoding, allowing script injection. This is a classic stored XSS (CWE-79) where the dangerous data is persisted in the database and rendered unsafely in a server-side template.

Attack pattern rationale

CAPEC-1 CAPEC-1 is the closest available pattern describing an attacker supplying malicious input that is not properly neutralized before being used in a context where it is interpreted (here, HTML). No dedicated CAPEC for stored XSS exists in the catalog; CAPEC-1 is the narrowest defensible match for an output-encoding failure. Uncertainty: the pattern is broad and does not specifically name XSS, but it is the best available mapping for an input-escaping deficiency.

Assumptions to verify

The tag_version_boundary (v2.5.47, 45 commits after fix) is interpreted as the fix landing after v2.5.47; exact affected version range is not explicitly stated in the patch and is marked as less_than 2.5.47 with status affected, but this is an inference.
The 'tag editor' role is assumed to be a lower-privilege role than site admin in MISP's RBAC model, justifying PR:L.
UI:P (Passive) is used because the victim only needs to load the Galaxies index page; no click or explicit interaction with the malicious content is required. The previous UI:R value was invalid in CVSS v4.0 (valid values: N, P, A).
CAPEC-1 is the closest available pattern; no CAPEC specifically names stored XSS, so the mapping is approximate.
The Overmind theme is stated in the commit message as already escaping these values; it is assumed unaffected but no patch evidence for it is provided.
The Co-Authored-By line for Claude Opus 4.8 is treated as a remediation developer credit per the supplied metadata; it is unclear whether this represents an AI-assisted contribution or a human developer using AI tooling.

Model comparison

Selected qwen3.8:27b by deterministic-consensus-v1
The selected result is closest to model consensus; this heuristic does not establish factual correctness and human review remains required.

Model	Score	Agreement	Confidence	Assumptions
`qwen3.8:27b`	4	9	medium	6

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-94277 (GCVE-0-2026-94277)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-21 09:25 – Updated: 2026-09-21 11:16

Title

Stored Cross-Site Scripting in MISP Galaxy Matrix Statistics via Unescaped Galaxy Name

Summary

MISP's galaxy matrix statistics view (app/View/Users/statistics_galaxymatrix.ctp) renders the galaxy name directly into HTML output via sprintf() without any HTML encoding. An authenticated user holding the perm_galaxy_editor permission can create or modify a galaxy whose name contains arbitrary HTML or JavaScript markup. Because the value is interpolated verbatim into the page, any user who subsequently opens the galaxy matrix statistics page will have the embedded script executed in their browser context. This enables session hijacking, credential theft, data exfiltration, or the performance of arbitrary actions on behalf of the victim within the MISP application. Version affected: <2.5.47

Severity

6.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-09-21 11:15 UTC

CWE

CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')

Assigner

CIRCL ENISA root Scorecard

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://github.com/MISP/MISP/commit/6b7637bf4	patch

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
MISP	MISP	Affected: 0 , < 2.5.47 (semver)

Credits

Jeroen Pinoy iglocska Claude Opus 4.8

GCVE extensions

AI-generated Confidence: high Model qwen3.8:27b advisory bcp-05-x-01bcp-05-x-02

bcp-05-x-01

AI-assisted vulnerability information annotation

GCVE-BCP-05-X-01

Whole record AI-generated Review: review GNA-1

Draft vulnerability metadata was generated from a git-format patch using an Ollama-hosted language model. Human validation is required before publication.

ai-computer-assisted:llm-generatedai-computer-assisted:classification

Model	Source	Identifier
qwen3.8:27b	ollama	`qwen3.8:27b`

bcp-05-x-02

Patch-to-vulnerability generation provenance

GCVE-BCP-05-X-02

Generator: patch2vuln.py on 2026-09-21 08:45
Model: qwen3.8:27b
Input: https://github.com/MISP/MISP/commit/6b7637bf4.patch c87b2f367c3c…
Confidence: high

Commit	Subject	Patch SHA-256
`6b7637bf4663`	fix: [security] Escape the galaxy name in the statistics	`c87b2f367c3c…`

Fix summary

The fix applies CakePHP's h() HTML-encoding function to the $galaxyName variable before it is passed to sprintf() for HTML output, ensuring that any special characters (angle brackets, quotes, etc.) in the galaxy name are percent-encoded and rendered as inert text rather than executable markup.

