CWE-787
Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
16203 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-VX2H-XX2H-2744
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-26 03:31 – Updated: 2024-06-26 03:31Dell PowerProtect DD, versions prior to 8.0, LTS 7.13.1.0, LTS 7.10.1.30, LTS 7.7.5.40 contain a buffer overflow vulnerability. A remote low privileged attacker could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to an application crash or execution of arbitrary code on the vulnerable application's underlying operating system with privileges of the vulnerable application.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-29176"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-787",
"CWE-788"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-06-26T03:15:10Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Dell PowerProtect DD, versions prior to 8.0, LTS 7.13.1.0, LTS 7.10.1.30, LTS 7.7.5.40 contain a buffer overflow vulnerability. A remote low privileged attacker could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to an application crash or execution of arbitrary code on the vulnerable application\u0027s underlying operating system with privileges of the vulnerable application.",
"id": "GHSA-vx2h-xx2h-2744",
"modified": "2024-06-26T03:31:50Z",
"published": "2024-06-26T03:31:50Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-29176"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.dell.com/support/kbdoc/en-us/000226148/dsa-2024-219-dell-technologies-powerprotect-dd-security-update-for-multiple-security-vulnerabilities"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VX2Q-QV9F-WWXW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-10-14 19:00 – Updated: 2022-10-15 12:00OTFCC commit 617837b was discovered to contain a heap buffer overflow via /release-x64/otfccdump+0x6b05aa.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-35047"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-10-14T12:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "OTFCC commit 617837b was discovered to contain a heap buffer overflow via /release-x64/otfccdump+0x6b05aa.",
"id": "GHSA-vx2q-qv9f-wwxw",
"modified": "2022-10-15T12:00:55Z",
"published": "2022-10-14T19:00:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-35047"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://drive.google.com/file/d/10asu-uKB2GIpnoGkAvvZPTqt4ylBU83s/view?usp=sharing"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Cvjark/Poc/blob/main/otfcc/CVE-2022-35047.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VX42-PVMJ-74XH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-06 06:31 – Updated: 2025-08-06 06:31Out-of-bounds write in creating bitmap images in Blockchain Keystore prior to version 1.3.17.2 allows local privileged attackers to write out-of-bounds memory.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-21020"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-06T05:15:34Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Out-of-bounds write in creating bitmap images in Blockchain Keystore prior to version 1.3.17.2 allows local privileged attackers to write out-of-bounds memory.",
"id": "GHSA-vx42-pvmj-74xh",
"modified": "2025-08-06T06:31:23Z",
"published": "2025-08-06T06:31:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-21020"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.samsungmobile.com/serviceWeb.smsb?year=2025\u0026month=08"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VX6Q-FFVW-7C86
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:22 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:22The ThreadX-based firmware on Marvell Avastar Wi-Fi devices, models 88W8787, 88W8797, 88W8801, 88W8897, and 88W8997, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (block pool overflow) via malformed Wi-Fi packets during identification of available Wi-Fi networks. Exploitation of the Wi-Fi device can lead to exploitation of the host application processor in some cases, but this depends on several factors including host OS hardening and the availability of DMA.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-6496"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-01-20T20:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The ThreadX-based firmware on Marvell Avastar Wi-Fi devices, models 88W8787, 88W8797, 88W8801, 88W8897, and 88W8997, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (block pool overflow) via malformed Wi-Fi packets during identification of available Wi-Fi networks. Exploitation of the Wi-Fi device can lead to exploitation of the host application processor in some cases, but this depends on several factors including host OS hardening and the availability of DMA.",
"id": "GHSA-vx6q-ffvw-7c86",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:22:43Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:22:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-6496"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://2018.zeronights.ru/wp-content/uploads/materials/19-Researching-Marvell-Avastar-Wi-Fi.pdf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://embedi.org/blog/remotely-compromise-devices-by-using-bugs-in-marvell-avastar-wi-fi-from-zero-knowledge-to-zero-click-rce"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/730261"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.scribd.com/document/398350818/WiFi-CVE-2019-6496-Marvell-s-Statement"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.synology.com/security/advisory/Synology_SA_19_07"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zdnet.com/article/wifi-firmware-bug-affects-laptops-smartphones-routers-gaming-devices"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/106865"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VX87-G9W6-F72V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 00:14 – Updated: 2022-05-17 00:14An issue was discovered in Adobe Acrobat and Reader: 2017.012.20098 and earlier versions, 2017.011.30066 and earlier versions, 2015.006.30355 and earlier versions, and 11.0.22 and earlier versions. The vulnerability is caused by a computation that writes data past the end of the intended buffer; the computation is part of the XPS to PDF conversion module, when processing TIFF files. The vulnerability is a result of an out of range pointer offset that is used to access sub-elements of an internal data structure. An attacker can potentially leverage the vulnerability to corrupt sensitive data or execute arbitrary code.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-16413"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-12-09T06:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in Adobe Acrobat and Reader: 2017.012.20098 and earlier versions, 2017.011.30066 and earlier versions, 2015.006.30355 and earlier versions, and 11.0.22 and earlier versions. The vulnerability is caused by a computation that writes data past the end of the intended buffer; the computation is part of the XPS to PDF conversion module, when processing TIFF files. The vulnerability is a result of an out of range pointer offset that is used to access sub-elements of an internal data structure. An attacker can potentially leverage the vulnerability to corrupt sensitive data or execute arbitrary code.",
