Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-787
Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
16203 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-5568-G9WP-2CV7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-26 06:30 – Updated: 2024-09-25 03:30
VLAI
Details
A vulnerability exists in HCI IEC 60870-5-104 function included in certain versions of the RTU500 series product. The vulnerability can only be exploited, if the HCI 60870-5-104 is configured with support for IEC 62351-3. After session resumption interval is expired an RTU500 initiated update of session parameters causes an unexpected restart due to a stack overflow.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-4608"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-120",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-07-26T06:15:10Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability exists in HCI IEC 60870-5-104 function included in certain versions of the RTU500 series product. The vulnerability can only be exploited, if the HCI 60870-5-104 is configured with support for IEC 62351-3. After session resumption interval is expired an RTU500 initiated update of session parameters causes an unexpected restart due to a stack overflow.",
"id": "GHSA-5568-g9wp-2cv7",
"modified": "2024-09-25T03:30:33Z",
"published": "2023-07-26T06:30:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-4608"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://publisher.hitachienergy.com/preview?DocumentID=8DBD000121\u0026LanguageCode=en\u0026DocumentPartId=\u0026Action=Launch"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://search.abb.com/library/Download.aspx?DocumentID=8DBD000121\u0026LanguageCode=en\u0026DocumentPartId=\u0026Action=Launch"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-556C-QPR9-626C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:36 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:36
VLAI
Details
An out-of-bounds write flaw was found in the way Pidgin before 2.12.0 processed XML content. A malicious remote server could potentially use this flaw to crash Pidgin or execute arbitrary code in the context of the pidgin process.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-2640"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-07-27T18:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An out-of-bounds write flaw was found in the way Pidgin before 2.12.0 processed XML content. A malicious remote server could potentially use this flaw to crash Pidgin or execute arbitrary code in the context of the pidgin process.",
"id": "GHSA-556c-qpr9-626c",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:36:52Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:36:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-2640"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017:1854"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2017-2640"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201706-10"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2017/dsa-3806"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/96775"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-556J-Q98G-F3CV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-02 21:31 – Updated: 2026-03-06 06:30
VLAI
Details
In multiple functions of mem_protect.c, there is a possible out-of-bounds write due to a logic error in the code. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-0032"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-269",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-02T19:16:31Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In multiple functions of mem_protect.c, there is a possible out-of-bounds write due to a logic error in the code. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.",
"id": "GHSA-556j-q98g-f3cv",
"modified": "2026-03-06T06:30:31Z",
"published": "2026-03-02T21:31:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-0032"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://android.googlesource.com/kernel/common/+/048aebb861d2f3ed4d260a4c9f4e72a43cae9b1e"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://android.googlesource.com/kernel/common/+/33eb6bde43d03bd826214bbb390de62ca19621b9"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/docs/security/bulletin/2026/2026-03-01"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2026-03-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5579-33MM-X832
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:05 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:05
VLAI
Details
A CWE-787: Out-of-bounds write vulnerability exists inIGSS Definition (Def.exe) V15.0.0.21140 and prior that could result in loss of data or remote code execution due to missing size checks, when a malicious WSP (Workspace) file is being parsed by IGSS Definition.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-22752"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-06-11T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A CWE-787: Out-of-bounds write vulnerability exists inIGSS Definition (Def.exe) V15.0.0.21140 and prior that could result in loss of data or remote code execution due to missing size checks, when a malicious WSP (Workspace) file is being parsed by IGSS Definition.",
"id": "GHSA-5579-33mm-x832",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:05:04Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:05:04Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-22752"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://download.schneider-electric.com/files?p_Doc_Ref=SEVD-2021-159-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-557R-RM2W-QVRJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-07 18:30 – Updated: 2025-11-04 00:31
VLAI
Details
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
usb: gadget: configfs: Prevent OOB read/write in usb_string_copy()
Userspace provided string 's' could trivially have the length zero. Left
unchecked this will firstly result in an OOB read in the form
if (str[0 - 1] == '\n') followed closely by an OOB write in the formstr[0 - 1] = '\0'`.
