Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-787

Allowed-with-Review

Out-of-bounds Write

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.

16194 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-54634 (GCVE-0-2026-54634)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-17 21:52 – Updated: 2026-09-18 14:43
VLAI
Title
Hamlib: rigctld `send_raw` Stack Out-of-Bounds Write and Uninitialized Memory Disclosure
Summary
Hamlib is a ham radio control library for radios, rotators, and amplifiers. Prior to 4.7.2, the unauthenticated rigctld send_raw command on TCP port 4532 reaches rigctl_send_raw() in tests/rigctl_parse.c, which writes a NUL byte at buf[buf_len + 1] outside its 200-byte stack buffer, and rig_send_raw() in src/rig.c, which copies reply_len - 1 bytes instead of the actual nbytes received. A remote client can send the CR terminator with a short payload to trigger both flaws in one command under the default no-password configuration. The out-of-bounds write can crash the daemon or corrupt adjacent stack memory, while the oversized copy can return up to 198 bytes of uninitialized stack data to the client. This issue is fixed in version 4.7.2.
Severity
7.3 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-18 14:40 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-787 - Out-of-bounds Write
  • CWE-908 - Use of Uninitialized Resource
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Hamlib Hamlib Affected: < 4.7.2
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Show details on NVD website
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CVE-2026-54627 (GCVE-0-2026-54627)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-17 19:47 – Updated: 2026-09-18 20:10
VLAI
Title
SAIL: Heap out-of-bounds write in SAIL PSD decoder (Bitmap mode ignores depth)
Summary
SAIL is a cross-platform library for loading and saving images with support for animation, metadata, and ICC profiles. In 0.9.10 and earlier, psd_private_sail_pixel_format() in src/sail-codecs/psd/helpers.c resolves a one-channel PSD in Bitmap color mode to SAIL_PIXEL_FORMAT_BPP1_INDEXED without requiring the file depth to be one, so the pixel buffer uses one-bit rows while sail_codec_load_frame_v8_psd() in src/sail-codecs/psd/psd.c accepts depth == 8 and writes one attacker-controlled byte per pixel. Loading a crafted PSD through sail_load_from_file() or sail_load_from_memory() therefore writes beyond each heap row, causing memory corruption, a reliable crash, or potential code execution. This mode/depth mismatch is distinct from GHSA-rcqx-gc76-r9mv and GHSA-wcj8-hxxf-pq2c. This issue is fixed in version 1.0.0.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-18 20:09 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
HappySeaFox sail Affected: < 1.0.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-54626 (GCVE-0-2026-54626)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-17 19:46 – Updated: 2026-09-17 20:21
VLAI
Title
SAIL: Heap out-of-bounds write in SAIL TGA decoder (indexed-RLE bpp/stride mismatch)
Summary
SAIL is a cross-platform library for loading and saving images with support for animation, metadata, and ICC profiles. In 0.9.10 and earlier, the TGA_INDEXED_RLE path selected by image_type == 9 allocates an image buffer using the one-byte-per-pixel SAIL_PIXEL_FORMAT_BPP8_INDEXED format returned by tga_private_sail_pixel_format() in src/sail-codecs/tga/helpers.c, while sail_codec_load_frame_v8_tga() in src/sail-codecs/tga/tga.c derives a two-to-four-byte pixel_size from an attacker-controlled header bpp value from 9 through 32. Loading a crafted color-mapped run-length-encoded TGA through sail_load_from_file() or sail_load_from_memory() therefore writes attacker-controlled bytes beyond the heap pixel buffer. The pixel-count clamp added for CVE-2026-40494 does not constrain the per-pixel write width, so this issue is an incomplete fix of that vulnerability and can cause heap corruption, a reliable crash, or potential code execution. This issue is fixed in version 1.0.0.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-17 20:20 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
HappySeaFox sail Affected: < 1.0.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-54592 (GCVE-0-2026-54592)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-30 23:16 – Updated: 2026-07-01 12:35
VLAI
Title
Oj: Stack Buffer Overflow in Oj::Doc#each_child via Deeply Nested Input
Summary
Oj (Optimized JSON) is a JSON parser and Object marshaller packaged as a Ruby gem. In versions prior to 3.17.3, Oj::Doc#each_child, when invoked recursively over a deeply nested JSON document, overflows a fixed-size stack buffer and aborts the process, leading to DoS. In a two-step chain in ext/oj/fast.c, doc_each_child increments doc->where past the where_path[MAX_STACK = 100] array with no bounds check and never restores it (the doc->where-- is missing), so calling each_child recursively from inside the yield block drives doc->where beyond the array. On the next entry the function copies the path into the 800-byte stack-local buffer save_path[MAX_STACK] using wlen = doc->where - doc->where_path, so when the previous recursive call left doc->where past where_path[100] the wlen exceeds MAX_STACK and the memcpy overflows save_path on the C stack; because the Oj::Doc parser imposes no JSON nesting-depth limit (relying on a C-stack pressure check), deeply nested attacker input reaches this path. This issue has been fixed in version 3.17.3.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-01 12:35 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
ohler55 oj Affected: < 3.17.3
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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        ],
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CVE-2026-54410 (GCVE-0-2026-54410)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-14 17:10 – Updated: 2026-08-10 11:43
VLAI
Title
nanoMODBUS Off-by-One Buffer Overflow in recv_msg_header() via Crafted MBAP Length Field
Summary
nanoMODBUS through v1.23.0 contains an off-by-one buffer overflow in the recv_msg_header function of the Modbus/TCP server that allows remote unauthenticated attackers to write one attacker-controlled byte past the end of the 260-byte receive buffer by sending a crafted MBAP frame whose Length field is set to 255.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/AU:Y
8.6 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-15 17:00 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
