Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-703

Discouraged

Improper Check or Handling of Exceptional Conditions

Abstraction: Pillar · Status: Incomplete

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product does not properly anticipate or handle exceptional conditions that rarely occur during normal operation of the product.

241 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-RH4C-32WR-89CJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-08-31 00:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 07:18
VLAI
Details

An unhandled edge case in the component _sanitizedPath of ZipArchive v2.5.4 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted zip file.

Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-39136"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-703"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-08-30T22:15:08Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An unhandled edge case in the component _sanitizedPath of ZipArchive v2.5.4 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted zip file.",
  "id": "GHSA-rh4c-32wr-89cj",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T07:18:15Z",
  "published": "2023-08-31T00:30:17Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-39136"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ZipArchive/ZipArchive/issues/680"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://blog.ostorlab.co/zip-packages-exploitation.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://ostorlab.co/vulndb/advisory/OVE-2023-2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.snyk.io/research/zip-slip-vulnerability"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-RPR6-4JJ7-QXHW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-11-07 19:00 – Updated: 2022-11-10 12:01
VLAI
Details

ELAN Miniport touchpad Windows driver before 24.21.51.2, as used in PC hardware from multiple manufacturers, allows local users to cause a system crash by sending a certain IOCTL request, because that request is handled twice.

Severity
4.7 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-42205"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-703"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-11-07T16:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "ELAN Miniport touchpad Windows driver before 24.21.51.2, as used in PC hardware from multiple manufacturers, allows local users to cause a system crash by sending a certain IOCTL request, because that request is handled twice.",
  "id": "GHSA-rpr6-4jj7-qxhw",
  "modified": "2022-11-10T12:01:17Z",
  "published": "2022-11-07T19:00:19Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-42205"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.emc.com.tw/upload/F2E/Vulnerability%20Report/Vulnerability%20Report_Miniport%20touchpad%20Windows%20driver_20221107.pdf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-RR22-7M4R-XF6R

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-31 06:30 – Updated: 2025-03-27 18:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability has been found in Dahua products.  After obtaining the administrator's username and password, the attacker can send a carefully crafted data packet to the interface with vulnerabilities, causing the device to crash.

Severity
4.9 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-39945"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-703"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-07-31T04:15:03Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability has been found in Dahua products.\u00a0\u00a0After\nobtaining the administrator\u0027s username and password, the attacker can send a\ncarefully crafted data packet to the interface with vulnerabilities, causing\nthe device to crash.",
  "id": "GHSA-rr22-7m4r-xf6r",
  "modified": "2025-03-27T18:30:42Z",
  "published": "2024-07-31T06:30:34Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-39945"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.dahuasecurity.com/aboutUs/trustedCenter/details/768"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-RXVF-3WHF-JGWM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-11 00:31 – Updated: 2026-09-14 18:31
VLAI
Details

An issue in ZJU-FAST-Lab EGO-Planner-v2 All versions up to commit 5c99a95880401e2599638d567abc0e240396cb42 allows unsafe vehicle motion via improper handling of expired trajectory data in the replanning pipeline

Severity
9.1 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-71640"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-703"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-09-10T22:16:58Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "An issue in ZJU-FAST-Lab EGO-Planner-v2 All versions up to commit 5c99a95880401e2599638d567abc0e240396cb42 allows unsafe vehicle motion via improper handling of expired trajectory data in the replanning pipeline",
  "id": "GHSA-rxvf-3whf-jgwm",
  "modified": "2026-09-14T18:31:14Z",
  "published": "2026-09-11T00:31:13Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-71640"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ZJU-FAST-Lab/EGO-Planner-v2/issues/61"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gist.github.com/DongJiaxin0422/cbb657769220e3bc247a4ab9ed37bb4f"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ZJU-FAST-Lab/EGO-Planner-v2"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V4FF-75CQ-5R9G

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-19 06:30 – Updated: 2026-07-19 06:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability was detected in hunvreus devpush up to 0.4.6. Affected by this issue is the function reset_storage of the file app/workers/tasks/storage.py of the component Storage Reset Failure Handler. The manipulation results in improper check or handling of exceptional conditions. A high complexity level is associated with this attack. The exploitation is known to be difficult. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.

