Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-79

Allowed

Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')

Abstraction: Base · Status: Stable

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes user-controllable input before it is placed in output that is used as a web page that is served to other users.

71571 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-54681 (GCVE-0-2026-54681)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-21 18:41 – Updated: 2026-08-21 19:04
VLAI
Title
DiscordChatExporter: HTML attribute injection via unescaped emoji name in HTML export
Summary
DiscordChatExporter saves Discord chat logs to a file. Prior to 2.47.2, the VisitEmojiAsync method in DiscordChatExporter.Core/Exporting/HtmlMarkdownVisitor.cs interpolates emoji.Name into the alt attribute and emoji.Code into the title attribute without HTML entity encoding. This affects HTML exports regardless of the markdown setting. Discord's current custom emoji name validation normally excludes attribute-breaking characters, but tampered offline input, a relaxed upstream validation rule, or another future metadata source can inject an HTML attribute and execute script when a user opens the export. This issue is fixed in version 2.47.2.
Severity
4.1 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-21 19:04 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Tyrrrz DiscordChatExporter Affected: < 2.47.2
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-54645 (GCVE-0-2026-54645)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-17 22:06 – Updated: 2026-09-22 01:58
VLAI
Title
CubeCart: Stored XSS in Product Description Editor via Global Sanitizer Bypass
Summary
CubeCart is an ecommerce software solution. Prior to 6.7.5, admin/sources/products.index.inc.php reads the description, description_short, and spec_copy rich-text fields from $GLOBALS['RAW']['POST'] and removes only script elements before the values are stored and rendered through Smarty templates. An administrator with product-editing rights can store event-handler attributes, SVG content, or javascript: URIs that bypass this filter, causing persistent JavaScript execution when a storefront visitor or another administrator views the product content and enabling session exposure or unauthorized browser-context actions. This issue is fixed in version 6.7.5.
Severity
4.8 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-22 01:57 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
cubecart v6 Affected: < 6.7.5
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-54644 (GCVE-0-2026-54644)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-17 22:03 – Updated: 2026-09-18 20:02
VLAI
Title
CubeCart: XSS via Anchor Tag Attribute Injection in gui.class.php Message System
Summary
CubeCart is an ecommerce software solution. Prior to 6.7.5, the _errorMessage method in classes/gui.class.php uses strip_tags to permit anchor elements in error, information, and warning messages while retaining unsafe href values and onclick event handlers. Attacker-controlled search or input data that reaches a GUI message can carry a javascript: URI or event handler through the filter, and viewing or interacting with the rendered anchor executes JavaScript in the victim's browser session, enabling session exposure or unauthorized application actions. This issue is fixed in version 6.7.5.
Severity
6.1 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-18 20:02 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
cubecart v6 Affected: < 6.7.5
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-54606 (GCVE-0-2026-54606)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-26 15:25 – Updated: 2026-08-26 18:28
VLAI
Title
SunEditor: DOM XSS in SunEditor Embed Plugin via External Script Element After Iframe Embed
Summary
SunEditor is a lightweight and powerful WYSIWYG editor in vanilla JavaScript with no dependencies. Prior to 3.1.4, the SunEditor Embed plugin in src/plugins/modal/embed.js parses attacker-controlled raw embed HTML with DOMParser and processes the resulting DOM nodes. When an external script element follows a valid iframe, the plugin recreates a script element from the attacker-controlled src attribute and appends it to the live DOM, causing JavaScript execution in the editor page. If an application stores or reflects SunEditor content without additional backend sanitization, an attacker who can submit embed HTML can trigger stored or reflected cross-site scripting when another user opens, previews, renders, or edits the content, enabling access to page data and account actions as the victim. This issue is fixed in version 3.1.4.
Severity
8.5 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-26 18:27 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
JiHong88 suneditor Affected: < 3.1.4
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-54527 (GCVE-0-2026-54527)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-08 21:03 – Updated: 2026-07-09 14:16
VLAI
Title
JupyterLab Git: Stored XSS leading to RCE
Summary
JupyterLab Git is a Git extension for JupyterLab. From 0.30.0b3 before 0.54.0, the PlainTextDiff.ts createHeader() method passes Git filenames directly to innerHTML when rendering renamed files in commit history, allowing a crafted filename to execute JavaScript when a victim views the rename diff in the Git History tab. This issue is fixed in version 0.54.0.
Severity
9.3 (Critical)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-09 14:15 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
jupyterlab jupyterlab-git Affected: >= 0.30.0b3, < 0.54.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-54521 (GCVE-0-2026-54521)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-17 20:17 – Updated: 2026-09-18 20:08
VLAI
Title
FairEmail: Cross-site scripting (XSS) in AMP message rendering (ActivityAMP)
Summary
FairEmail is a fully featured, open source, privacy-friendly email app for Android. Prior to 1.2319, the ActivityAMP AMP message renderer in app/src/main/java/eu/faircode/email/ActivityAMP.java enables JavaScript in its WebView but incompletely sanitizes untrusted message HTML. For non-allowlisted hosts, script.removeAttr("src") leaves inline script elements in the document and does not reject event-handler attributes or javascript: URLs on other elements. A crafted AMP email can execute arbitrary JavaScript when a recipient opens the message and enables the AMP toggle. The script can read the message DOM, exfiltrate message data, and display phishing overlays within the message-body area. Exploitation requires the recipient to enable the AMP toggle, and practical exposure is reduced because AMP email is uncommon. This issue is fixed in version 1.2319.
Severity
6.1 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-18 20:08 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
M66B FairEmail Affected: < 1.2319
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-54506 (GCVE-0-2026-54506)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-17 21:47 – Updated: 2026-09-23 19:09
VLAI
Title
Vvveb: Stored XSS via sanitizeHTML() bypass in user profile bio field
Summary