Patch summary

In app/View/Users/statistics_galaxymatrix.ctp, the single line echo sprintf(__('A heatmap showing the usage of %s.'), $galaxyName) was changed to echo sprintf(__('A heatmap showing the usage of %s.'), h($galaxyName)), wrapping the user-controlled variable with CakePHP's HTML-encoding helper before interpolation into the HTML document.

CVSS rationale

AV:N: The attack is delivered over the network via the MISP web interface. AC:L: Creating a galaxy with a script-bearing name requires no special timing or race condition. AT:N: No additional attack complexity beyond normal application use. PR:L: The attacker needs an authenticated account with perm_galaxy_editor, a low-privilege role. UI:P: The victim must visit the galaxy matrix statistics page, a legitimate page they may open during normal work; no specific tricked action (click, download) is required. VC/VI/VA:N: The MISP server itself suffers no direct confidentiality, integrity, or availability loss; the payload executes client-side. SC:H: The victim's browser session is fully compromised (cookies, tokens, in-page data). SI:H: The attacker can perform arbitrary actions in the victim's authenticated session. SA:N: No denial-of-service impact on the victim's browser. Assumption: perm_galaxy_editor is a low-privilege role (PR:L); if it requires higher clearance, PR could be H.

Weakness rationale

CWE-79 The root cause is the direct interpolation of a user-controlled string (galaxy name) into an HTML context without output encoding, allowing script injection. This is a textbook stored XSS (CWE-79).

Assumptions to verify

perm_galaxy_editor is treated as a low-privilege role (PR:L); if it requires elevated clearance the PR metric should be raised to H.
The affected version boundary is inferred from the tag v2.5.47 (47 commits after the fix commit); no explicit 'fixed in' version is stated in the patch.
UI:P assumes the victim voluntarily navigates to the statistics page as part of normal workflow rather than being lured by a crafted link (which would be UI:A).

Model comparison

Selected qwen3.8:27b by deterministic-consensus-v1
The selected result is closest to model consensus; this heuristic does not establish factual correctness and human review remains required.