There is already a validating check to catch strings that are too long. Let's supply an additional check for invalid strings that are too short.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-42236"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-08-07T16:15:46Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nusb: gadget: configfs: Prevent OOB read/write in usb_string_copy()\n\nUserspace provided string \u0027s\u0027 could trivially have the length zero. Left\nunchecked this will firstly result in an OOB read in the form\n`if (str[0 - 1] == \u0027\\n\u0027) followed closely by an OOB write in the form\n`str[0 - 1] = \u0027\\0\u0027`.\n\nThere is already a validating check to catch strings that are too long.\nLet\u0027s supply an additional check for invalid strings that are too short.",
"id": "GHSA-557r-rm2w-qvrj",
"modified": "2025-11-04T00:31:10Z",
"published": "2024-08-07T18:30:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-42236"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2d16f63d8030903e5031853e79d731ee5d474e70"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6d3c721e686ea6c59e18289b400cc95c76e927e0"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/72b8ee0d9826e8ed00e0bdfce3e46b98419b37ce"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a444c3fc264119801575ab086e03fb4952f23fd0"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c95fbdde87e39e5e0ae27f28bf6711edfb985caa"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d1205033e912f9332c1dbefa812e6ceb0575ce0a"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e8474a10c535e6a2024c3b06e37e4a3a23beb490"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/eecfefad0953b2f31aaefa058f7f348ff39c4bba"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/01/msg00001.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5597-54M5-F56X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:46 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:46
VLAI
Details
Mozilla developers and community members reported memory safety bugs present in Firefox 86 and Firefox ESR 78.8. Some of these bugs showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort some of these could have been exploited to run arbitrary code. This vulnerability affects Firefox ESR < 78.9, Thunderbird < 78.9, and Firefox < 87.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-23987"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-03-31T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Mozilla developers and community members reported memory safety bugs present in Firefox 86 and Firefox ESR 78.8. Some of these bugs showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort some of these could have been exploited to run arbitrary code. This vulnerability affects Firefox ESR \u003c 78.9, Thunderbird \u003c 78.9, and Firefox \u003c 87.",
"id": "GHSA-5597-54m5-f56x",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:46:00Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:46:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-23987"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/buglist.cgi?bug_id=1513519%2C1683439%2C1690169%2C1690718"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202104-09"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202104-10"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2021-10"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2021-11"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2021-12"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-55C9-7C64-6XRP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-24 21:33 – Updated: 2026-08-24 21:33
VLAI
Details
A maliciously crafted ABC file, when parsed through Autodesk 3ds Max, can force an Out-of-Bounds Write vulnerability. A malicious actor may leverage this vulnerability to cause a crash, cause data corruption, or execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-16783"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-24T21:16:49Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A maliciously crafted ABC file, when parsed through Autodesk 3ds Max, can force an Out-of-Bounds Write vulnerability. A malicious actor may leverage this vulnerability to cause a crash, cause data corruption, or execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process.",
"id": "GHSA-55c9-7c64-6xrp",
"modified": "2026-08-24T21:33:46Z",
"published": "2026-08-24T21:33:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-16783"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.autodesk.com/products/autodesk-access/overview"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.autodesk.com/trust/security-advisories/adsk-sa-2026-0014"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-55F6-4W26-67QJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:19 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:19
VLAI
Details
A heap-based buffer overflow in PotPlayerMini.exe in PotPlayer 1.7.8556 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a .wav file with large BytesPerSec and SamplesPerSec values, and a small Data_Chunk_Size value.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-16797"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-09-10T13:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A heap-based buffer overflow in PotPlayerMini.exe in PotPlayer 1.7.8556 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a .wav file with large BytesPerSec and SamplesPerSec values, and a small Data_Chunk_Size value.",
"id": "GHSA-55f6-4w26-67qj",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:19:18Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:19:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-16797"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://nightohl.tistory.com/entry/PotPlayer-Audiowav-File-Vulnerabilitiy?category=780012"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-55F6-PF8R-C2F4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-06 16:41 – Updated: 2026-07-06 16:41
VLAI
Summary
Open Babel has out-of-bounds write in MOPAC translationVectors[] (UNIT CELL TRANSLATION)
Details
Summary
A memory-safety vulnerability in Open Babel's MOPAC output parser
allowed an out-of-bounds write into the translationVectors[] array
when reading the "UNIT CELL TRANSLATION" block of a crafted input
file.
