Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-787
Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
16203 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-XCJM-XJ2H-J7MX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:38 – Updated: 2022-05-14 01:38
VLAI
Details
An issue was discovered in Foxit 3D Plugin Beta before 9.4.0.16807 for Foxit Reader and PhantomPDF. The application could encounter an Out-of-Bounds Write and crash during the handling of certain PDF files that embed specifically crafted 3D content, because of the improper handling of a logic exception in the IFXASSERT function.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-6982"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-01-28T09:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in Foxit 3D Plugin Beta before 9.4.0.16807 for Foxit Reader and PhantomPDF. The application could encounter an Out-of-Bounds Write and crash during the handling of certain PDF files that embed specifically crafted 3D content, because of the improper handling of a logic exception in the IFXASSERT function.",
"id": "GHSA-xcjm-xj2h-j7mx",
"modified": "2022-05-14T01:38:48Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T01:38:48Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-6982"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.foxitsoftware.com/support/security-bulletins.php"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XCJX-G6H3-96JC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-26 00:30 – Updated: 2025-05-26 00:30
VLAI
Details
Buffer overflow in WebService Authentication processing of Small Office Multifunction Printers and Laser Printers() which may allow an attacker on the network segment to trigger the affected product being unresponsive or to execute arbitrary code. : Satera MF656Cdw/Satera MF654Cdw/Satera MF551dw/Satera MF457dw firmware v05.07 and earlier sold in Japan. Color imageCLASS MF656Cdw/Color imageCLASS MF654Cdw/Color imageCLASS MF653Cdw/Color imageCLASS MF652Cdw/Color imageCLASS LBP633Cdw/Color imageCLASS LBP632Cdw/imageCLASS MF455dw/imageCLASS MF453dw/imageCLASS MF452dw/imageCLASS MF451dw/imageCLASS LBP237dw/imageCLASS LBP236dw/imageCLASS X MF1238 II/imageCLASS X MF1643i II/imageCLASS X MF1643iF II/imageCLASS X LBP1238 II firmware v05.07 and earlier sold in US. i-SENSYS MF657Cdw/i-SENSYS MF655Cdw/i-SENSYS MF651Cdw/i-SENSYS LBP633Cdw/i-SENSYS LBP631Cdw/i-SENSYS MF553dw/i-SENSYS MF552dw/i-SENSYS MF455dw/i-SENSYS MF453dw/i-SENSYS LBP236dw/i-SENSYS LBP233dw/imageRUNNER 1643iF II/imageRUNNER 1643i II/i-SENSYS X 1238iF II/i-SENSYS X 1238i II/i-SENSYS X 1238P II/i-SENSYS X 1238Pr II firmware v05.07 and earlier sold in Europe.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-2146"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-05-26T00:15:19Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Buffer overflow in WebService Authentication processing of Small Office Multifunction Printers and Laser Printers(*) which may allow an attacker on the network segment to trigger the affected product being unresponsive or to execute arbitrary code. *: Satera MF656Cdw/Satera MF654Cdw/Satera MF551dw/Satera MF457dw firmware v05.07 and earlier sold in Japan. Color imageCLASS MF656Cdw/Color imageCLASS MF654Cdw/Color imageCLASS MF653Cdw/Color imageCLASS MF652Cdw/Color imageCLASS LBP633Cdw/Color imageCLASS LBP632Cdw/imageCLASS MF455dw/imageCLASS MF453dw/imageCLASS MF452dw/imageCLASS MF451dw/imageCLASS LBP237dw/imageCLASS LBP236dw/imageCLASS X MF1238 II/imageCLASS X MF1643i II/imageCLASS X MF1643iF II/imageCLASS X LBP1238 II firmware v05.07 and earlier sold in US. i-SENSYS MF657Cdw/i-SENSYS MF655Cdw/i-SENSYS MF651Cdw/i-SENSYS LBP633Cdw/i-SENSYS LBP631Cdw/i-SENSYS MF553dw/i-SENSYS MF552dw/i-SENSYS MF455dw/i-SENSYS MF453dw/i-SENSYS LBP236dw/i-SENSYS LBP233dw/imageRUNNER 1643iF II/imageRUNNER 1643i II/i-SENSYS X 1238iF II/i-SENSYS X 1238i II/i-SENSYS X 1238P II/i-SENSYS X 1238Pr II firmware v05.07 and earlier sold in Europe.",
"id": "GHSA-xcjx-g6h3-96jc",
"modified": "2025-05-26T00:30:33Z",
"published": "2025-05-26T00:30:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-2146"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://canon.jp/support/support-info/250127vulnerability-response"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://psirt.canon/advisory-information/cp2025-001"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.canon-europe.com/support/product-security/#news"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.usa.canon.com/support/canon-product-advisories/service-notice-regarding-vulnerability-measure-against-buffer-overflow-for-laser-printers-and-small-office-multifunctional-printers"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XCM2-P2FV-CFG9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:24 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:24
VLAI
Details
Integer signedness error in the drm_modeset_ctl function in (1) drivers/gpu/drm/drm_irq.c in the Direct Rendering Manager (DRM) subsystem in the Linux kernel before 2.6.38 and (2) sys/dev/pci/drm/drm_irq.c in the kernel in OpenBSD before 4.9 allows local users to trigger out-of-bounds write operations, and consequently cause a denial of service (system crash) or possibly have unspecified other impact, via a crafted num_crtcs (aka vb_num) structure member in an ioctl argument.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2011-1013"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2011-05-09T19:55:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Integer signedness error in the drm_modeset_ctl function in (1) drivers/gpu/drm/drm_irq.c in the Direct Rendering Manager (DRM) subsystem in the Linux kernel before 2.6.38 and (2) sys/dev/pci/drm/drm_irq.c in the kernel in OpenBSD before 4.9 allows local users to trigger out-of-bounds write operations, and consequently cause a denial of service (system crash) or possibly have unspecified other impact, via a crafted num_crtcs (aka vb_num) structure member in an ioctl argument.",