Model	Score	Agreement	Confidence	Assumptions
`qwen3.8:27b`	8	9	high	3

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
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          {
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              "base64": false,
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              "value": "\u003cp\u003eMISP\u0027s galaxy matrix statistics view (app/View/Users/statistics_galaxymatrix.ctp) renders the galaxy name directly into HTML output via sprintf() without any HTML encoding. An authenticated user holding the perm_galaxy_editor permission can create or modify a galaxy whose name contains arbitrary HTML or JavaScript markup. Because the value is interpolated verbatim into the page, any user who subsequently opens the galaxy matrix statistics page will have the embedded script executed in their browser context. This enables session hijacking, credential theft, data exfiltration, or the performance of arbitrary actions on behalf of the victim within the MISP application.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eVersion affected: \u0026lt;2.5.47\u003c/p\u003e"
            }
          ],
          "value": "MISP\u0027s galaxy matrix statistics view (app/View/Users/statistics_galaxymatrix.ctp) renders the galaxy name directly into HTML output via sprintf() without any HTML encoding. An authenticated user holding the perm_galaxy_editor permission can create or modify a galaxy whose name contains arbitrary HTML or JavaScript markup. Because the value is interpolated verbatim into the page, any user who subsequently opens the galaxy matrix statistics page will have the embedded script executed in their browser context. This enables session hijacking, credential theft, data exfiltration, or the performance of arbitrary actions on behalf of the victim within the MISP application.\n\nVersion affected: \u003c2.5.47"
        }
      ],
      "impacts": [
        {
          "capecId": "CAPEC-63",
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "CAPEC-63 Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "NONE",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "baseScore": 6.3,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
            "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "userInteraction": "PASSIVE",
            "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:N",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "LOW",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
            "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-79",
              "description": "CWE-79 Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation (\u0027Cross-site Scripting\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-09-21T09:25:04.966Z",
        "orgId": "5a6e4751-2f3f-4070-9419-94fb35b644e8",
        "shortName": "CIRCL"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "Security patch",
          "tags": [
            "patch"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/MISP/MISP/commit/6b7637bf4"
        }
      ],
      "solutions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "\u003cp\u003eThe fix applies CakePHP\u0027s h() HTML-encoding function to the $galaxyName variable before it is passed to sprintf() for HTML output, ensuring that any special characters (angle brackets, quotes, etc.) in the galaxy name are percent-encoded and rendered as inert text rather than executable markup.\u003c/p\u003e"
            }
          ],
          "value": "The fix applies CakePHP\u0027s h() HTML-encoding function to the $galaxyName variable before it is passed to sprintf() for HTML output, ensuring that any special characters (angle brackets, quotes, etc.) in the galaxy name are percent-encoded and rendered as inert text rather than executable markup."
        }
      ],
      "title": "Stored Cross-Site Scripting in MISP Galaxy Matrix Statistics via Unescaped Galaxy Name",
      "x_gcve": [
        {
          "extensions": {
            "bcp-05-x-01": {
              "ai_annotations": [
                {
                  "ai_level": "generated",
                  "description": "Draft vulnerability metadata was generated from a git-format patch using an Ollama-hosted language model. Human validation is required before publication.",
                  "gna_source": 1,
                  "models": [
                    {
                      "gna_source": 1,
                      "identifier": "qwen3.8:27b",
                      "name": "qwen3.8:27b",
                      "source": "ollama"
                    }
                  ],
                  "review_status": "review",
                  "scope": "record",
                  "tags": [
                    "ai-computer-assisted:llm-generated",
                    "ai-computer-assisted:classification"
                  ]
                }
              ]
            },
            "bcp-05-x-02": {
              "x_patch2vuln": {
                "assumptions": [
                  "perm_galaxy_editor is treated as a low-privilege role (PR:L); if it requires elevated clearance the PR metric should be raised to H.",
                  "The affected version boundary is inferred from the tag v2.5.47 (47 commits after the fix commit); no explicit \u0027fixed in\u0027 version is stated in the patch.",
                  "UI:P assumes the victim voluntarily navigates to the statistics page as part of normal workflow rather than being lured by a crafted link (which would be UI:A)."
                ],
                "commit": "6b7637bf46633e880d8fb9900fa69986eabfc82e",
                "confidence": "high",
                "credits": [
                  {
                    "lang": "en",
                    "type": "reporter",
                    "value": "Jeroen Pinoy"
                  },
                  {
                    "lang": "en",
                    "type": "remediation developer",
                    "value": "iglocska"
                  },
                  {
                    "lang": "en",
                    "type": "remediation developer",
                    "value": "Claude Opus 4.8"
                  }
                ],
                "cvssRationale": "AV:N: The attack is delivered over the network via the MISP web interface. AC:L: Creating a galaxy with a script-bearing name requires no special timing or race condition. AT:N: No additional attack complexity beyond normal application use. PR:L: The attacker needs an authenticated account with perm_galaxy_editor, a low-privilege role. UI:P: The victim must visit the galaxy matrix statistics page, a legitimate page they may open during normal work; no specific tricked action (click, download) is required. VC/VI/VA:N: The MISP server itself suffers no direct confidentiality, integrity, or availability loss; the payload executes client-side. SC:H: The victim\u0027s browser session is fully compromised (cookies, tokens, in-page data). SI:H: The attacker can perform arbitrary actions in the victim\u0027s authenticated session. SA:N: No denial-of-service impact on the victim\u0027s browser. Assumption: perm_galaxy_editor is a low-privilege role (PR:L); if it requires higher clearance, PR could be H.",
                "draft": false,
                "fixSummary": "The fix applies CakePHP\u0027s h() HTML-encoding function to the $galaxyName variable before it is passed to sprintf() for HTML output, ensuring that any special characters (angle brackets, quotes, etc.) in the galaxy name are percent-encoded and rendered as inert text rather than executable markup.",
                "generatedAt": "2026-09-21T08:45:23.903680Z",
                "generator": "patch2vuln.py",
                "model": "qwen3.8:27b",
                "modelComparison": {
                  "rankings": [
                    {
                      "agreementScore": 9,
                      "assumptionCount": 3,
                      "confidence": "high",
                      "model": "qwen3.8:27b",
                      "score": 8
                    }
                  ],
                  "selectedModel": "qwen3.8:27b",
                  "selectionMethod": "deterministic-consensus-v1",
                  "selectionNotice": "The selected result is closest to model consensus; this heuristic does not establish factual correctness and human review remains required."
                },
                "patchSha256": "c87b2f367c3cb449d92ad781865f48beeed01298a6c2a91d9f5234e67ab2930d",
                "patchSummary": "In app/View/Users/statistics_galaxymatrix.ctp, the single line echo sprintf(__(\u0027A heatmap showing the usage of %s.\u0027), $galaxyName) was changed to echo sprintf(__(\u0027A heatmap showing the usage of %s.\u0027), h($galaxyName)), wrapping the user-controlled variable with CakePHP\u0027s HTML-encoding helper before interpolation into the HTML document.",
                "patchTruncated": false,
                "patches": [
                  {
                    "commit": "6b7637bf46633e880d8fb9900fa69986eabfc82e",
                    "patchSha256": "c87b2f367c3cb449d92ad781865f48beeed01298a6c2a91d9f5234e67ab2930d",
                    "source": "https://github.com/MISP/MISP/commit/6b7637bf4.patch",
                    "sourceUrl": "https://github.com/MISP/MISP/commit/6b7637bf4.patch",
                    "subject": "fix: [security] Escape the galaxy name in the statistics"
                  }
                ],
                "source": "https://github.com/MISP/MISP/commit/6b7637bf4.patch",
                "subject": "fix: [security] Escape the galaxy name in the statistics",
                "tagVersionBoundary": {
                  "commits_after_fix": 47,
                  "repository": "https://github.com/MISP/MISP",
                  "tag": "v2.5.47",
                  "version": "2.5.47",
                  "version_type": "semver"
                },
                "weaknessRationale": [
                  {
                    "cweId": "CWE-79",
                    "rationale": "The root cause is the direct interpolation of a user-controlled string (galaxy name) into an HTML context without output encoding, allowing script injection. This is a textbook stored XSS (CWE-79)."
                  }
                ]
              }
            }
          },
          "recordType": "advisory",
          "vulnId": "GCVE-1-2026-20155"
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "5a6e4751-2f3f-4070-9419-94fb35b644e8",
    "assignerShortName": "CIRCL",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-94277",
    "datePublished": "2026-09-21T09:25:04.966Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-09-21T09:25:02.306Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-09-21T11:16:10.434Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2026-94211 (GCVE-0-2026-94211)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-21 12:00 – Updated: 2026-09-21 14:14