Details
The MOPAC output reader stored translation vectors from the UNIT CELL
TRANSLATION block into a fixed-size translationVectors[] array. A
malformed block could push more vectors than the array had slots,
causing a write past the end of the array. One of five
translationVectors[] OOB writes in the TALOS 2022 batch.
Impact
Open Babel is a C++ library and CLI used to read and write chemistry
file formats; it is shipped by Linux distributions and embedded in
services that may parse untrusted input. Triggering this vulnerability
requires the victim to open a malicious MOPAC output file with the
obabel tool, the OBConversion API, or any of the language
bindings (Python, Ruby, Java, R, Perl, C#, PHP).
Affected versions
All releases up to and including 3.1.1.
Patched version
3.2.0 (released 2026-05-26).
Patch
Fix commit: https://github.com/openbabel/openbabel/commit/40e85213
A minimized reproducer for this CVE is checked in under
test/files/fuzz_regress/ and is exercised on every CI build under
ASAN+UBSAN by the fuzzregresstest harness.
Credit
Reported by Cisco TALOS.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "openbabel"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.2.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-46292"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-07-06T16:41:43Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Summary\n\nA memory-safety vulnerability in Open Babel\u0027s MOPAC output parser\nallowed an out-of-bounds write into the `translationVectors[]` array\nwhen reading the \"UNIT CELL TRANSLATION\" block of a crafted input\nfile.\n\n### Details\n\nThe MOPAC output reader stored translation vectors from the UNIT CELL\nTRANSLATION block into a fixed-size `translationVectors[]` array. A\nmalformed block could push more vectors than the array had slots,\ncausing a write past the end of the array. One of five\n`translationVectors[]` OOB writes in the TALOS 2022 batch.\n\n### Impact\n\nOpen Babel is a C++ library and CLI used to read and write chemistry\nfile formats; it is shipped by Linux distributions and embedded in\nservices that may parse untrusted input. Triggering this vulnerability\nrequires the victim to open a malicious MOPAC output file with the\n`obabel` tool, the `OBConversion` API, or any of the language\nbindings (Python, Ruby, Java, R, Perl, C#, PHP).\n\n### Affected versions\n\nAll releases up to and including 3.1.1.\n\n### Patched version\n\n3.2.0 (released 2026-05-26).\n\n### Patch\n\nFix commit: https://github.com/openbabel/openbabel/commit/40e85213\n\nA minimized reproducer for this CVE is checked in under\n`test/files/fuzz_regress/` and is exercised on every CI build under\nASAN+UBSAN by the `fuzzregresstest` harness.\n\n### Credit\n\nReported by Cisco TALOS.",
"id": "GHSA-55f6-pf8r-c2f4",
"modified": "2026-07-06T16:41:43Z",
"published": "2026-07-06T16:41:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openbabel/openbabel/security/advisories/GHSA-55f6-pf8r-c2f4"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-46292"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openbabel/openbabel/commit/40e852138f21d586b7ccdce6329e7b23a87168bb"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/openbabel/openbabel"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2022-1666"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2022-1666"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Open Babel has out-of-bounds write in MOPAC translationVectors[] (UNIT CELL TRANSLATION)"
}
GHSA-55F8-868V-FCP6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 22:28 – Updated: 2022-05-24 22:28
VLAI
Details
The affected product’s code base doesn’t properly control arguments for specific functions, which could lead to a stack overflow.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-38473"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-10-22T12:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The affected product\u2019s code base doesn\u2019t properly control arguments for specific functions, which could lead to a stack overflow.",
"id": "GHSA-55f8-868v-fcp6",
"modified": "2022-05-24T22:28:14Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T22:28:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-38473"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-21-292-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.