"id": "GHSA-xcm2-p2fv-cfg9",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:24:30Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:24:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2011-1013"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=679925"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/67199"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux-2.6.git%3Ba=commit%3Bh=1922756124ddd53846877416d92ba4a802bc658f"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux-2.6.git;a=commit;h=1922756124ddd53846877416d92ba4a802bc658f"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/ChangeLog-2.6.38"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/cvsweb/src/sys/dev/pci/drm/drm_irq.c"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/cvsweb/src/sys/dev/pci/drm/drm_irq.c.diff?r1=1.41%3Br2=1.42%3Bf=h"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/cvsweb/src/sys/dev/pci/drm/drm_irq.c.diff?r1=1.41;r2=1.42;f=h"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/47639"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-XCM8-PJQH-87PG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-12-09 00:00 – Updated: 2022-03-18 00:01
VLAI
Details
Mozilla developers and community members reported memory safety bugs present in Firefox 93 and Firefox ESR 91.2. Some of these bugs showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort some of these could have been exploited to run arbitrary code. This vulnerability affects Firefox < 94, Thunderbird < 91.3, and Firefox ESR < 91.3.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-43534"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-12-08T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Mozilla developers and community members reported memory safety bugs present in Firefox 93 and Firefox ESR 91.2. Some of these bugs showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort some of these could have been exploited to run arbitrary code. This vulnerability affects Firefox \u003c 94, Thunderbird \u003c 91.3, and Firefox ESR \u003c 91.3.",
"id": "GHSA-xcm8-pjqh-87pg",
"modified": "2022-03-18T00:01:44Z",
"published": "2021-12-09T00:00:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-43534"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/buglist.cgi?bug_id=1606864%2C1712671%2C1730048%2C1735152"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/12/msg00030.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/01/msg00001.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-5026"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5034"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2021-48"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2021-49"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2021-50"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XCMG-9W5X-W5M2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:18 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:18
VLAI
Details
Microsoft Edge in Windows 10 1709 allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current user, due to how the scripting engine handles objects in memory, aka "Scripting Engine Memory Corruption Vulnerability". This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2018-0758, CVE-2018-0762, CVE-2018-0768, CVE-2018-0769, CVE-2018-0770, CVE-2018-0772, CVE-2018-0773, CVE-2018-0774, CVE-2018-0776, CVE-2018-0777, CVE-2018-0778, and CVE-2018-0781.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-0775"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-01-04T14:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Microsoft Edge in Windows 10 1709 allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current user, due to how the scripting engine handles objects in memory, aka \"Scripting Engine Memory Corruption Vulnerability\". This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2018-0758, CVE-2018-0762, CVE-2018-0768, CVE-2018-0769, CVE-2018-0770, CVE-2018-0772, CVE-2018-0773, CVE-2018-0774, CVE-2018-0776, CVE-2018-0777, CVE-2018-0778, and CVE-2018-0781.",
"id": "GHSA-xcmg-9w5x-w5m2",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:18:27Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:18:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-0775"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2018-0775"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/43717"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/102400"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1040100"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XCPR-3F8F-3C77
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-06-05 21:30 – Updated: 2025-06-05 21:30
VLAI
Details
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in Tenda CH22 1.0.0.1. This affects the function formNatlimit of the file /goform/Natlimit. The manipulation of the argument page leads to stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
Severity