Title

Hyve5 Leantime Project Dashboard show.blade.php cross site scripting

Summary

A vulnerability has been found in Hyve5 Leantime up to 3.9.8. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /app/Domain/Dashboard/Templates/show.blade.php of the component Project Dashboard. Such manipulation leads to cross site scripting. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. "EDIT perm" needed to plant; fires cross-user for anyone viewing the project dashboard since the poisoned label name is echoed raw. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Severity

4.8 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

2.4 (Low)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:R

2.4 (Low)


                        
                          CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:R

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-09-21 14:14 UTC

CWE

CWE-79 - Cross Site Scripting
CWE-94 - Code Injection

Assigner

VulDB mitre root Scorecard

References

5 references

URL	Tags
https://vuldb.com/vuln/408069	vdb-entry
https://vuldb.com/vuln/408069/cti	signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-94211	third-party-advisory
https://vuldb.com/submit/894647	third-party-advisory
https://github.com/natanmorette-thoropass/thoropa…	exploit

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
Hyve5	Leantime	Affected: 3.9.0 Affected: 3.9.1 Affected: 3.9.2 Affected: 3.9.3 Affected: 3.9.4 Affected: 3.9.5 Affected: 3.9.6 Affected: 3.9.7 Affected: 3.9.8 cpe:2.3:a:leantime:leantime::::::::

Credits

alvinovando-thoropass (VulDB User) VulDB CNA Team

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
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      {
        "metrics": [
          {
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                "id": "CVE-2026-94211",
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CVE-2026-94210 (GCVE-0-2026-94210)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-21 11:30 – Updated: 2026-09-21 19:41 X_Open Source

Title

Hyve5 Leantime Kanban Board Tickets.php getAllGrouped cross site scripting

Summary

A flaw has been found in Hyve5 Leantime up to 3.9.8. Affected by this vulnerability is the function getAllGrouped of the file app/Domain/Tickets/Services/Tickets.php of the component Kanban Board. This manipulation causes cross site scripting. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit has been published and may be used. Patch name: a30a6837b4071ac05a4f58d0e1baa2c62aa8695e. To fix this issue, it is recommended to deploy a patch.

