Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-471

Allowed

Modification of Assumed-Immutable Data (MAID)

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product does not properly protect an assumed-immutable element from being modified by an attacker.

78 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2018-3728 (GCVE-0-2018-3728)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2018-03-30 19:00 – Updated: 2024-08-05 04:50
VLAI
Summary
hoek node module before 4.2.0 and 5.0.x before 5.0.3 suffers from a Modification of Assumed-Immutable Data (MAID) vulnerability via 'merge' and 'applyToDefaults' functions, which allows a malicious user to modify the prototype of "Object" via __proto__, causing the addition or modification of an existing property that will exist on all objects.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
  • CWE-471 - Modification of Assumed-Immutable Data (MAID) (CWE-471)
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
hapi hoek node module Affected: Versions before 5.0.3
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2018-03-30 00:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2018-3723 (GCVE-0-2018-3723)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2018-06-07 02:00 – Updated: 2024-09-16 21:08
VLAI
Summary
defaults-deep node module before 0.2.4 suffers from a Modification of Assumed-Immutable Data (MAID) vulnerability, which allows a malicious user to modify the prototype of "Object" via __proto__, causing the addition or modification of an existing property that will exist on all objects.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
  • CWE-471 - Modification of Assumed-Immutable Data (MAID) (CWE-471)
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
HackerOne defaults-deep node module Affected: Versions before 0.2.4
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2018-04-26 00:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2018-3722 (GCVE-0-2018-3722)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2018-06-07 02:00 – Updated: 2024-09-17 04:14
VLAI
Summary
merge-deep node module before 3.0.1 suffers from a Modification of Assumed-Immutable Data (MAID) vulnerability, which allows a malicious user to modify the prototype of "Object" via __proto__, causing the addition or modification of an existing property that will exist on all objects.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
  • CWE-471 - Modification of Assumed-Immutable Data (MAID) (CWE-471)
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
HackerOne merge-deep node module Affected: Versions before 3.0.1
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2018-04-26 00:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2018-3721 (GCVE-0-2018-3721)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2018-06-07 02:00 – Updated: 2024-09-16 22:34
VLAI
Summary
lodash node module before 4.17.5 suffers from a Modification of Assumed-Immutable Data (MAID) vulnerability via defaultsDeep, merge, and mergeWith functions, which allows a malicious user to modify the prototype of "Object" via __proto__, causing the addition or modification of an existing property that will exist on all objects.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
  • CWE-471 - Modification of Assumed-Immutable Data (MAID) (CWE-471)
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
HackerOne lodash node module Affected: Versions before 4.17.5
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2018-04-26 00:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2018-3720 (GCVE-0-2018-3720)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2018-06-07 02:00 – Updated: 2024-09-16 22:56
VLAI
Summary
assign-deep node module before 0.4.7 suffers from a Modification of Assumed-Immutable Data (MAID) vulnerability, which allows a malicious user to modify the prototype of "Object" via __proto__, causing the addition or modification of an existing property that will exist on all objects.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
  • CWE-471 - Modification of Assumed-Immutable Data (MAID) (CWE-471)
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
HackerOne assign-deep node module Affected: Versions before 0.4.7
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2018-04-26 00:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2018-3719 (GCVE-0-2018-3719)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2018-06-07 02:00 – Updated: 2024-09-17 04:19
VLAI
Summary
mixin-deep node module before 1.3.1 suffers from a Modification of Assumed-Immutable Data (MAID) vulnerability, which allows a malicious user to modify the prototype of "Object" via __proto__, causing the addition or modification of an existing property that will exist on all objects.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
  • CWE-471 - Modification of Assumed-Immutable Data (MAID) (CWE-471)
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
HackerOne mixin-deep node module Affected: Versions before 1.3.1
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2018-04-26 00:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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GHSA-3MPR-HQ3P-49H9

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2018-07-26 15:10 – Updated: 2023-03-01 01:32
VLAI
Summary
Prototype Pollution in mixin-deep
Details

Versions of mixin-deep before 1.3.1 are vulnerable to prototype pollution via merging functions.

Recommendation

Update to version 1.3.1 or later.

Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

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      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "mixin-deep"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
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          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
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  ],
  "aliases": [
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  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
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    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2020-06-16T20:55:36Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-06-07T02:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Versions of `mixin-deep` before 1.3.1 are vulnerable to prototype pollution via merging functions.\n\n\n## Recommendation\n\nUpdate to version 1.3.1 or later.",
  "id": "GHSA-3mpr-hq3p-49h9",
  "modified": "2023-03-01T01:32:37Z",
  "published": "2018-07-26T15:10:54Z",
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      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-3719"
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    }
  ],
  "summary": "Prototype Pollution in mixin-deep"
}

GHSA-3Q24-WF35-56H6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-23 18:31 – Updated: 2025-01-23 18:31
VLAI
Details

IBM Security Verify Bridge 1.0.0 through 1.0.15 could allow a local privileged user to overwrite files due to excessive privileges granted to the agent. which could also cause a denial of service.