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-5685"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-06-05T20:15:26Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in Tenda CH22 1.0.0.1. This affects the function formNatlimit of the file /goform/Natlimit. The manipulation of the argument page leads to stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.",
"id": "GHSA-xcpr-3f8f-3c77",
"modified": "2025-06-05T21:30:56Z",
"published": "2025-06-05T21:30:56Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-5685"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/xubeining/Cve_report/blob/main/A%20remote%20code%20execution%20vulnerability%20in%20the%20router%20CH22%20V1.0.0.1%20manufactured%20by%20Shenzhen%20Jixiangtengda%20Technology%20Co.%2C%20Ltd1.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.311169"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.311169"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.590153"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.tenda.com.cn"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-XCQ7-R9VV-MG6V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:58 – Updated: 2024-04-04 02:10
VLAI
Details
IrfanView 4.53 allows a User Mode Write AV starting at WSQ!ReadWSQ+0x0000000000004359.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-17245"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-10-08T12:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "IrfanView 4.53 allows a User Mode Write AV starting at WSQ!ReadWSQ+0x0000000000004359.",
"id": "GHSA-xcq7-r9vv-mg6v",
"modified": "2024-04-04T02:10:18Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:58:04Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-17245"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/linhlhq/research/blob/master/README.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.irfanview.com/main_history.htm"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XCQW-9MV2-WQJ3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-15 21:30 – Updated: 2026-04-15 21:30
VLAI
Details
A flaw was found in GIMP. A stack buffer overflow vulnerability in the TIM image loader's 4BPP decoding path allows a local user to cause a Denial of Service (DoS). By opening a specially crafted TIM image file, the application crashes due to an unconditional overflow when writing to a variable-length array.
Severity
5.0 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-40916"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-15T20:16:36Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A flaw was found in GIMP. A stack buffer overflow vulnerability in the TIM image loader\u0027s 4BPP decoding path allows a local user to cause a Denial of Service (DoS). By opening a specially crafted TIM image file, the application crashes due to an unconditional overflow when writing to a variable-length array.",
"id": "GHSA-xcqw-9mv2-wqj3",
"modified": "2026-04-15T21:30:18Z",
"published": "2026-04-15T21:30:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-40916"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-40916"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2458745"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XCR6-9X44-6HPQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-04 12:31 – Updated: 2024-03-04 12:31
VLAI
Details
Memory corruption in Audio while processing RT proxy port register driver.
Severity
8.4 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-33066"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787",
"CWE-823"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-04T11:15:09Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Memory corruption in Audio while processing RT proxy port register driver.",
"id": "GHSA-xcr6-9x44-6hpq",
"modified": "2024-03-04T12:31:10Z",
"published": "2024-03-04T12:31:10Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-33066"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.qualcomm.com/company/product-security/bulletins/march-2024-bulletin"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XCVM-2QXH-C4V3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:06 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:06
VLAI
Details
Mozilla developers reported memory safety bugs present in Firefox 88 and Firefox ESR 78.11. Some of these bugs showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort some of these could have been exploited to run arbitrary code. This vulnerability affects Thunderbird < 78.11, Firefox < 89, and Firefox ESR < 78.11.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-29967"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-06-24T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Mozilla developers reported memory safety bugs present in Firefox 88 and Firefox ESR 78.11. Some of these bugs showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort some of these could have been exploited to run arbitrary code. This vulnerability affects Thunderbird \u003c 78.11, Firefox \u003c 89, and Firefox ESR \u003c 78.11.",
"id": "GHSA-xcvm-2qxh-c4v3",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:06:08Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:06:08Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-29967"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/buglist.cgi?bug_id=1602862%2C1703191%2C1703760%2C1704722%2C1706041"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202208-14"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2021-23"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2021-24"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2021-26"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.