debevv nanoMODBUS Affected: 0 , ≤ 1.23.0 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-06-14 17:10
Credits
Burxonov Muslimbek
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-54334 (GCVE-0-2026-54334)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-14 20:06 – Updated: 2026-09-16 18:35
VLAI
Title
UEFI Firmware Parser: Heap out-of-bounds write in tiano decompressor `ReadCLen`
Summary
UEFI Firmware Parser parses BIOS, Intel ME, and UEFI firmware structures including volumes, file systems, and files. Prior to 1.14, ReadCLen() in uefi_firmware/compression/Tiano/Decompress.c reads Number from GetBits(Sd, CBIT) with CBIT = 9 and can obtain 511 entries for the 510-element Sd->mCLen heap array because its loop does not enforce Index < NC. The CharC == 2 run-length path can additionally request up to 531 zero writes through Sd->mCLen[Index++] = 0. The normal CompressedSection.process() to efi_compressor.TianoDecompress() to TianoDecompress() to DecodeC() to ReadCLen() parsing path therefore permits crafted Tiano or EFI compressed firmware to corrupt heap memory, deterministically crash the parsing process, and potentially execute code depending on build and runtime details. This issue is fixed in version 1.14.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-16 18:35 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-54333 (GCVE-0-2026-54333)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-14 20:05 – Updated: 2026-09-15 13:55
VLAI
Title
UEFI Firmware Parser: Stack out-of-bounds write in tiano decompressor MakeTable
Summary
UEFI Firmware Parser parses BIOS, Intel ME, and UEFI firmware structures including volumes, file systems, and files. Prior to 1.14, MakeTable() in uefi_firmware/compression/Tiano/Decompress.c does not validate that bit-length values read from a crafted Tiano or EFI compressed firmware bitstream remain within the expected range from 0 through 16. The normal CompressedSection.process() to efi_compressor.TianoDecompress() to TianoDecompress() to ReadPTLen() to MakeTable() parsing path can consequently write beyond the stack-allocated Count[17] array and related decode tables. The resulting stack corruption deterministically crashes the parsing process and may permit code execution depending on build and runtime details. This issue is fixed in version 1.14.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-15 13:30 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-54240 (GCVE-0-2026-54240)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-11 21:20 – Updated: 2026-09-14 18:37
VLAI
Title
libde265: Pixel accessor signed integer overflow causes heap OOB read/write
Summary
libde265 is an open source implementation of the h.265 video codec. Versions prior to 1.1.1 use signed 32-bit arithmetic to calculate pixel offsets, allowing a crafted HEVC stream with large image dimensions to trigger an integer overflow and cause out-of-bounds heap reads or writes, potentially disclosing data, corrupting memory, or crashing the decoder. Version 1.1.1 contains a patch.
Severity
7.4 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-14 18:37 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-190 - Integer Overflow or Wraparound
  • CWE-787 - Out-of-bounds Write
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
strukturag libde265 Affected: < 1.1.1
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-54212 (GCVE-0-2026-54212)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-07 09:47 – Updated: 2026-09-07 12:58
VLAI
Title
TeamDavid: Buffer Overflow in JSON-parsing
Summary
Tobit Laboratories AG TeamDavid's Webbox application implements an API endpoint that is vulnerable to a buffer overflow condition. By submitting a specially crafted JSON body, such as one that is at least 8 characters long and begins with a number, an unauthenticated attacker can cause the server to crash, resulting in denial of service. Depending on the stack state or if a stack canary can be disclosed through another vulnerability, this buffer overflow could potentially lead to remote code execution and full compromise of the server. This issue affects TeamDavid before Rollout 528. Starting with Rollout 528 (June 30, 2026), the affected functionality is disabled by default and the vulnerabilities are therefore no longer exposed through this functionality.
Severity
9.5 (Critical)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-07 14:38 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Tobit Laboratories AG TeamDavid Affected: 0 , < Rollout 528 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Lucas Dodgson of InfoGuard Labs
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-54211 (GCVE-0-2026-54211)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-07 09:46 – Updated: 2026-09-07 12:58
VLAI
Title
TeamDavid: Buffer Overflow in multiple form data parameters
Summary
Tobit Laboratories AG TeamDavid's Webbox application’s endpoint “//serverClient_close.html” is vulnerable to a buffer overflow vulnerability in multiple form data parameters. By submitting excessively long values in these parameters, an authenticated attacker can trigger a server crash, resulting in denial of service. Depending on the stack state or if a stack canary can be disclosed through another vulnerability, this buffer overflow could potentially be exploited for remote code execution, leading to full compromise of the server. This issue affects TeamDavid before Rollout 528. Starting with Rollout 528 (June 30, 2026), the affected functionality is disabled by default and the vulnerabilities are therefore no longer exposed through this functionality.
Severity
9.5 (Critical)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-07 14:39 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Tobit Laboratories AG TeamDavid Affected: 0 , < Rollout 528 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Dario Weiss of InfoGuard Labs
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements

Strategy: Language Selection

  • Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
  • Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
  • D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
  • Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
  • Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
  • When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
  • Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
  • If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
  • Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation

Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.

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