Severity

5.1 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

3.5 (Low)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N/E:P/RL:O/RC:C

3.5 (Low)


                        
                          CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N/E:P/RL:O/RC:C

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-09-21 19:41 UTC

CWE

CWE-79 - Cross Site Scripting
CWE-94 - Code Injection

Assigner

VulDB mitre root Scorecard

References

7 references

URL	Tags
https://vuldb.com/vuln/408068	vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/vuln/408068/cti	signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-94210	third-party-advisory
https://vuldb.com/submit/894646	third-party-advisory
https://github.com/natanmorette-thoropass/thoropa…	exploit
https://github.com/Leantime/leantime/pull/3767	issue-trackingpatch
https://github.com/Leantime/leantime/commit/a30a6…	patch

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
Hyve5	Leantime	Affected: 3.9.0 Affected: 3.9.1 Affected: 3.9.2 Affected: 3.9.3 Affected: 3.9.4 Affected: 3.9.5 Affected: 3.9.6 Affected: 3.9.7 Affected: 3.9.8 cpe:2.3:a:leantime:leantime::::::::

Credits

alvinovando-thoropass (VulDB User)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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  "containers": {
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        "metrics": [
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              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-94210",
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CVE-2026-94179 (GCVE-0-2026-94179)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-23 18:14 – Updated: 2026-09-23 19:25

Title

WordPress Razorpay Payment Button plugin <= 2.4.9 - Cross Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability

Summary

Unauthenticated Cross Site Scripting (XSS) in Razorpay Payment Button <= 2.4.9 versions.

Severity

7.1 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-09-23 19:25 UTC

CWE

CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')

Assigner

Patchstack mitre root Scorecard

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/…	vdb-entry

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
Razorpay	Razorpay Payment Button	Affected: n/a , ≤ 2.4.9 (custom)

Credits

Ananda Dhakal (Patchstack) | Patchstack Bug Bounty Program

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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Mitigation MIT-4

Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
Examples of libraries and frameworks that make it easier to generate properly encoded output include Microsoft's Anti-XSS library, the OWASP ESAPI Encoding module, and Apache Wicket.

Mitigation

Implementation Architecture and Design

Understand the context in which your data will be used and the encoding that will be expected. This is especially important when transmitting data between different components, or when generating outputs that can contain multiple encodings at the same time, such as web pages or multi-part mail messages. Study all expected communication protocols and data representations to determine the required encoding strategies.
For any data that will be output to another web page, especially any data that was received from external inputs, use the appropriate encoding on all non-alphanumeric characters.
Parts of the same output document may require different encodings, which will vary depending on whether the output is in the:
etc. Note that HTML Entity Encoding is only appropriate for the HTML body.
Consult the XSS Prevention Cheat Sheet [REF-724] for more details on the types of encoding and escaping that are needed.
HTML body
Element attributes (such as src="XYZ")
URIs
JavaScript sections
Cascading Style Sheets and style property

Mitigation MIT-6

Architecture and Design Implementation

Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction

Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.

Mitigation MIT-15

Architecture and Design

For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.

Mitigation MIT-27

Architecture and Design

Strategy: Parameterization

If available, use structured mechanisms that automatically enforce the separation between data and code. These mechanisms may be able to provide the relevant quoting, encoding, and validation automatically, instead of relying on the developer to provide this capability at every point where output is generated.

Mitigation MIT-30.1

Implementation

Strategy: Output Encoding

Use and specify an output encoding that can be handled by the downstream component that is reading the output. Common encodings include ISO-8859-1, UTF-7, and UTF-8. When an encoding is not specified, a downstream component may choose a different encoding, either by assuming a default encoding or automatically inferring which encoding is being used, which can be erroneous. When the encodings are inconsistent, the downstream component might treat some character or byte sequences as special, even if they are not special in the original encoding. Attackers might then be able to exploit this discrepancy and conduct injection attacks; they even might be able to bypass protection mechanisms that assume the original encoding is also being used by the downstream component.
The problem of inconsistent output encodings often arises in web pages. If an encoding is not specified in an HTTP header, web browsers often guess about which encoding is being used. This can open up the browser to subtle XSS attacks.

Mitigation MIT-43

Implementation

With Struts, write all data from form beans with the bean's filter attribute set to true.

Mitigation MIT-31

Implementation

Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction

To help mitigate XSS attacks against the user's session cookie, set the session cookie to be HttpOnly. In browsers that support the HttpOnly feature (such as more recent versions of Internet Explorer and Firefox), this attribute can prevent the user's session cookie from being accessible to malicious client-side scripts that use document.cookie. This is not a complete solution, since HttpOnly is not supported by all browsers. More importantly, XmlHttpRequest and other powerful browser technologies provide read access to HTTP headers, including the Set-Cookie header in which the HttpOnly flag is set.