"id": "GHSA-vx87-g9w6-f72v",
"modified": "2022-05-17T00:14:20Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T00:14:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-16413"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/acrobat/apsb17-36.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/101812"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1039791"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VX8G-5QQ9-M5GJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-07-15 00:00 – Updated: 2022-07-21 00:00A denial of service vulnerability exists in some Xiaomi models of phones. The vulnerability is caused by heap overflow and can be exploited by attackers to make remote denial of service.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-14127"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-07-14T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A denial of service vulnerability exists in some Xiaomi models of phones. The vulnerability is caused by heap overflow and can be exploited by attackers to make remote denial of service.",
"id": "GHSA-vx8g-5qq9-m5gj",
"modified": "2022-07-21T00:00:33Z",
"published": "2022-07-15T00:00:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-14127"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://trust.mi.com/zh-CN/misrc/bulletins/advisory?cveId=169"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VX8P-63GG-HX9V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:19 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:19RegFilter.sys in IOBit Malware Fighter 6.2 is susceptible to a stack-based buffer overflow when an attacker uses IOCTL 0x8006E040 with a size larger than 8 bytes. This can lead to denial of service or code execution with root privileges.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-19086"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-11-10T03:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "RegFilter.sys in IOBit Malware Fighter 6.2 is susceptible to a stack-based buffer overflow when an attacker uses IOCTL 0x8006E040 with a size larger than 8 bytes. This can lead to denial of service or code execution with root privileges.",
"id": "GHSA-vx8p-63gg-hx9v",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:19:44Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:19:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-19086"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://downwithup.github.io/CVEPosts.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VXC5-94FF-325X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-23 03:31 – Updated: 2024-11-23 03:31FastStone Image Viewer GIF File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of FastStone Image Viewer. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.
The specific flaw exists within the parsing of GIF files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a write past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-25145.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-9114"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-11-22T22:15:20Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "FastStone Image Viewer GIF File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of FastStone Image Viewer. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of GIF files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a write past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-25145.",
"id": "GHSA-vxc5-94ff-325x",
"modified": "2024-11-23T03:31:59Z",
"published": "2024-11-23T03:31:59Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-9114"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-24-1275"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VXG5-PJM2-5JG2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-12-21 21:30 – Updated: 2022-12-21 21:30Tenda AC15 V15.03.06.23 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via function formSetClientState.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-46109"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-12-16T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Tenda AC15 V15.03.06.23 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via function formSetClientState.",
"id": "GHSA-vxg5-pjm2-5jg2",
"modified": "2022-12-21T21:30:15Z",
"published": "2022-12-21T21:30:15Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-46109"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/z1r00/IOT_Vul/tree/main/Tenda/AC10/formSetClientState"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VXG7-F2JJ-JMQM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-22 20:37 – Updated: 2026-09-22 20:37A vulnerability in the Goja JavaScript engine used by Nuclei's javascript: protocol allows arbitrary native code execution on the scanner host when running untrusted JavaScript templates.
Affected Component
The issue is in the Goja JavaScript runtime embedded in Nuclei's JavaScript protocol (pkg/js/). An out-of-bounds heap write in the engine can be exploited to achieve native code execution during template evaluation.
Description
Nuclei uses the Goja engine to execute javascript: protocol templates. A memory safety vulnerability in Goja allows attacker-controlled JavaScript to corrupt heap memory and execute arbitrary native code on the host running Nuclei.
Because javascript: templates execute without the -code flag and unsigned JavaScript templates run by default, a malicious template from an untrusted source can trigger code execution during a normal scan. The vulnerability could also be reached through a template's init section, which runs during template initialization before other security checks complete.
