Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-787
Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
16203 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-QGF6-WC2F-VHF3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-15 09:30 – Updated: 2024-03-15 09:30
VLAI
Details
A vulnerability was found in Tenda AC18 15.03.05.05. It has been declared as critical. This vulnerability affects the function formSetDeviceName of the file /goform/SetOnlineDevName. The manipulation of the argument devName/mac leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-256894 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-2487"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-15T09:15:07Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was found in Tenda AC18 15.03.05.05. It has been declared as critical. This vulnerability affects the function formSetDeviceName of the file /goform/SetOnlineDevName. The manipulation of the argument devName/mac leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-256894 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-qgf6-wc2f-vhf3",
"modified": "2024-03-15T09:30:38Z",
"published": "2024-03-15T09:30:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-2487"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/abcdefg-png/IoT-vulnerable/blob/main/Tenda/AC18/formSetDeviceName_devName.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.256894"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.256894"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QGG8-6G36-JWFH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:41 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:41
VLAI
Details
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Foxit Studio Photo 3.6.6.922. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of NEF files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a write past the end of an allocated structure. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-11488.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-27857"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-02-09T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Foxit Studio Photo 3.6.6.922. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of NEF files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a write past the end of an allocated structure. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-11488.",
"id": "GHSA-qgg8-6g36-jwfh",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:41:30Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:41:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-27857"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.foxitsoftware.com/support/security-bulletins.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-20-1350"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-QGGG-VQ95-Q3HQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:30 – Updated: 2023-07-19 03:30
VLAI
Details
The L2TP implementation of MPD before 5.9 allows a remote attacker who can send specifically crafted L2TP control packet with AVP Q.931 Cause Code to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption).
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-7465"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-10-06T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The L2TP implementation of MPD before 5.9 allows a remote attacker who can send specifically crafted L2TP control packet with AVP Q.931 Cause Code to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption).",
"id": "GHSA-qggg-vq95-q3hq",
"modified": "2023-07-19T03:30:26Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:30:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-7465"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://sourceforge.net/p/mpd/bugs/70"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://sourceforge.net/p/mpd/svn/2377"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QGHG-7Q9W-3W7W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:20 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:20
VLAI
Details
An integer overflow that could lead to an attacker-controlled heap out-of-bounds write in PDFium in Google Chrome prior to 66.0.3359.170 allowed a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code inside a sandbox via a crafted PDF file.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-6120"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-01-09T19:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An integer overflow that could lead to an attacker-controlled heap out-of-bounds write in PDFium in Google Chrome prior to 66.0.3359.170 allowed a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code inside a sandbox via a crafted PDF file.",
"id": "GHSA-qghg-7q9w-3w7w",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:20:27Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:20:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-6120"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:1446"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2018/05/stable-channel-update-for-desktop.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://crbug.com/833721"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201805-06"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2018/dsa-4237"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/104143"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QGHG-P9WQ-272P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-08-13 00:00 – Updated: 2022-08-17 00:00
VLAI
Details
A stack overflow vulnerability exists in /goform/setAutoPing in Tenda W6 V1.0.0.9(4122), which allows an attacker to construct ping1 parameters and ping2 parameters for a stack overflow attack. An attacker can use this vulnerability to execute arbitrary code execution.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-35559"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-08-12T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A stack overflow vulnerability exists in /goform/setAutoPing in Tenda W6 V1.0.0.9(4122), which allows an attacker to construct ping1 parameters and ping2 parameters for a stack overflow attack. An attacker can use this vulnerability to execute arbitrary code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-qghg-p9wq-272p",
"modified": "2022-08-17T00:00:30Z",
"published": "2022-08-13T00:00:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-35559"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ilovekeer/IOT/tree/main/Tenda/W6/stackoverflow/formSetAutoPing"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QGHV-8H77-699V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-21 21:30 – Updated: 2026-07-01 17:47
Withdrawn 2026-07-01
VLAI
Summary
Duplicate Advisory: Open Babel has out-of-bounds write in MOL2 attribute/value parser
Details
Duplicate Advisory
This advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-vjg6-gm8m-v5g6. This link is maintained to preserve external references.
Original Description
An out-of-bounds write vulnerability exists in the MOL2 format attribute and value functionality of Open Babel 3.1.1 and master commit 530dbfa3. A specially crafted malformed file can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.
Severity
8.1 (High)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "openbabel"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.2.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-07-01T17:47:25Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2023-07-21T21:15:10Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "## Duplicate Advisory\nThis advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-vjg6-gm8m-v5g6. This link is maintained to preserve external references.\n\n## Original Description\nAn out-of-bounds write vulnerability exists in the MOL2 format attribute and value functionality of Open Babel 3.1.1 and master commit 530dbfa3. A specially crafted malformed file can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-qghv-8h77-699v",
"modified": "2026-07-01T17:47:25Z",
"published": "2023-07-21T21:30:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-43607"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2022-1664"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2022-1664"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Duplicate Advisory: Open Babel has out-of-bounds write in MOL2 attribute/value parser",
"withdrawn": "2026-07-01T17:47:25Z"
}
GHSA-QGJ9-H6C7-R4G8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-06 21:30 – Updated: 2024-06-06 21:30
VLAI
Details
Kofax Power PDF TGA File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Kofax Power PDF. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.
