Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-601
AllowedURL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The web application accepts a user-controlled input that specifies a link to an external site, and uses that link in a redirect.
2579 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2025-71405 (GCVE-0-2025-71405)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-14 11:35 – Updated: 2026-10-08 15:21
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
go-chi chi before v5.2.2 Open Redirect via RedirectSlashes
Summary
chi versions before v5.2.2 contain an open redirect vulnerability in the RedirectSlashes middleware function that uses the Host header to construct redirect URLs. Attackers can manipulate the Host header to redirect users to arbitrary hosts, enabling phishing attacks and credential theft.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-14 18:57 UTC
CWE
- CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/go-chi/chi/security/advisories… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/go-chi-chi-b… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2025-06-20 00:00
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CVE-2025-71403 (GCVE-0-2025-71403)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-01 12:22 – Updated: 2026-08-03 18:18
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
better-auth before 1.1.20 Open Redirect via trustedOrigins Bypass
Summary
better-auth versions before 1.1.20 contain a bypass vulnerability in trustedOrigins validation logic affecting absolute URLs and wildcard domains. Attackers can construct malicious callbackURL parameters that pass origin checks and trigger open redirects to steal sensitive tokens for account takeover.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-03 18:18 UTC
CWE
- CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/better-auth/better-auth/securi… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/better-auth-… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| better-auth | better-auth |
Affected:
0 , < 1.1.20
(semver)
Unaffected: 1.1.20 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:better-auth:better-auth\/oauth-provider:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:* |
Date Public
2025-02-24 00:00
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CVE-2025-71244 (GCVE-0-2025-71244)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-19 14:58 – Updated: 2026-03-05 01:29
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
SPIP < 4.4.5 Open Redirect via Login Form
Summary
SPIP before 4.4.5 and 4.3.9 allows an Open Redirect via the login form when used in AJAX mode. An attacker can craft a malicious URL that, when visited by a victim, redirects them to an arbitrary external site after login. This vulnerability only affects sites where the login page has been overridden to function in AJAX mode. It is not mitigated by the SPIP security screen.
Severity
6.1 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-02-19 17:22 UTC
CWE
- CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://blog.spip.net/Mise-a-jour-de-securite-sor… | vendor-advisorypatch |
| https://git.spip.net/spip/spip | product |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/spip-open-re… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2025-09-08 00:00
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CVE-2025-68616 (GCVE-0-2025-68616)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-19 15:20 – Updated: 2026-07-15 01:24
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
WeasyPrint Vulnerable to Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) Protection Bypass via HTTP Redirect
Summary
WeasyPrint helps web developers to create PDF documents. Prior to version 68.0, a server-side request forgery (SSRF) protection bypass exists in WeasyPrint's `default_url_fetcher`. The vulnerability allows attackers to access internal network resources (such as `localhost` services or cloud metadata endpoints) even when a developer has implemented a custom `url_fetcher` to block such access. This occurs because the underlying `urllib` library follows HTTP redirects automatically without re-validating the new destination against the developer's security policy. Version 68.0 contains a patch for the issue.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-01-20 15:42 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/Kozea/WeasyPrint/security/advi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/Kozea/WeasyPrint/commit/b6a14f… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-68616 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2430858 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/v… | x_sadp-csaf-vex |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kozea | WeasyPrint |
Affected:
< 68.0
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2
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CVE-2025-68602 (GCVE-0-2025-68602)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-24 13:10 – Updated: 2026-04-28 16:14
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
WordPress Accept Donations with PayPal plugin <= 1.5.2 - Open Redirection vulnerability
Summary
URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') vulnerability in Scott Paterson Accept Donations with PayPal & Stripe easy-paypal-donation allows Phishing.This issue affects Accept Donations with PayPal & Stripe: from n/a through <= 1.5.2.
Severity
4.7 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-12-24 18:44 UTC
CWE
- CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/… | vdb-entry |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Scott Paterson | Accept Donations with PayPal & Stripe |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.5.2
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-04-22 14:23
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CVE-2025-68509 (GCVE-0-2025-68509)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-24 12:31 – Updated: 2026-04-28 16:14
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
WordPress User Submitted Posts plugin <= 20251121 - Open Redirection vulnerability
Summary
URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') vulnerability in Jeff Starr User Submitted Posts user-submitted-posts allows Phishing.This issue affects User Submitted Posts: from n/a through <= 20251121.