Vvveb is a powerful and easy to use CMS with page builder to build websites, blogs or ecommerce stores. Prior to 1.0.8.5, app/controller/user/profile.php accepts the user[bio] field and passes stored content through sanitizeHTML() in system/functions.php, whose on* event-handler regular expression omits the forward-slash delimiter and whose do-while condition compares the string to itself, so forbidden nested tags are removed only once. An Author-role or higher user can submit solidus-prefixed event-handler markup or nested forbidden tags that survive sanitization. The stored bio is rendered without sufficient output encoding on /author/{username}, in the admin user-management view, and potentially in comment displays, causing attacker-controlled JavaScript to execute when unauthenticated visitors, administrators, or other users view the content. This can expose browser-session data and permit victim-context account actions, defacement, or phishing. This issue is fixed in version 1.0.8.5.
Severity
7.6 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-23 19:09 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
  • CWE-116 - Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
  • CWE-185 - Incorrect Regular Expression
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
givanz Vvveb Affected: < 1.0.8.5
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-54505 (GCVE-0-2026-54505)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-20 21:44 – Updated: 2026-08-25 15:30
VLAI
Title
TREK: Stored cross-user HTML injection via trip title in the Journey suggestion banner
Summary
TREK is a collaborative travel planner. Prior to 3.1.0, when the Journey add-on is enabled, TREK interpolates the unescaped activeSuggestion.title value into journey.frontpage.suggestionText through client/src/i18n/TranslationContext.tsx and renders the result with dangerouslySetInnerHTML in client/src/pages/JourneyPage.tsx. A trip owner can store HTML in a qualifying trip title, and GET /api/journeys/suggestions returns that title through getSuggestions(userId) to a collaborator who opens the authenticated Journey page. The markup is inserted as live DOM in the collaborator's session, enabling content spoofing and UI redress, although the default Content Security Policy blocks inline handlers and script execution. This issue is fixed in version 3.1.0.
Severity
2 (Low)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:A/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-25 15:30 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
mauriceboe TREK Affected: < 3.1.0
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Show details on NVD website
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CVE-2026-54498 (GCVE-0-2026-54498)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-17 20:46 – Updated: 2026-07-20 17:38
VLAI
Title
view_component: around_render HTML-Safety Bypass
Summary
view_component is a framework for building reusable, testable, and encapsulated view components in Ruby on Rails. From 4.0.0 until 4.12.0, ViewComponent::Base#around_render can return HTML-unsafe strings that bypass the escaping behavior applied to normal #call return values. This creates an XSS risk when downstream applications use around_render to wrap, replace, instrument, or conditionally return content that includes user-controlled data, and ViewComponent::Collection#render_in can amplify the issue by joining per-item results and marking the entire output html_safe, converting raw unsafe output into an ActiveSupport::SafeBuffer. This issue is fixed in version 4.12.0.
Severity
8.7 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-20 17:38 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
ViewComponent view_component Affected: >= 4.0.0, < 4.12.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-54458 (GCVE-0-2026-54458)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-15 21:33 – Updated: 2026-07-16 15:12
VLAI
Title
AVideo: Unauthenticated Stored DOM Cross-Site Scripting via Per-Client Metadata Broadcast in YPTSocket Plugin
Summary
WWBN AVideo is an open source video platform. Versions prior to 29.0 contain a stored DOM Cross-Site Scripting vulnerability in the YPTSocket plugin. Any unauthenticated remote attacker can execute arbitrary JavaScript in the authenticated origin of every administrator currently viewing a page that renders the YPTSocket online-users debug panel. plugin/YPTSocket/getWebSocket.json.php issues a signed WebSocket token to any anonymous caller, and MessageSQLiteV2::onOpen at plugin/YPTSocket/MessageSQLiteV2.php lines 91 and 110 reads the attacker-controlled webSocketSelfURI and page_title query parameters from the WebSocket connection URL with no validation. Both values persist into the in-memory SQLite connections table and broadcast inside the users_id_online array sent to every connected client; on the client, plugin/YPTSocket/script.js::updateSocketUserCard interpolates the broadcast page_title into an HTML template literal that is passed to jQuery $.append(html), which parses attacker bytes into live DOM nodes including <img> with inline event handlers. Successful attackers can can read non-HttpOnly cookies and the CSRF token rendered into the admin dashboard, issue authenticated requests to any admin-only endpoint, exfiltrate the admin dashboard DOM, and chain into any admin-context mutation. When the victim is an AVideo administrator, the attacker turns a single anonymous WebSocket connection into full administrative takeover via the admin's own session. This issue has been patched by https://github.com/WWBN/AVideo/commit/8be71e53ccbe9b84b30870db386fb4d2b11e1c16.
Severity
9.6 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-16 14:21 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
WWBN AVideo Affected: <= 29.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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Mitigation MIT-4
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
  • Examples of libraries and frameworks that make it easier to generate properly encoded output include Microsoft's Anti-XSS library, the OWASP ESAPI Encoding module, and Apache Wicket.
Mitigation
Implementation Architecture and Design
  • Understand the context in which your data will be used and the encoding that will be expected. This is especially important when transmitting data between different components, or when generating outputs that can contain multiple encodings at the same time, such as web pages or multi-part mail messages. Study all expected communication protocols and data representations to determine the required encoding strategies.
  • For any data that will be output to another web page, especially any data that was received from external inputs, use the appropriate encoding on all non-alphanumeric characters.
  • Parts of the same output document may require different encodings, which will vary depending on whether the output is in the:
  • etc. Note that HTML Entity Encoding is only appropriate for the HTML body.
  • Consult the XSS Prevention Cheat Sheet [REF-724] for more details on the types of encoding and escaping that are needed.
  • HTML body
  • Element attributes (such as src="XYZ")
  • URIs
  • JavaScript sections
  • Cascading Style Sheets and style property
Mitigation MIT-6
Architecture and Design Implementation

Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction

Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.

Mitigation MIT-15
Architecture and Design

For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.

Mitigation MIT-27
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Parameterization

If available, use structured mechanisms that automatically enforce the separation between data and code. These mechanisms may be able to provide the relevant quoting, encoding, and validation automatically, instead of relying on the developer to provide this capability at every point where output is generated.

Mitigation MIT-30.1
Implementation

Strategy: Output Encoding

  • Use and specify an output encoding that can be handled by the downstream component that is reading the output. Common encodings include ISO-8859-1, UTF-7, and UTF-8. When an encoding is not specified, a downstream component may choose a different encoding, either by assuming a default encoding or automatically inferring which encoding is being used, which can be erroneous. When the encodings are inconsistent, the downstream component might treat some character or byte sequences as special, even if they are not special in the original encoding. Attackers might then be able to exploit this discrepancy and conduct injection attacks; they even might be able to bypass protection mechanisms that assume the original encoding is also being used by the downstream component.
  • The problem of inconsistent output encodings often arises in web pages. If an encoding is not specified in an HTTP header, web browsers often guess about which encoding is being used. This can open up the browser to subtle XSS attacks.
Mitigation MIT-43
Implementation

With Struts, write all data from form beans with the bean's filter attribute set to true.

Mitigation MIT-31
Implementation

Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction

To help mitigate XSS attacks against the user's session cookie, set the session cookie to be HttpOnly. In browsers that support the HttpOnly feature (such as more recent versions of Internet Explorer and Firefox), this attribute can prevent the user's session cookie from being accessible to malicious client-side scripts that use document.cookie. This is not a complete solution, since HttpOnly is not supported by all browsers. More importantly, XmlHttpRequest and other powerful browser technologies provide read access to HTTP headers, including the Set-Cookie header in which the HttpOnly flag is set.

Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • When dynamically constructing web pages, use stringent allowlists that limit the character set based on the expected value of the parameter in the request. All input should be validated and cleansed, not just parameters that the user is supposed to specify, but all data in the request, including hidden fields, cookies, headers, the URL itself, and so forth. A common mistake that leads to continuing XSS vulnerabilities is to validate only fields that are expected to be redisplayed by the site. It is common to see data from the request that is reflected by the application server or the application that the development team did not anticipate. Also, a field that is not currently reflected may be used by a future developer. Therefore, validating ALL parts of the HTTP request is recommended.
  • Note that proper output encoding, escaping, and quoting is the most effective solution for preventing XSS, although input validation may provide some defense-in-depth. This is because it effectively limits what will appear in output. Input validation will not always prevent XSS, especially if you are required to support free-form text fields that could contain arbitrary characters. For example, in a chat application, the heart emoticon ("<3") would likely pass the validation step, since it is commonly used. However, it cannot be directly inserted into the web page because it contains the "<" character, which would need to be escaped or otherwise handled. In this case, stripping the "<" might reduce the risk of XSS, but it would produce incorrect behavior because the emoticon would not be recorded. This might seem to be a minor inconvenience, but it would be more important in a mathematical forum that wants to represent inequalities.
  • Even if you make a mistake in your validation (such as forgetting one out of 100 input fields), appropriate encoding is still likely to protect you from injection-based attacks. As long as it is not done in isolation, input validation is still a useful technique, since it may significantly reduce your attack surface, allow you to detect some attacks, and provide other security benefits that proper encoding does not address.
  • Ensure that you perform input validation at well-defined interfaces within the application. This will help protect the application even if a component is reused or moved elsewhere.
Mitigation MIT-21
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion

When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.

Mitigation MIT-29
Operation

Strategy: Firewall

Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].

Mitigation MIT-16
Operation Implementation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

When using PHP, configure the application so that it does not use register_globals. During implementation, develop the application so that it does not rely on this feature, but be wary of implementing a register_globals emulation that is subject to weaknesses such as CWE-95, CWE-621, and similar issues.

CAPEC-209: XSS Using MIME Type Mismatch

An adversary creates a file with scripting content but where the specified MIME type of the file is such that scripting is not expected. The adversary tricks the victim into accessing a URL that responds with the script file. Some browsers will detect that the specified MIME type of the file does not match the actual type of its content and will automatically switch to using an interpreter for the real content type. If the browser does not invoke script filters before doing this, the adversary's script may run on the target unsanitized, possibly revealing the victim's cookies or executing arbitrary script in their browser.

CAPEC-588: DOM-Based XSS

This type of attack is a form of Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) where a malicious script is inserted into the client-side HTML being parsed by a web browser. Content served by a vulnerable web application includes script code used to manipulate the Document Object Model (DOM). This script code either does not properly validate input, or does not perform proper output encoding, thus creating an opportunity for an adversary to inject a malicious script launch a XSS attack. A key distinction between other XSS attacks and DOM-based attacks is that in other XSS attacks, the malicious script runs when the vulnerable web page is initially loaded, while a DOM-based attack executes sometime after the page loads. Another distinction of DOM-based attacks is that in some cases, the malicious script is never sent to the vulnerable web server at all. An attack like this is guaranteed to bypass any server-side filtering attempts to protect users.

CAPEC-591: Reflected XSS

This type of attack is a form of Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) where a malicious script is "reflected" off a vulnerable web application and then executed by a victim's browser. The process starts with an adversary delivering a malicious script to a victim and convincing the victim to send the script to the vulnerable web application.

CAPEC-592: Stored XSS

An adversary utilizes a form of Cross-site Scripting (XSS) where a malicious script is persistently "stored" within the data storage of a vulnerable web application as valid input.

CAPEC-63: Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)

An adversary embeds malicious scripts in content that will be served to web browsers. The goal of the attack is for the target software, the client-side browser, to execute the script with the users' privilege level. An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that are brought on by allowing remote hosts to execute code and scripts. Web browsers, for example, have some simple security controls in place, but if a remote attacker is allowed to execute scripts (through injecting them in to user-generated content like bulletin boards) then these controls may be bypassed. Further, these attacks are very difficult for an end user to detect.

CAPEC-85: AJAX Footprinting

This attack utilizes the frequent client-server roundtrips in Ajax conversation to scan a system. While Ajax does not open up new vulnerabilities per se, it does optimize them from an attacker point of view. A common first step for an attacker is to footprint the target environment to understand what attacks will work. Since footprinting relies on enumeration, the conversational pattern of rapid, multiple requests and responses that are typical in Ajax applications enable an attacker to look for many vulnerabilities, well-known ports, network locations and so on. The knowledge gained through Ajax fingerprinting can be used to support other attacks, such as XSS.

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