Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-787
Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
16203 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-M6V9-2R23-587C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:03 – Updated: 2023-01-19 18:30
VLAI
Details
In the Linux kernel 5.0.21, mounting a crafted btrfs filesystem image and performing some operations can cause slab-out-of-bounds write access in __btrfs_map_block in fs/btrfs/volumes.c, because a value of 1 for the number of data stripes is mishandled.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-19816"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-12-17T06:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel 5.0.21, mounting a crafted btrfs filesystem image and performing some operations can cause slab-out-of-bounds write access in __btrfs_map_block in fs/btrfs/volumes.c, because a value of 1 for the number of data stripes is mishandled.",
"id": "GHSA-m6v9-2r23-587c",
"modified": "2023-01-19T18:30:27Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:03:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-19816"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/bobfuzzer/CVE/tree/master/CVE-2019-19816"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2020/09/msg00025.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2020/12/msg00015.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/03/msg00010.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20200103-0001"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4414-1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-M6VG-27PG-5RGQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 00:52 – Updated: 2022-05-14 00:52
VLAI
Details
Adobe Acrobat and Reader versions 2018.011.20063 and earlier, 2017.011.30102 and earlier, and 2015.006.30452 and earlier have an out-of-bounds write vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to arbitrary code execution.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-15944"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-10-12T18:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Adobe Acrobat and Reader versions 2018.011.20063 and earlier, 2017.011.30102 and earlier, and 2015.006.30452 and earlier have an out-of-bounds write vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to arbitrary code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-m6vg-27pg-5rgq",
"modified": "2022-05-14T00:52:57Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T00:52:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-15944"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/acrobat/apsb18-30.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/105432"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1041809"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-M6VM-8G8V-XFJH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-10-12 22:23 – Updated: 2022-04-20 19:15
VLAI
Summary
Out-of-bounds Write in OpenCV
Details
An exploitable heap buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the data structure persistence functionality of OpenCV 4.1.0 (corresponds with OpenCV-Python 4.1.0.25). A specially crafted XML file can cause a buffer overflow, resulting in multiple heap corruptions and potential code execution. An attacker can provide a specially crafted file to trigger this vulnerability.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "opencv-python"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "4.1.0.25"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "opencv-python-headless"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "4.1.0.25"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "opencv-contrib-python"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "4.1.0.25"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "opencv-contrib-python-headless"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "4.1.0.25"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-5063"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2021-10-06T17:40:07Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2020-01-03T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An exploitable heap buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the data structure persistence functionality of OpenCV 4.1.0 (corresponds with OpenCV-Python 4.1.0.25). A specially crafted XML file can cause a buffer overflow, resulting in multiple heap corruptions and potential code execution. An attacker can provide a specially crafted file to trigger this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-m6vm-8g8v-xfjh",
"modified": "2022-04-20T19:15:08Z",
"published": "2021-10-12T22:23:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-5063"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/opencv/opencv/issues/16951"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/opencv/opencv-python"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/opencv/opencv-python/releases/tag/25"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2019-0852"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com//security-alerts/cpujul2021.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuApr2021.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Out-of-bounds Write in OpenCV"
}
GHSA-M6VX-PGV7-3F4W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-12-15 21:30 – Updated: 2025-04-21 15:31
VLAI
Details
An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in iOS 16.2 and iPadOS 16.2, iOS 15.7.2 and iPadOS 15.7.2, tvOS 16.2, watchOS 9.2. Parsing a maliciously crafted video file may lead to kernel code execution.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-46694"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-12-15T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in iOS 16.2 and iPadOS 16.2, iOS 15.7.2 and iPadOS 15.7.2, tvOS 16.2, watchOS 9.2. Parsing a maliciously crafted video file may lead to kernel code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-m6vx-pgv7-3f4w",
"modified": "2025-04-21T15:31:10Z",
"published": "2022-12-15T21:30:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-46694"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213530"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213531"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213535"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213536"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Dec/20"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Dec/21"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Dec/26"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Dec/27"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-M6WC-H767-27C3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:18 – Updated: 2025-10-22 03:30
VLAI
Details
Stack-based buffer overflow in CoolType.dll in Adobe Reader and Acrobat 9.x before 9.4, and 8.x before 8.2.5 on Windows and Mac OS X, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (application crash) via a PDF document with a long field in a Smart INdependent Glyphlets (SING) table in a TTF font, as exploited in the wild in September 2010. NOTE: some of these details are obtained from third party information.