Severity
2.6 (Low)
CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
2.1 (Low)
CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-16218"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-703"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-19T06:17:10Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability was detected in hunvreus devpush up to 0.4.6. Affected by this issue is the function reset_storage of the file app/workers/tasks/storage.py of the component Storage Reset Failure Handler. The manipulation results in improper check or handling of exceptional conditions. A high complexity level is associated with this attack. The exploitation is known to be difficult. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.",
  "id": "GHSA-v4ff-75cq-5r9g",
  "modified": "2026-07-19T06:30:25Z",
  "published": "2026-07-19T06:30:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-16218"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/hunvreus/devpush/issues/69"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/hunvreus/devpush"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-16218"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/857951"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/380041"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/380041/cti"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V5WW-RWW6-GQ76

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-11 18:30 – Updated: 2025-11-19 21:31
VLAI
Details

Incorrect boundary conditions in the Graphics: WebGPU component. This vulnerability affects Firefox < 145.

Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-13022"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-703"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-11-11T16:15:39Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Incorrect boundary conditions in the Graphics: WebGPU component. This vulnerability affects Firefox \u003c 145.",
  "id": "GHSA-v5ww-rww6-gq76",
  "modified": "2025-11-19T21:31:17Z",
  "published": "2025-11-11T18:30:16Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-13022"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1988488"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-87"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-90"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V83Q-83HJ-RW38

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-28 17:46 – Updated: 2025-02-28 17:46
VLAI
Summary
ntpd NTS client denial of service via wrongly sized cookies
Details

Two denial of service vulnerabilities were found in ntpd-rs related to the handling of NTS cookies in our client functionality. Whenever an NTS source is configured and the server behind that source is sending zero-sized cookies or cookies larger than what would fit in our buffer size, ntpd-rs would crash. Only configured NTS sources can abuse these vulnerabilities. NTP sources or third parties that are not configured cannot make use of these vulnerabilities.

For zero-sized cookies: a division by zero would force an exit when the number of new cookies that would need to be requested is calculated. In ntpd-rs 1.5.0 a check was added to prevent the division by zero.

For large cookies: while trying to send a NTP request with the cookie included, the buffer is too small to handle the cookie and an exit of ntpd-rs is forced once a write to the buffer is attempted. The memory outside the buffer would not be written to in this case. In ntpd-rs 1.5.0 a check was added that prevents accepting cookies larger than 350 bytes.

Users of older versions of ntpd-rs are recommended to update to the latest version. If an update is impossible, it is recommended to only add NTS sources to ntpd-rs that are trusted to not abuse this bug.

Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "crates.io",
        "name": "ntpd"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.5.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-369",
      "CWE-703"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-02-28T17:46:36Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Two denial of service vulnerabilities were found in ntpd-rs related to the handling of NTS cookies in our client functionality. Whenever an NTS source is configured and the server behind that source is sending zero-sized cookies or cookies larger than what would fit in our buffer size, ntpd-rs would crash. Only configured NTS sources can abuse these vulnerabilities. NTP sources or third parties that are not configured cannot make use of these vulnerabilities.\n\nFor zero-sized cookies: a division by zero would force an exit when the number of new cookies that would need to be requested is calculated. In ntpd-rs 1.5.0 a check was added to prevent the division by zero.\n\nFor large cookies: while trying to send a NTP request with the cookie included, the buffer is too small to handle the cookie and an exit of ntpd-rs is forced once a write to the buffer is attempted. The memory outside the buffer would not be written to in this case. In ntpd-rs 1.5.0 a check was added that prevents accepting cookies larger than 350 bytes.\n\nUsers of older versions of ntpd-rs are recommended to update to the latest version. If an update is impossible, it is recommended to only add NTS sources to ntpd-rs that are trusted to not abuse this bug.",
  "id": "GHSA-v83q-83hj-rw38",
  "modified": "2025-02-28T17:46:36Z",
  "published": "2025-02-28T17:46:36Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/pendulum-project/ntpd-rs/security/advisories/GHSA-v83q-83hj-rw38"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/pendulum-project/ntpd-rs/commit/10a103b471dae25ac598140df0c195b6531bf716"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/pendulum-project/ntpd-rs/commit/37dd8d9a0faa03e7dfe3a4bf64953010f075c3e2"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/pendulum-project/ntpd-rs"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "ntpd NTS client denial of service via wrongly sized cookies"
}