Mitigation MIT-5

Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
When dynamically constructing web pages, use stringent allowlists that limit the character set based on the expected value of the parameter in the request. All input should be validated and cleansed, not just parameters that the user is supposed to specify, but all data in the request, including hidden fields, cookies, headers, the URL itself, and so forth. A common mistake that leads to continuing XSS vulnerabilities is to validate only fields that are expected to be redisplayed by the site. It is common to see data from the request that is reflected by the application server or the application that the development team did not anticipate. Also, a field that is not currently reflected may be used by a future developer. Therefore, validating ALL parts of the HTTP request is recommended.
Note that proper output encoding, escaping, and quoting is the most effective solution for preventing XSS, although input validation may provide some defense-in-depth. This is because it effectively limits what will appear in output. Input validation will not always prevent XSS, especially if you are required to support free-form text fields that could contain arbitrary characters. For example, in a chat application, the heart emoticon ("<3") would likely pass the validation step, since it is commonly used. However, it cannot be directly inserted into the web page because it contains the "<" character, which would need to be escaped or otherwise handled. In this case, stripping the "<" might reduce the risk of XSS, but it would produce incorrect behavior because the emoticon would not be recorded. This might seem to be a minor inconvenience, but it would be more important in a mathematical forum that wants to represent inequalities.
Even if you make a mistake in your validation (such as forgetting one out of 100 input fields), appropriate encoding is still likely to protect you from injection-based attacks. As long as it is not done in isolation, input validation is still a useful technique, since it may significantly reduce your attack surface, allow you to detect some attacks, and provide other security benefits that proper encoding does not address.
Ensure that you perform input validation at well-defined interfaces within the application. This will help protect the application even if a component is reused or moved elsewhere.

Mitigation MIT-21

Architecture and Design

Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion

When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.

Mitigation MIT-29

Operation

Strategy: Firewall

Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].

Mitigation MIT-16

Operation Implementation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

When using PHP, configure the application so that it does not use register_globals. During implementation, develop the application so that it does not rely on this feature, but be wary of implementing a register_globals emulation that is subject to weaknesses such as CWE-95, CWE-621, and similar issues.

CAPEC-209: XSS Using MIME Type Mismatch

An adversary creates a file with scripting content but where the specified MIME type of the file is such that scripting is not expected. The adversary tricks the victim into accessing a URL that responds with the script file. Some browsers will detect that the specified MIME type of the file does not match the actual type of its content and will automatically switch to using an interpreter for the real content type. If the browser does not invoke script filters before doing this, the adversary's script may run on the target unsanitized, possibly revealing the victim's cookies or executing arbitrary script in their browser.

CAPEC-588: DOM-Based XSS

This type of attack is a form of Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) where a malicious script is inserted into the client-side HTML being parsed by a web browser. Content served by a vulnerable web application includes script code used to manipulate the Document Object Model (DOM). This script code either does not properly validate input, or does not perform proper output encoding, thus creating an opportunity for an adversary to inject a malicious script launch a XSS attack. A key distinction between other XSS attacks and DOM-based attacks is that in other XSS attacks, the malicious script runs when the vulnerable web page is initially loaded, while a DOM-based attack executes sometime after the page loads. Another distinction of DOM-based attacks is that in some cases, the malicious script is never sent to the vulnerable web server at all. An attack like this is guaranteed to bypass any server-side filtering attempts to protect users.

CAPEC-591: Reflected XSS

This type of attack is a form of Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) where a malicious script is "reflected" off a vulnerable web application and then executed by a victim's browser. The process starts with an adversary delivering a malicious script to a victim and convincing the victim to send the script to the vulnerable web application.

CAPEC-592: Stored XSS

An adversary utilizes a form of Cross-site Scripting (XSS) where a malicious script is persistently "stored" within the data storage of a vulnerable web application as valid input.

CAPEC-63: Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)

An adversary embeds malicious scripts in content that will be served to web browsers. The goal of the attack is for the target software, the client-side browser, to execute the script with the users' privilege level. An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that are brought on by allowing remote hosts to execute code and scripts. Web browsers, for example, have some simple security controls in place, but if a remote attacker is allowed to execute scripts (through injecting them in to user-generated content like bulletin boards) then these controls may be bypassed. Further, these attacks are very difficult for an end user to detect.

CAPEC-85: AJAX Footprinting

This attack utilizes the frequent client-server roundtrips in Ajax conversation to scan a system. While Ajax does not open up new vulnerabilities per se, it does optimize them from an attacker point of view. A common first step for an attacker is to footprint the target environment to understand what attacks will work. Since footprinting relies on enumeration, the conversational pattern of rapid, multiple requests and responses that are typical in Ajax applications enable an attacker to look for many vulnerabilities, well-known ports, network locations and so on. The knowledge gained through Ajax fingerprinting can be used to support other attacks, such as XSS.

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