Severity
7.3 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2010-2883"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2010-09-09T22:00:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Stack-based buffer overflow in CoolType.dll in Adobe Reader and Acrobat 9.x before 9.4, and 8.x before 8.2.5 on Windows and Mac OS X, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (application crash) via a PDF document with a long field in a Smart INdependent Glyphlets (SING) table in a TTF font, as exploited in the wild in September 2010. NOTE: some of these details are obtained from third party information.",
"id": "GHSA-m6wc-h767-27c3",
"modified": "2025-10-22T03:30:28Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T02:18:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2010-2883"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/61635"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A11586"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2010-2883"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://blog.metasploit.com/2010/09/return-of-unpublished-adobe.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://community.websense.com/blogs/securitylabs/archive/2010/09/10/brief-analysis-on-adobe-reader-sing-table-parsing-vulnerability-cve-2010-2883.aspx"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2010-10/msg00001.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2010-10/msg00006.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/41340"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/43025"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://security.gentoo.org/glsa/glsa-201101-08.xml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.adobe.com/support/security/advisories/apsa10-02.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.adobe.com/support/security/bulletins/apsb10-21.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/491991"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.redhat.com/support/errata/RHSA-2010-0743.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/43057"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.turbolinux.co.jp/security/2011/TLSA-2011-2j.txt"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.us-cert.gov/cas/techalerts/TA10-279A.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2010/2331"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2011/0191"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2011/0344"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-M6X6-RPX4-5CGJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-11-03 19:00 – Updated: 2022-11-03 19:00
VLAI
Details
Tenda AC23 V16.03.07.45_cn was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the shareSpeed parameter in the fromSetWifiGusetBasic function.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-43105"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-11-03T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Tenda AC23 V16.03.07.45_cn was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the shareSpeed parameter in the fromSetWifiGusetBasic function.",
"id": "GHSA-m6x6-rpx4-5cgj",
"modified": "2022-11-03T19:00:24Z",
"published": "2022-11-03T19:00:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-43105"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ppcrab/IOT_FIRMWARE/blob/main/Tenda/ac23/ac23.md#fromsetwifigusetbasic"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-M6XM-3899-JHMJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:38 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:38
VLAI
Details
SAP 3D Visual Enterprise Viewer, version - 9, allows a user to open manipulated DIB file received from untrusted sources which results in crashing of the application and becoming temporarily unavailable until the user restarts the application, this is caused due to Improper Input Validation.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-21455"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-01-12T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "SAP 3D Visual Enterprise Viewer, version - 9, allows a user to open manipulated DIB file received from untrusted sources which results in crashing of the application and becoming temporarily unavailable until the user restarts the application, this is caused due to Improper Input Validation.",
"id": "GHSA-m6xm-3899-jhmj",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:38:52Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:38:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-21455"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://i7p.wdf.sap.corp/sap/support/notes/3002617"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://launchpad.support.sap.com/#/notes/3002617"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wiki.scn.sap.com/wiki/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=564760476"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-21-007"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-M73Q-FJ49-FJHP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-05-31 00:31 – Updated: 2025-05-05 18:32
VLAI
Details
Out of bounds write in Swiftshader in Google Chrome prior to 114.0.5735.90 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-2929"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-05-30T22:15:09Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Out of bounds write in Swiftshader in Google Chrome prior to 114.0.5735.90 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)",
"id": "GHSA-m73q-fj49-fjhp",
"modified": "2025-05-05T18:32:40Z",
"published": "2023-05-31T00:31:05Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-2929"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2023/05/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_30.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://crbug.com/1410191"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/2LE64KGGOISKPKMYROSDT4K6QFVDIRF6"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/B6SAST6CB5KKCQKH75ER2UQ3ICYPHCIZ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202311-11"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202401-34"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5418"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-M73V-C2P6-943P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:18 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:18
VLAI
Details
rsyslog librelp version 1.2.14 and earlier contains a Buffer Overflow vulnerability in the checking of x509 certificates from a peer that can result in Remote code execution. This attack appear to be exploitable a remote attacker that can connect to rsyslog and trigger a stack buffer overflow by sending a specially crafted x509 certificate.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-1000140"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-03-23T21:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "rsyslog librelp version 1.2.14 and earlier contains a Buffer Overflow vulnerability in the checking of x509 certificates from a peer that can result in Remote code execution. This attack appear to be exploitable a remote attacker that can connect to rsyslog and trigger a stack buffer overflow by sending a specially crafted x509 certificate.",
"id": "GHSA-m73v-c2p6-943p",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:18:45Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:18:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-1000140"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:1223"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:1225"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:1701"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:1702"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:1703"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:1704"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:1707"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rsyslog/librelp/blob/532aa362f0f7a8d037505b0a27a1df452f9bac9e/src/tcp.c#L1205"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lgtm.com/rules/1505913226124"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201804-21"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3612-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2018/dsa-4151"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/172829/librelp-Remote-Code-Execution.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-M752-MJ3J-547P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-10-14 19:00 – Updated: 2022-10-19 12:00
VLAI
Details
A maliciously crafted PCT file when consumed through DesignReview.exe application could lead to memory corruption vulnerability by write access violation. This vulnerability in conjunction with other vulnerabilities could lead to code execution in the context of the current process.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-41306"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-10-14T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A maliciously crafted PCT file when consumed through DesignReview.exe application could lead to memory corruption vulnerability by write access violation. This vulnerability in conjunction with other vulnerabilities could lead to code execution in the context of the current process.",
"id": "GHSA-m752-mj3j-547p",
"modified": "2022-10-19T12:00:18Z",
"published": "2022-10-14T19:00:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-41306"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.autodesk.com/trust/security-advisories/adsk-sa-2022-0022"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.