GHSA-V8Q7-Q2CX-MH43

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:57 – Updated: 2024-04-04 02:08
VLAI
Details

An exploitable memory corruption vulnerability exists in the JavaScript engine of Foxit Software's Foxit PDF Reader, version 9.4.1.16828. A specially crafted PDF document can trigger an out-of-memory condition which isn't handled properly, resulting in arbitrary code execution. An attacker needs to trick the user to open the malicious file to trigger this vulnerability. If the browser plugin extension is enabled, visiting a malicious site can also trigger the vulnerability.

Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-5031"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-703",
      "CWE-755",
      "CWE-770"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-10-02T16:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An exploitable memory corruption vulnerability exists in the JavaScript engine of Foxit Software\u0027s Foxit PDF Reader, version 9.4.1.16828. A specially crafted PDF document can trigger an out-of-memory condition which isn\u0027t handled properly, resulting in arbitrary code execution. An attacker needs to trick the user to open the malicious file to trigger this vulnerability. If the browser plugin extension is enabled, visiting a malicious site can also trigger the vulnerability.",
  "id": "GHSA-v8q7-q2cx-mh43",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T02:08:08Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T16:57:43Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-5031"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2019-0793"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-VGF2-GVX8-XWC3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-14 16:34 – Updated: 2025-04-24 14:39
VLAI
Summary
Vyper Does Not Check the Success of Certain Precompile Calls
Details

Summary

When the Vyper Compiler uses the precompiles EcRecover (0x1) and Identity (0x4), the success flag of the call is not checked. As a consequence an attacker can provide a specific amount of gas to make these calls fail but let the overall execution continue. Then the execution result can be incorrect.

Based on EVM's rules, after the failed precompile the remaining code has only 1/64 of the pre-call-gas left (as 63/64 were forwarded and spent). Hence, only fairly simple executions can follow the failed precompile calls. Therefore, we found no significantly impacted real-world contracts.

The fix is tracked in https://github.com/vyperlang/vyper/pull/4451.

Details

The relevant precompiles

EcRecover

EcRecover is used in vyper's ecrecover built-in. As the precompile consumes 3000 gas, any execution after an out-of-gas EcRecover call has at most 47 gas left.

Identity
  • The Identity precompile is used in vyper to perform memory copy operations. As its cost is variable, a variable amount of gas might be left after a failed call. The bigger the copy operation, the more gas can be left. Hence, a failed call to Identity could theoretically be followed by successful storage changes or emitted events.
  • Identity is no longer used when evm-version cancun is used (because MCOPY is used instead). In 0.4.0 cancun is default, in 0.3.10 cancun is an option, otherwise cancun is not available. As only pre-cancun versions are relevant, we don't have to consider transient storage operations succeeding a failed call to Identity.

The other precompiles

  • Calls to Sha2, ecAdd, and ecMul have success checks and have had them for a long time.
  • The precompiles modexp, ripe, blake, ecPairing, and Point Evaluation have no builtins in vyper.

PoC

In the following we provide concrete examples of incorrectly generated bytecode. These examples are not optimized, but rather Proof-of-Concepts. The list is also not exhaustive.

ecrecover use

  • Affected versions: 0.2.0 - 0.4.0
  • For older compiler versions (<=0.3.9) it behaves similarly to this older advisory. As no data is returned, the previous value of the memory word is returned to the user. Hence, any dirty bytes might be returned. Contracts with older compiler versions and ecrecover were checked.
  • For new vyper versions, the output buffer is zeroed, so when the call fails zero is returned. This is an incorrect result, but developers should anyway check for 0 as a failure case. Hence, this is unlikely to result in issues. However, we did search for such cases.
  • As mentioned above at most 47 gas is left after the failed call, hence a return is the most realistic scenario to be attacked.