Severity
6.0 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

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    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-01-23T18:15:30Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "IBM Security Verify Bridge 1.0.0 through 1.0.15 could allow a local privileged user to overwrite files due to excessive privileges granted to the agent. which could also cause a denial of service.",
  "id": "GHSA-3q24-wf35-56h6",
  "modified": "2025-01-23T18:31:20Z",
  "published": "2025-01-23T18:31:20Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-45672"
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      "url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7181370"
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      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-3WC3-W43J-X6WH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-22 18:31 – Updated: 2025-05-22 18:31
VLAI
Details

IBM Aspera Faspex 5.0.0 through 5.0.12 could allow an authenticated user to obtain sensitive information or perform unauthorized actions on behalf of another user due to improper protection of assumed immutable data.

Severity
7.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

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    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-05-22T17:15:23Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "IBM Aspera Faspex 5.0.0 through 5.0.12 could allow an authenticated user to obtain sensitive information or perform unauthorized actions on behalf of another user due to improper protection of assumed immutable data.",
  "id": "GHSA-3wc3-w43j-x6wh",
  "modified": "2025-05-22T18:31:15Z",
  "published": "2025-05-22T18:31:15Z",
  "references": [
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      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-33136"
    },
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      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-3XQ3-MVF9-543X

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:14 – Updated: 2025-04-23 21:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability has been identified in SINEMA Remote Connect Server (All versions < V3.0 SP2). The status provided by the syslog clients managed by the affected software can be manipulated by an unauthenticated attacker in the same network of the affected system.

Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

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  "aliases": [
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  ],
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    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-09-14T11:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability has been identified in SINEMA Remote Connect Server (All versions \u003c V3.0 SP2). The status provided by the syslog clients managed by the affected software can be manipulated by an unauthenticated attacker in the same network of the affected system.",
  "id": "GHSA-3xq3-mvf9-543x",
  "modified": "2025-04-23T21:30:29Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:14:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-37177"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-334944.pdf"
    }
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}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design Operation Implementation

When the data is stored or transmitted through untrusted sources that could modify the data, implement integrity checks to detect unauthorized modification, or store/transmit the data in a trusted location that is free from external influence.

CAPEC-384: Application API Message Manipulation via Man-in-the-Middle

An attacker manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the content of messages. Performing this attack can allow the attacker to gain unauthorized privileges within the application, or conduct attacks such as phishing, deceptive strategies to spread malware, or traditional web-application attacks. The techniques require use of specialized software that allow the attacker to perform adversary-in-the-middle (CAPEC-94) communications between the web browser and the remote system. Despite the use of AiTH software, the attack is actually directed at the server, as the client is one node in a series of content brokers that pass information along to the application framework. Additionally, it is not true "Adversary-in-the-Middle" attack at the network layer, but an application-layer attack the root cause of which is the master applications trust in the integrity of code supplied by the client.

CAPEC-385: Transaction or Event Tampering via Application API Manipulation

An attacker hosts or joins an event or transaction within an application framework in order to change the content of messages or items that are being exchanged. Performing this attack allows the attacker to manipulate content in such a way as to produce messages or content that look authentic but may contain deceptive links, substitute one item or another, spoof an existing item and conduct a false exchange, or otherwise change the amounts or identity of what is being exchanged. The techniques require use of specialized software that allow the attacker to man-in-the-middle communications between the web browser and the remote system in order to change the content of various application elements. Often, items exchanged in game can be monetized via sales for coin, virtual dollars, etc. The purpose of the attack is for the attack to scam the victim by trapping the data packets involved the exchange and altering the integrity of the transfer process.

CAPEC-386: Application API Navigation Remapping

An attacker manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the destination and/or content of links/buttons displayed to a user within API messages. Performing this attack allows the attacker to manipulate content in such a way as to produce messages or content that looks authentic but contains links/buttons that point to an attacker controlled destination. Some applications make navigation remapping more difficult to detect because the actual HREF values of images, profile elements, and links/buttons are masked. One example would be to place an image in a user's photo gallery that when clicked upon redirected the user to an off-site location. Also, traditional web vulnerabilities (such as CSRF) can be constructed with remapped buttons or links. In some cases navigation remapping can be used for Phishing attacks or even means to artificially boost the page view, user site reputation, or click-fraud.

CAPEC-387: Navigation Remapping To Propagate Malicious Content

An adversary manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the content of messages and thereby circumvent the expected application logic.

CAPEC-388: Application API Button Hijacking

An attacker manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the destination and/or content of buttons displayed to a user within API messages. Performing this attack allows the attacker to manipulate content in such a way as to produce messages or content that looks authentic but contains buttons that point to an attacker controlled destination.

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