Severity
4.7 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-12-24 19:11 UTC
CWE
- CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/… | vdb-entry |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jeff Starr | User Submitted Posts |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 20251121
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-04-22 14:23
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CVE-2025-68470 (GCVE-0-2025-68470)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-10 02:39 – Updated: 2026-01-12 18:17
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
React Router has unexpected external redirect via untrusted paths
Summary
React Router is a router for React. In versions 6.0.0 through 6.30.1 and 7.0.0 through 7.9.5, an attacker-supplied path can be crafted so that when a React Router application navigates to it via navigate(), <Link>, or redirect(), the app performs a navigation/redirect to an external URL. This is only an issue if you are passing untrusted content into navigation paths in your application code. This issue has been patched in versions 6.30.2 and 7.9.6.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-01-12 18:17 UTC
CWE
- CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/remix-run/react-router/securit… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| remix-run | react-router |
Affected:
>= 7.0.0, < 7.9.6
Affected: >= 6.0.0, < 6.30.2 |
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CVE-2025-67852 (GCVE-0-2025-67852)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-03 10:52 – Updated: 2026-02-03 15:44
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Moodle: moodle: open redirect vulnerability in oauth login flow allows redirection to malicious sites.
Summary
A flaw was found in Moodle. An open redirect vulnerability in the OAuth login flow allows a remote attacker to redirect users to attacker-controlled pages after they have successfully authenticated. This occurs due to insufficient validation of redirect parameters, which could lead to phishing attacks or information disclosure.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-02-03 15:44 UTC
CWE
- CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-67852 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2423844 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
Impacted products
Date Public
2025-12-15 04:00
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CVE-2025-67713 (GCVE-0-2025-67713)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-11 00:17 – Updated: 2025-12-11 18:52
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Miniflux 2 has an Open Redirect via protocol-relative `redirect_url`
Summary
Miniflux 2 is an open source feed reader. Versions 2.2.14 and below treat redirect_url as safe when url.Parse(...).IsAbs() is false, enabling phishing flows after login. Protocol-relative URLs like //ikotaslabs.com have an empty scheme and pass that check, allowing post-login redirects to attacker-controlled sites. This issue is fixed in version 2.2.15.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-12-11 18:47 UTC
CWE
- CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/miniflux/v2/security/advisorie… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/miniflux/v2/commit/76df99f3a3d… | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2025-67587 (GCVE-0-2025-67587)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-09 14:14 – Updated: 2026-04-28 16:14
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
WordPress WP Gravity Forms FreshDesk Plugin plugin <= 1.3.5 - Open Redirection vulnerability
Summary
URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') vulnerability in CRM Perks WP Gravity Forms FreshDesk Plugin gf-freshdesk allows Phishing.This issue affects WP Gravity Forms FreshDesk Plugin: from n/a through <= 1.3.5.
Severity
4.7 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-12-09 20:55 UTC
CWE
- CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/… | vdb-entry |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| CRM Perks | WP Gravity Forms FreshDesk Plugin |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.3.5
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-04-22 14:24
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Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- Use a list of approved URLs or domains to be used for redirection.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Use an intermediate disclaimer page that provides the user with a clear warning that they are leaving the current site. Implement a long timeout before the redirect occurs, or force the user to click on the link. Be careful to avoid XSS problems (CWE-79) when generating the disclaimer page.
Mitigation MIT-21.2
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion
- When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
- For example, ID 1 could map to "/login.asp" and ID 2 could map to "http://www.example.com/". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-45] provide this capability.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Ensure that no externally-supplied requests are honored by requiring that all redirect requests include a unique nonce generated by the application [REF-483]. Be sure that the nonce is not predictable (CWE-330).
Mitigation MIT-6
Architecture and Design
Implementation
Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction
- Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
- Many open redirect problems occur because the programmer assumed that certain inputs could not be modified, such as cookies and hidden form fields.
Mitigation MIT-29
Operation
Strategy: Firewall
Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].
CAPEC-178: Cross-Site Flashing
An attacker is able to trick the victim into executing a Flash document that passes commands or calls to a Flash player browser plugin, allowing the attacker to exploit native Flash functionality in the client browser. This attack pattern occurs where an attacker can provide a crafted link to a Flash document (SWF file) which, when followed, will cause additional malicious instructions to be executed. The attacker does not need to serve or control the Flash document. The attack takes advantage of the fact that Flash files can reference external URLs. If variables that serve as URLs that the Flash application references can be controlled through parameters, then by creating a link that includes values for those parameters, an attacker can cause arbitrary content to be referenced and possibly executed by the targeted Flash application.