Vulnerable Code:

@external
@view
def foo(hash: bytes32, v: uint256, r:uint256, s:uint256) -> address:
    return ecrecover(hash, v, r, s)

Problematic Call:

print(
    c.foo(
        binascii.unhexlify(
            "6c9c5e133b8aafb2ea74f524a5263495e7ae5701c7248805f7b511d973dc7055"
        ),
        28,
        78616903610408968922803823221221116251138855211764625814919875002740131251724,
        37668412420813231458864536126575229553064045345107737433087067088194345044408,
    )
)  # Returns 0x9eE53ad38Bb67d745223a4257D7d48cE973FeB7A

print(
    c.foo(
        binascii.unhexlify(
            "6c9c5e133b8aafb2ea74f524a5263495e7ae5701c7248805f7b511d973dc7055"
        ),
        28,
        78616903610408968922803823221221116251138855211764625814919875002740131251724,
        37668412420813231458864536126575229553064045345107737433087067088194345044408,
        gas=3000,
    )
)  # Returns 0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000

Identity to copy Dynamic Arrays

  • Affected versions: 0.3.2 - 0.3.9
  • Dynamic Arrays might be copied on different occasions
  • That copy operation can fail leading to incorrect accesses afterwards

Vulnerable Code:


@external
def foo() -> uint256:
    a: DynArray[uint256, 4000] = [2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 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0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
    b: DynArray[uint256, 4000] = a
    return b[0]

Problematic Call:

print(c.foo())            # Prints 2
print(c.foo(gas=170000))  # Prints 0

Identity in ABI Encoding of Returndata

  • Affected versions: 0.3.2 - 0.4.0
  • Complex types such as Dynamic array with Strings inside need to be abi encoded before being returned
  • In that return there is a memory copy which can fail

Vulnerable Code:

@external
@view
def foo(x: String[1000000], y: String[1000000]) -> DynArray[String[1000000], 2]:
    z: DynArray[String[1000000], 2] = [x, y]
    # Some code
    return z

Problematic Call:

calldata0 = "a"*10
calldata1 = "b"*1000000
c.foo(calldata0, calldata1)                   # Returns correct data
c.foo(calldata0, calldata1, gas=48_400_000)   # Returns incorrect data (only first part)

Assertion based on data copied through Identity

  • Affected versions: 0.2.0 - 0.4.0
  • An incomplete copy operation might falsify the result of a subsequent assert

Vulnerable Code:

@internal
def bar() -> uint256[3000]:
    a: uint256[3000] = [2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 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0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
    return a

@external
def foo():
    s: uint256[3000] = self.bar()
    assert(s[0] == 0)

Problematic Call:

try:
    c.foo()                     # Correctly reverts
except Exception as e:
    print("Correctly reverted")
try:
    c.foo(gas=210000)           # Incorrectly succeeds
    print("Incorrectly succeeded")
except Exception:
    pass

Identity used in raw_revert

  • Affected versions: 0.3.8 - 0.4.0
  • A copy operation might appear as part of raw_revert
  • As a result the revert reason might be incorrect

Vulnerable Code:

@external
def foo(_data: Bytes[10000]):
    b: Bytes[10000] = _data
    raw_revert(b)

Problematic Call:

calldata = binascii.unhexlify("bb" * 10_000)
c.foo(calldata)       # Has correct revert reason
c.foo(calldata, gas=4_800)       # Has empty revert reason, but not out-of-gas

Identity to copy static arrays

  • Affected versions: 0.2.0 - 0.4.0
  • Vyper might perform a memory copy for static arrays, e.g. when moving them in and out of internal functions
  • As this access is especially cheap (due to the static checks) it can also happen for smaller sizes

Vulnerable Code:

@external
def foo(x: uint256[2500]) -> uint256:
    s: uint256[2500] = x
    t: uint256[2500] = s
    return t[0]

Problematic Call:

calldata = [2] + [0] * 2499
print(c.foo(calldata))              # Prints 2
print(c.foo(calldata, gas=74500))   # Prints 0

Identity to copy and return String or Bytes

  • Affected versions: 0.20 - 0.4.0
  • Multiple situations in vyper might trigger a memory copy operation, e.g. moving data in and out of internal functions
  • If the target buffer is later returned, incorrect data might be returned

