CWE-787
Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
16203 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-4VVC-HP8X-P32M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:50 – Updated: 2022-11-25 21:30Insufficient validation of environment variables in the telnet client supplied in Junos OS can lead to stack-based buffer overflows, which can be exploited to bypass veriexec restrictions on Junos OS. A stack-based overflow is present in the handling of environment variables when connecting via the telnet client to remote telnet servers. This issue only affects the telnet client ? accessible from the CLI or shell ? in Junos OS. Inbound telnet services are not affected by this issue. This issue affects: Juniper Networks Junos OS: 12.3 versions prior to 12.3R12-S13; 12.3X48 versions prior to 12.3X48-D80; 14.1X53 versions prior to 14.1X53-D130, 14.1X53-D49; 15.1 versions prior to 15.1F6-S12, 15.1R7-S4; 15.1X49 versions prior to 15.1X49-D170; 15.1X53 versions prior to 15.1X53-D237, 15.1X53-D496, 15.1X53-D591, 15.1X53-D69; 16.1 versions prior to 16.1R3-S11, 16.1R7-S4; 16.2 versions prior to 16.2R2-S9; 17.1 versions prior to 17.1R3; 17.2 versions prior to 17.2R1-S8, 17.2R2-S7, 17.2R3-S1; 17.3 versions prior to 17.3R3-S4; 17.4 versions prior to 17.4R1-S6, 17.4R2-S3, 17.4R3; 18.1 versions prior to 18.1R2-S4, 18.1R3-S3; 18.2 versions prior to 18.2R1-S5, 18.2R2-S2, 18.2R3; 18.2X75 versions prior to 18.2X75-D40; 18.3 versions prior to 18.3R1-S3, 18.3R2; 18.4 versions prior to 18.4R1-S2, 18.4R2.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-0053"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-07-11T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Insufficient validation of environment variables in the telnet client supplied in Junos OS can lead to stack-based buffer overflows, which can be exploited to bypass veriexec restrictions on Junos OS. A stack-based overflow is present in the handling of environment variables when connecting via the telnet client to remote telnet servers. This issue only affects the telnet client ? accessible from the CLI or shell ? in Junos OS. Inbound telnet services are not affected by this issue. This issue affects: Juniper Networks Junos OS: 12.3 versions prior to 12.3R12-S13; 12.3X48 versions prior to 12.3X48-D80; 14.1X53 versions prior to 14.1X53-D130, 14.1X53-D49; 15.1 versions prior to 15.1F6-S12, 15.1R7-S4; 15.1X49 versions prior to 15.1X49-D170; 15.1X53 versions prior to 15.1X53-D237, 15.1X53-D496, 15.1X53-D591, 15.1X53-D69; 16.1 versions prior to 16.1R3-S11, 16.1R7-S4; 16.2 versions prior to 16.2R2-S9; 17.1 versions prior to 17.1R3; 17.2 versions prior to 17.2R1-S8, 17.2R2-S7, 17.2R3-S1; 17.3 versions prior to 17.3R3-S4; 17.4 versions prior to 17.4R1-S6, 17.4R2-S3, 17.4R3; 18.1 versions prior to 18.1R2-S4, 18.1R3-S3; 18.2 versions prior to 18.2R1-S5, 18.2R2-S2, 18.2R3; 18.2X75 versions prior to 18.2X75-D40; 18.3 versions prior to 18.3R1-S3, 18.3R2; 18.4 versions prior to 18.4R1-S2, 18.4R2.",
"id": "GHSA-4vvc-hp8x-p32m",
"modified": "2022-11-25T21:30:26Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:50:02Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-0053"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://kb.juniper.net/JSA10947"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/11/msg00033.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/10/msg00013.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://seclists.org/bugtraq/2019/Jul/45"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.FreeBSD.org/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-19:12.telnet.asc"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/45982"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/153746/FreeBSD-Security-Advisory-FreeBSD-SA-19-12.telnet.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4VVF-GM8Q-CF8P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-25 18:31 – Updated: 2026-09-03 15:32There is a memory corruption vulnerability recently discovered in NI LabVIEW that may result in information disclosure or arbitrary code execution. Successful exploitation requires an attacker to get a user to open a specially crafted VI. This vulnerability affects NI LabVIEW 2026 Q3 (26.3.0) and prior versions.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-64203"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-25T17:17:59Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "There is a memory corruption vulnerability recently\ndiscovered in NI LabVIEW that may result in information disclosure or arbitrary\ncode execution.\u00a0 Successful exploitation requires an attacker to get a\nuser to open a specially crafted VI.\u00a0 This vulnerability affects NI\nLabVIEW 2026 Q3 (26.3.0) and prior versions.",
"id": "GHSA-4vvf-gm8q-cf8p",
"modified": "2026-09-03T15:32:02Z",
"published": "2026-08-25T18:31:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-64203"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ni.com/en/support/security/available-critical-and-security-updates-for-ni-software/2026/memory-corruption-vulnerabilities-ni-labview.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-4VVQ-7GFJ-3JV6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-09-25 00:00 – Updated: 2022-09-28 00:00SWFTools commit 772e55a2 was discovered to contain a heap-buffer overflow via DCTStream::readHuffSym(DCTHuffTable*) at /xpdf/Stream.cc.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-35094"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-09-23T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "SWFTools commit 772e55a2 was discovered to contain a heap-buffer overflow via DCTStream::readHuffSym(DCTHuffTable*) at /xpdf/Stream.cc.",