[!NOTE] JavaScript templates do not require the
-codeflag and are not subject to the code-template signing requirement on affected versions. Nuclei v3.11.0 adds a separate signing requirement for JavaScript templates as additional defense in depth.
Affected Users
- CLI users running untrusted or third-party
javascript:templates. - SDK users who integrate Nuclei into platforms where end users can supply JavaScript templates.
Patches
- The vulnerability is fixed in Nuclei v3.10.0 by updating the Goja dependency. Upgrading is strongly recommended.
- Fix reference: https://github.com/projectdiscovery/nuclei/pull/7467
- Additional hardening in v3.11.0 requires cryptographic signatures for JavaScript templates: https://github.com/projectdiscovery/nuclei/pull/7514
Mitigation
Upgrade to Nuclei v3.10.0 or later. For additional protection, upgrade to v3.11.0 where JavaScript templates also require valid signatures.
In the meantime, avoid running JavaScript templates from unverified sources.
Workarounds
If upgrading is not an option, do not run untrusted JavaScript templates. There is no configuration flag that mitigates native code execution on affected versions.
Acknowledgments
Thanks to Dylan Pindur (@dpindur) and Adam Kues (@akues-an) of the Assetnote security research team for reporting this issue through responsible disclosure via security@projectdiscovery.io.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/projectdiscovery/nuclei/v3"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "3.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.10.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-76819"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787",
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-09-22T20:37:13Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-22T17:17:25Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in the Goja JavaScript engine used by Nuclei\u0027s `javascript:` protocol allows arbitrary native code execution on the scanner host when running untrusted JavaScript templates.\n\n**Affected Component**\n\nThe issue is in the Goja JavaScript runtime embedded in Nuclei\u0027s JavaScript protocol (`pkg/js/`). An out-of-bounds heap write in the engine can be exploited to achieve native code execution during template evaluation.\n\n**Description**\n\nNuclei uses the Goja engine to execute `javascript:` protocol templates. A memory safety vulnerability in Goja allows attacker-controlled JavaScript to corrupt heap memory and execute arbitrary native code on the host running Nuclei.\n\nBecause `javascript:` templates execute without the `-code` flag and unsigned JavaScript templates run by default, a malicious template from an untrusted source can trigger code execution during a normal scan. The vulnerability could also be reached through a template\u0027s `init` section, which runs during template initialization before other security checks complete.\n\n\u003e [!NOTE]\nJavaScript templates do not require the `-code` flag and are not subject to the code-template signing requirement on affected versions. Nuclei v3.11.0 adds a separate signing requirement for JavaScript templates as additional defense in depth.\n\n**Affected Users**\n\n- **CLI users** running untrusted or third-party `javascript:` templates.\n- **SDK users** who integrate Nuclei into platforms where end users can supply JavaScript templates.\n\n**Patches**\n\n- The vulnerability is fixed in Nuclei v3.10.0 by updating the Goja dependency. Upgrading is strongly recommended.\n- Fix reference: https://github.com/projectdiscovery/nuclei/pull/7467\n- Additional hardening in v3.11.0 requires cryptographic signatures for JavaScript templates: https://github.com/projectdiscovery/nuclei/pull/7514\n\n**Mitigation**\n\nUpgrade to Nuclei v3.10.0 or later. For additional protection, upgrade to v3.11.0 where JavaScript templates also require valid signatures.\n\nIn the meantime, avoid running JavaScript templates from unverified sources.\n\n**Workarounds**\n\nIf upgrading is not an option, do not run untrusted JavaScript templates. There is no configuration flag that mitigates native code execution on affected versions.\n\n**Acknowledgments**\n\nThanks to Dylan Pindur ([@dpindur](https://github.com/dpindur)) and Adam Kues ([@akues-an](https://github.com/akues-an)) of the Assetnote security research team for reporting this issue through responsible disclosure via security@projectdiscovery.io.",
"id": "GHSA-vxg7-f2jj-jmqm",
"modified": "2026-09-22T20:37:14Z",
"published": "2026-09-22T20:37:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/projectdiscovery/nuclei/security/advisories/GHSA-vxg7-f2jj-jmqm"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-76819"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/projectdiscovery/nuclei/pull/7467"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/projectdiscovery/nuclei/pull/7514"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/projectdiscovery/nuclei/commit/1fe6025b966cbb95ed4d9f40abfb629b6cbd27b2"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/projectdiscovery/nuclei"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/projectdiscovery/nuclei/releases/tag/v3.10.0"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Nuclei: Arbitrary Code Execution via Goja JavaScript Engine Vulnerability"
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.