Vulnerable Code:

@external
@view
def foo(x: String[1000000]) -> String[1000000]:
    return x

Problematic Call:

calldata = "a"*1000000
x = c.foo(calldata)                 # Returns calldata
y = c.foo(calldata, gas=8_000_000)  # Returns empty data

Identity and accessing the length of the target data

  • Affected versions: 0.3.10 - 0.4.0
  • Accessing the data is fairly cheap, making it possible for smaller data copies

Vulnerable Code:

@external
@view
def foo(x: String[1000000]) -> uint256:
    y: String[1000000] = x
    return len(y)

Problematic Call:

calldata = "a"*1000000
x = c.foo(calldata)                 # Returns correct length
y = c.foo(calldata, gas=7_929_200)  # Returns incorrect length

Identity to copy and return String or Bytes

  • Affected versions: 0.3.10 - 0.4.0
  • Multiple situations in vyper might trigger a memory copy operation, e.g. moving data in and out of internal functions
  • If the target buffer is later returned, incorrect data might be returned

Vulnerable Code:

@external
@view
def foo(x: String[1000000]) -> String[1000000]:
    return x

Problematic Call:

calldata = "a"*1000000
x = c.foo(calldata)                 # Returns calldata
y = c.foo(calldata, gas=8_000_000)  # Returns empty data

Impact

A contract search was conducted and yielded no significant results.

The advisory was rated a medium because the likelihood is low, but difficult to detect by source code analysis alone, and could yield unexpected results if a contract is affected by the bug.