"id": "GHSA-4vvq-7gfj-3jv6",
"modified": "2022-09-28T00:00:25Z",
"published": "2022-09-25T00:00:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-35094"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/matthiaskramm/swftools/issues/182"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Cvjark/Poc/blob/main/swftools/pdf2swf/CVE-2022-35094.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4VW5-2P3H-M4GX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-08-26 00:03 – Updated: 2022-08-27 00:00Tenda AC1206 V15.03.06.23 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the function formSetClientState.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-37807"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-08-25T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Tenda AC1206 V15.03.06.23 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the function formSetClientState.",
"id": "GHSA-4vw5-2p3h-m4gx",
"modified": "2022-08-27T00:00:52Z",
"published": "2022-08-26T00:03:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-37807"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Darry-lang1/vuln/tree/main/Tenda/AC1206/10"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4VX6-93Q8-5VCF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:39 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:39Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV110W, RV130, RV130W, and RV215W Routers could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code or cause an affected device to restart unexpectedly. The vulnerabilities are due to improper validation of user-supplied input in the web-based management interface. An attacker could exploit these vulnerabilities by sending crafted HTTP requests to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code as the root user on the underlying operating system or cause the device to reload, resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition. To exploit these vulnerabilities, an attacker would need to have valid administrator credentials on the affected device. Cisco has not released software updates that address these vulnerabilities.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-1209"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-01-13T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV110W, RV130, RV130W, and RV215W Routers could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code or cause an affected device to restart unexpectedly. The vulnerabilities are due to improper validation of user-supplied input in the web-based management interface. An attacker could exploit these vulnerabilities by sending crafted HTTP requests to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code as the root user on the underlying operating system or cause the device to reload, resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition. To exploit these vulnerabilities, an attacker would need to have valid administrator credentials on the affected device. Cisco has not released software updates that address these vulnerabilities.",
"id": "GHSA-4vx6-93q8-5vcf",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:39:09Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:39:09Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-1209"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-rv-overflow-WUnUgv4U"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-4VXG-JP55-CRG9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-06-16 00:00 – Updated: 2022-06-25 00:01In nci_proc_rf_management_ntf of nci_hrcv.cc, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to remote information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-10 Android-11 Android-12 Android-12LAndroid ID: A-221856662
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-20131"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-06-15T13:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In nci_proc_rf_management_ntf of nci_hrcv.cc, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to remote information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-10 Android-11 Android-12 Android-12LAndroid ID: A-221856662",
"id": "GHSA-4vxg-jp55-crg9",
"modified": "2022-06-25T00:01:03Z",
"published": "2022-06-16T00:00:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-20131"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2022-06-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4W26-8P97-F4JP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-21 22:43 – Updated: 2025-04-09 20:14Vyper handles AugAssign statements by first caching the target location to avoid double evaluation. However, in the case when target is an access to a DynArray and the rhs modifies the array, the cached target will evaluate first, and the bounds check will not be re-evaluated during the write portion of the statement. In other words, the following code
def poc():
a: DynArray[uint256, 2] = [1, 2]
a[1] += a.pop()
is equivalent to:
def poc():
a: DynArray[uint256, 2] = [1, 2]
a[1] += a[len(a) - 1]
a.pop()
rather than:
def poc():
a: DynArray[uint256, 2] = [1, 2]