The specific flaw exists within the parsing of TGA files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a write past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-22920.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-5304"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-06-06T19:16:07Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Kofax Power PDF TGA File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Kofax Power PDF. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of TGA files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a write past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-22920.",
"id": "GHSA-qgj9-h6c7-r4g8",
"modified": "2024-06-06T21:30:37Z",
"published": "2024-06-06T21:30:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-5304"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-24-549"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QGM4-8WGG-R6HF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:04 – Updated: 2022-10-08 00:00
VLAI
Details
SAP Internet Graphics Service, versions - 7.20,7.20EXT,7.53,7.20_EX2,7.81, allows an unauthenticated attacker after retrieving an existing system state value can submit a malicious IGS request over a network which due to insufficient input validation in method ChartInterpreter::DoIt() which will trigger an internal memory corruption error in the system causing the system to crash and rendering it unavailable. In this attack, no data in the system can be viewed or modified.
Severity
5.9 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-27627"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-20",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-06-09T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "SAP Internet Graphics Service, versions - 7.20,7.20EXT,7.53,7.20_EX2,7.81, allows an unauthenticated attacker after retrieving an existing system state value can submit a malicious IGS request over a network which due to insufficient input validation in method ChartInterpreter::DoIt() which will trigger an internal memory corruption error in the system causing the system to crash and rendering it unavailable. In this attack, no data in the system can be viewed or modified.",
"id": "GHSA-qgm4-8wgg-r6hf",
"modified": "2022-10-08T00:00:31Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:04:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27627"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://launchpad.support.sap.com/#/notes/3021050"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wiki.scn.sap.com/wiki/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=578125999"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/164598/SAP-NetWeaver-ABAP-IGS-Memory-Corruption.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2021/Oct/31"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QGQG-6VVM-PVGR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-08-10 15:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 06:47
VLAI
Details
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 23.003.20244 (and earlier) and 20.005.30467 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-38233"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-08-10T14:15:13Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 23.003.20244 (and earlier) and 20.005.30467 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-qgqg-6vvm-pvgr",
"modified": "2024-04-04T06:47:40Z",
"published": "2023-08-10T15:30:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-38233"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/acrobat/apsb23-30.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QGR2-XGQV-24X8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-01-29 00:00 – Updated: 2025-10-22 00:32
VLAI
Details
A local privilege escalation vulnerability was found on polkit's pkexec utility. The pkexec application is a setuid tool designed to allow unprivileged users to run commands as privileged users according predefined policies. The current version of pkexec doesn't handle the calling parameters count correctly and ends trying to execute environment variables as commands. An attacker can leverage this by crafting environment variables in such a way it'll induce pkexec to execute arbitrary code. When successfully executed the attack can cause a local privilege escalation given unprivileged users administrative rights on the target machine.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-4034"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-01-28T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A local privilege escalation vulnerability was found on polkit\u0027s pkexec utility. The pkexec application is a setuid tool designed to allow unprivileged users to run commands as privileged users according predefined policies. The current version of pkexec doesn\u0027t handle the calling parameters count correctly and ends trying to execute environment variables as commands. An attacker can leverage this by crafting environment variables in such a way it\u0027ll induce pkexec to execute arbitrary code. When successfully executed the attack can cause a local privilege escalation given unprivileged users administrative rights on the target machine.",
"id": "GHSA-qgr2-xgqv-24x8",
"modified": "2025-10-22T00:32:28Z",
"published": "2022-01-29T00:00:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-4034"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/pwnkit-pkexec-lpe-cve-2021-4034"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.suse.com/support/kb/doc/?id=000020564"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.starwindsoftware.com/security/sw-20220818-0001"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.secpod.com/blog/local-privilege-escalation-vulnerability-in-major-linux-distributions-cve-2021-4034"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.qualys.com/2022/01/25/cve-2021-4034/pwnkit.txt"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuapr2022.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2021-4034"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/polkit/polkit/-/commit/a2bf5c9c83b6ae46cbd5c779d3055bff81ded683"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-330556.pdf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2025869"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/vulnerabilities/RHSB-2022-001"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2021-4034"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2022:0540"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2022:0443"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2022:0274"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2022:0273"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2022:0272"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2022:0271"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2022:0270"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2022:0269"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2022:0268"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2022:0267"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2022:0266"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2022:0265"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/166196/Polkit-pkexec-Local-Privilege-Escalation.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/166200/Polkit-pkexec-Privilege-Escalation.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.