Severity
2.3 (Low)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c 0.4.1"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "vyper"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-21607"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-670",
      "CWE-703"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-01-14T16:34:20Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-01-14T18:16:05Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\n\nWhen the Vyper Compiler uses the precompiles EcRecover (0x1) and Identity (0x4), the success flag of the call is not checked. As a consequence an attacker can provide a specific amount of gas to make these calls fail but let the overall execution continue. Then the execution result can be incorrect.\n\nBased on EVM\u0027s rules, after the failed precompile the remaining code has only 1/64 of the pre-call-gas left (as 63/64 were forwarded and spent). Hence, only fairly simple executions can follow the failed precompile calls. Therefore, we found no significantly impacted real-world contracts.\n\nThe fix is tracked in https://github.com/vyperlang/vyper/pull/4451.\n\n### Details\n\n\n#### The relevant precompiles\n\n##### EcRecover\n\nEcRecover is used in vyper\u0027s `ecrecover` built-in. As the precompile consumes 3000 gas, any execution after an out-of-gas EcRecover call has at most 47 gas left.\n\n##### Identity\n\n- The Identity precompile is used in vyper to perform memory copy operations. As its cost is variable, a variable amount of gas might be left after a failed call. The bigger the copy operation, the more gas can be left. Hence, a failed call to Identity could theoretically be followed by successful storage changes or emitted events.\n- Identity is no longer used when `evm-version` `cancun` is used (because `MCOPY` is used instead). In 0.4.0 `cancun` is default, in 0.3.10 `cancun` is an option, otherwise `cancun` is not available. As only pre-`cancun` versions are relevant, we don\u0027t have to consider transient storage operations succeeding a failed call to Identity.\n\n#### The other precompiles\n\n- Calls to `Sha2`, `ecAdd`, and `ecMul` have success checks and have had them for a long time.\n- The precompiles `modexp`, `ripe`, `blake`, `ecPairing`, and `Point Evaluation` have no builtins in vyper.\n\n\n### PoC\n\nIn the following we provide concrete examples of incorrectly generated bytecode. These examples are not optimized, but rather Proof-of-Concepts. The list is also not exhaustive.\n\n#### `ecrecover` use\n\n- Affected versions: 0.2.0 - 0.4.0 \n- For older compiler versions (\u003c=0.3.9) it behaves similarly to this [older advisory](https://github.com/vyperlang/vyper/security/advisories/GHSA-f5x6-7qgp-jhf3). As no data is returned, the previous value of the memory word is returned to the user. Hence, any dirty bytes might be returned. Contracts with older compiler versions and `ecrecover` were checked.\n- For new vyper versions, the output buffer is zeroed, so when the call fails zero is returned. This is an incorrect result, but developers should anyway check for 0 as a failure case. Hence, this is unlikely to result in issues. However, we did search for such cases.\n- As mentioned above at most 47 gas is left after the failed call, hence a `return` is the most realistic scenario to be attacked.\n\nVulnerable Code:\n```py\n@external\n@view\ndef foo(hash: bytes32, v: uint256, r:uint256, s:uint256) -\u003e address:\n    return ecrecover(hash, v, r, s)\n```\n\nProblematic Call:\n```py\nprint(\n    c.foo(\n        binascii.unhexlify(\n            \"6c9c5e133b8aafb2ea74f524a5263495e7ae5701c7248805f7b511d973dc7055\"\n        ),\n        28,\n        78616903610408968922803823221221116251138855211764625814919875002740131251724,\n        37668412420813231458864536126575229553064045345107737433087067088194345044408,\n    )\n)  # Returns 0x9eE53ad38Bb67d745223a4257D7d48cE973FeB7A\n\nprint(\n    c.foo(\n        binascii.unhexlify(\n            \"6c9c5e133b8aafb2ea74f524a5263495e7ae5701c7248805f7b511d973dc7055\"\n        ),\n        28,\n        78616903610408968922803823221221116251138855211764625814919875002740131251724,\n        37668412420813231458864536126575229553064045345107737433087067088194345044408,\n        gas=3000,\n    )\n)  # Returns 0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000\n```\n\n#### Identity to copy Dynamic Arrays\n\n- Affected versions: 0.3.2 - 0.3.9\n- Dynamic Arrays might be copied on different occasions\n- That copy operation can fail leading to incorrect accesses afterwards\n\nVulnerable Code:\n```py\n\n@external\ndef foo() -\u003e uint256:\n    a: DynArray[uint256, 4000] = [2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 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0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]\n    b: DynArray[uint256, 4000] = a\n    return b[0]\n```\n\nProblematic Call:\n```py\nprint(c.foo())            # Prints 2\nprint(c.foo(gas=170000))  # Prints 0\n```\n\n#### Identity in ABI Encoding of Returndata\n\n- Affected versions: 0.3.2 - 0.4.0\n- Complex types such as Dynamic array with Strings inside need to be abi encoded before being returned\n- In that `return` there is a memory copy which can fail\n\nVulnerable Code:\n```py\n@external\n@view\ndef foo(x: String[1000000], y: String[1000000]) -\u003e DynArray[String[1000000], 2]:\n    z: DynArray[String[1000000], 2] = [x, y]\n    # Some code\n    return z\n```\n\nProblematic Call:\n```py\ncalldata0 = \"a\"*10\ncalldata1 = \"b\"*1000000\nc.foo(calldata0, calldata1)                   # Returns correct