s: uint256 = a[1]
t: uint256 = a.pop()
a[1] = s + t # reverts due to oob access
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 0.4.0"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "vyper"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.4.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-27105"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2025-02-21T22:43:33Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-21T22:15:13Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "Vyper handles AugAssign statements by first caching the target location to avoid double evaluation. However, in the case when target is an access to a DynArray and the rhs modifies the array, the cached target will evaluate first, and the bounds check will not be re-evaluated during the write portion of the statement. In other words, the following code\n\n```vyper\ndef poc():\n a: DynArray[uint256, 2] = [1, 2]\n a[1] += a.pop()\n```\n\nis equivalent to:\n```vyper\ndef poc():\n a: DynArray[uint256, 2] = [1, 2]\n a[1] += a[len(a) - 1]\n a.pop()\n```\nrather than:\n```vyper\ndef poc():\n a: DynArray[uint256, 2] = [1, 2]\n s: uint256 = a[1]\n t: uint256 = a.pop()\n a[1] = s + t # reverts due to oob access\n```",
"id": "GHSA-4w26-8p97-f4jp",
"modified": "2025-04-09T20:14:00Z",
"published": "2025-02-21T22:43:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/vyperlang/vyper/security/advisories/GHSA-4w26-8p97-f4jp"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-27105"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/vyper/PYSEC-2025-31.yaml"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/vyperlang/vyper"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "AugAssign evaluation order causing OOB write within the object in Vyper"
}
GHSA-4W28-6QPV-X7C2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:18 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:18In all android releases(Android for MSM, Firefox OS for MSM, QRD Android) from CAF using the linux kernel, there is a potential heap overflow and memory corruption due to improper error handling in SOC infrastructure.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-11919"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-11-27T16:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In all android releases(Android for MSM, Firefox OS for MSM, QRD Android) from CAF using the linux kernel, there is a potential heap overflow and memory corruption due to improper error handling in SOC infrastructure.",
"id": "GHSA-4w28-6qpv-x7c2",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:18:58Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:18:58Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-11919"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.codeaurora.org/quic/la/kernel/msm-4.4/commit/?id=085e7272b4c5a41b1ab26c683591864aefab14fe"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.codeaurora.org/quic/la/kernel/msm-4.9/commit/?id=87925782e640efb493f21bf0e255b6a638eea334"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.codeaurora.org/quic/qsdk/oss/kernel/linux-msm/commit/?id=456a408d62cef797107e3b0de7d05bb211742bbd"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.codeaurora.org/security-bulletin/2018/11/05/november-2018-code-aurora-forum-security-bulletin"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4W52-FRXP-J5CW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:44 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:44In GenerateFaceMask of face.cc, there is a possible out of bounds write due to an incorrect bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android kernelAndroid ID: A-172005755
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-0465"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-03-10T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In GenerateFaceMask of face.cc, there is a possible out of bounds write due to an incorrect bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android kernelAndroid ID: A-172005755",
"id": "GHSA-4w52-frxp-j5cw",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:44:11Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:44:11Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-0465"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/pixel/2021-03-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-4W64-5Q6Q-FCH9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:20 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:20Adobe Acrobat and Reader 2018.011.20040 and earlier, 2017.011.30080 and earlier, and 2015.006.30418 and earlier versions have a Heap Overflow vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-5032"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-07-20T19:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Adobe Acrobat and Reader 2018.011.20040 and earlier, 2017.011.30080 and earlier, and 2015.006.30418 and earlier versions have a Heap Overflow vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user.",
"id": "GHSA-4w64-5q6q-fch9",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:20:18Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:20:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-5032"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/acrobat/apsb18-21.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1041250"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.