data\nc.foo(calldata0, calldata1, gas=48_400_000)   # Returns incorrect data (only first part)\n```\n\n#### Assertion based on data copied through Identity\n\n- Affected versions: 0.2.0 - 0.4.0\n- An incomplete copy operation might falsify the result of a subsequent `assert`\n\n\nVulnerable Code:\n```py\n@internal\ndef bar() -\u003e uint256[3000]:\n    a: uint256[3000] = [2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 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  c.foo(gas=210000)           # Incorrectly succeeds\n    print(\"Incorrectly succeeded\")\nexcept Exception:\n    pass\n```\n\n#### Identity used in `raw_revert`\n\n- Affected versions: 0.3.8 - 0.4.0\n- A copy operation might appear as part of raw_revert\n- As a result the revert reason might be incorrect\n\nVulnerable Code:\n```py\n@external\ndef foo(_data: Bytes[10000]):\n    b: Bytes[10000] = _data\n    raw_revert(b)\n```\n\nProblematic Call:\n```py\ncalldata = binascii.unhexlify(\"bb\" * 10_000)\nc.foo(calldata)       # Has correct revert reason\nc.foo(calldata, gas=4_800)       # Has empty revert reason, but not out-of-gas\n```\n\n\n#### Identity to copy static arrays\n\n- Affected versions: 0.2.0 - 0.4.0\n- Vyper might perform a memory copy for static arrays, e.g. when moving them in and out of internal functions\n- As this access is especially cheap (due to the static checks) it can also happen for smaller sizes\n\nVulnerable Code:\n```py\n@external\ndef foo(x: uint256[2500]) -\u003e uint256:\n    s: uint256[2500] = x\n    t: uint256[2500] = s\n    return t[0]\n```\n\nProblematic Call:\n```py\ncalldata = [2] + [0] * 2499\nprint(c.foo(calldata))              # Prints 2\nprint(c.foo(calldata, gas=74500))   # Prints 0\n```\n\n\n#### Identity to copy and return String or Bytes\n\n- Affected versions: 0.20 - 0.4.0\n- Multiple situations in vyper might trigger a memory copy operation, e.g. moving data in and out of internal functions\n- If the target buffer is later returned, incorrect data might be returned\n\nVulnerable Code:\n```py\n@external\n@view\ndef foo(x: String[1000000]) -\u003e String[1000000]:\n    return x\n```\n\nProblematic Call:\n```py\ncalldata = \"a\"*1000000\nx = c.foo(calldata)                 # Returns calldata\ny = c.foo(calldata, gas=8_000_000)  # Returns empty data\n```\n\n\n#### Identity and accessing the length of the target data\n\n- Affected versions: 0.3.10 - 0.4.0\n- Accessing the data is fairly cheap, making it possible for smaller data copies\n\nVulnerable Code:\n```py\n@external\n@view\ndef foo(x: String[1000000]) -\u003e uint256:\n    y: String[1000000] = x\n    return len(y)\n```\n\nProblematic Call:\n```py\ncalldata = \"a\"*1000000\nx = c.foo(calldata)                 # Returns correct length\ny = c.foo(calldata, gas=7_929_200)  # Returns incorrect length\n```\n\n#### Identity to copy and return String or Bytes\n\n- Affected versions: 0.3.10 - 0.4.0\n- Multiple situations in vyper might trigger a memory copy operation, e.g. moving data in and out of internal functions\n- If the target buffer is later returned, incorrect data might be returned\n\nVulnerable Code:\n```py\n@external\n@view\ndef foo(x: String[1000000]) -\u003e String[1000000]:\n    return x\n```\n\nProblematic Call:\n```py\ncalldata = \"a\"*1000000\nx = c.foo(calldata)                 # Returns calldata\ny = c.foo(calldata, gas=8_000_000)  # Returns empty data\n```\n\n### Impact\n\nA contract search was conducted and yielded no significant results.\n\nThe advisory was rated a medium because the likelihood is low, but difficult to detect by source code analysis alone, and could yield unexpected results if a contract is affected by the bug.",
  "id": "GHSA-vgf2-gvx8-xwc3",
  "modified": "2025-04-24T14:39:58Z",
  "published": "2025-01-14T16:34:20Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/vyperlang/vyper/security/advisories/GHSA-vgf2-gvx8-xwc3"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-21607"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/vyperlang/vyper/pull/4451"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/vyperlang/vyper/commit/7136eab0a254aa2ff7ddca41cc05f2ee1fa99caf"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/vyper/PYSEC-2025-33.yaml"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/vyperlang/vyper"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Vyper Does Not Check the Success of Certain Precompile Calls"
}

GHSA-VJFX-X9XG-H5H6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:47 – Updated: 2023-06-26 21:30
VLAI
Details

Improper handling of exceptional conditions in Bixby prior to version 3.0.53.02 allows attacker to execute the actions registered by the user.

Severity
7.3 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-25380"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-703",
      "CWE-755"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-04-09T18:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Improper handling of exceptional conditions in Bixby prior to version 3.0.53.02 allows attacker to execute the actions registered by the user.",
  "id": "GHSA-vjfx-x9xg-h5h6",
  "modified": "2023-06-26T21:30:51Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:47:00Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-25380"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.samsungmobile.com"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.samsungmobile.com/serviceWeb.smsb"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

No mitigation information available for this CWE.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.

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