CWE-451
Allowed-with-ReviewUser Interface (UI) Misrepresentation of Critical Information
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The user interface (UI) does not properly represent critical information to the user, allowing the information - or its source - to be obscured or spoofed. This is often a component in phishing attacks.
506 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-C4G9-Q4RC-577F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-19 21:30 – Updated: 2025-08-20 18:30A crafted URL using a blob: URI could have hidden the true origin of the page, resulting in a potential spoofing attack. Note: This issue only affected Android operating systems. Other operating systems are unaffected. This vulnerability affects Firefox < 141.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-8364"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-451"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-19T21:15:29Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A crafted URL using a blob: URI could have hidden the true origin of the page, resulting in a potential spoofing attack.\n*Note: This issue only affected Android operating systems. Other operating systems are unaffected.* This vulnerability affects Firefox \u003c 141.",
"id": "GHSA-c4g9-q4rc-577f",
"modified": "2025-08-20T18:30:20Z",
"published": "2025-08-19T21:30:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-8364"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1909609"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1969937"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-56"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C4HJ-4CX7-W3FJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-01 00:34 – Updated: 2026-07-01 18:31Insufficient validation of untrusted input in Chrome for iOS in Google Chrome on iOS prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-13991"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-20",
"CWE-451"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-30T23:17:12Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Insufficient validation of untrusted input in Chrome for iOS in Google Chrome on iOS prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)",
"id": "GHSA-c4hj-4cx7-w3fj",
"modified": "2026-07-01T18:31:34Z",
"published": "2026-07-01T00:34:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-13991"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/06/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_0175352312.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/514061117"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C53H-XMGP-J2HJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-01 00:34 – Updated: 2026-07-01 18:31Insufficient validation of untrusted input in Chrome for iOS in Google Chrome on iOS prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-14136"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-451"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-30T23:17:25Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Insufficient validation of untrusted input in Chrome for iOS in Google Chrome on iOS prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)",
"id": "GHSA-c53h-xmgp-j2hj",
"modified": "2026-07-01T18:31:41Z",
"published": "2026-07-01T00:34:11Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-14136"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/06/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_0175352312.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/514068611"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C5WM-VQW7-8PV3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-01 00:34 – Updated: 2026-07-01 03:35Inappropriate implementation in UI in Google Chrome on Mac prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific UI gestures to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-13992"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-451"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-30T23:17:12Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Inappropriate implementation in UI in Google Chrome on Mac prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific UI gestures to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)",
"id": "GHSA-c5wm-vqw7-8pv3",
"modified": "2026-07-01T03:35:23Z",
"published": "2026-07-01T00:34:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-13992"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/06/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_0175352312.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/514063409"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C64M-P38J-GXH3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-09 15:30 – Updated: 2026-03-09 15:30Malicious scripts could display attacker-controlled web content under spoofed domains in Focus for iOS by stalling a _self navigation to an invalid port and triggering an iframe redirect, causing the UI to display a trusted domain without user interaction. This vulnerability affects Focus for iOS < 148.2.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-2919"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-451"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-09T14:16:10Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Malicious scripts could display attacker-controlled web content under spoofed domains in Focus for iOS by stalling a _self navigation to an invalid port and triggering an iframe redirect, causing the UI to display a trusted domain without user interaction. This vulnerability affects Focus for iOS \u003c 148.2.",
"id": "GHSA-c64m-p38j-gxh3",
"modified": "2026-03-09T15:30:47Z",
"published": "2026-03-09T15:30:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-2919"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1975842"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2026-18"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C83P-9H6M-7F68
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-02 00:31 – Updated: 2026-07-02 18:36Inappropriate implementation in Skia in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.46 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the renderer process to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-14410"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-451"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-01T23:16:49Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Inappropriate implementation in Skia in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.46 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the renderer process to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)",
"id": "GHSA-c83p-9h6m-7f68",
"modified": "2026-07-02T18:36:24Z",
"published": "2026-07-02T00:31:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-14410"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/06/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_0175352312.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/513836996"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CCW9-37R6-R7RX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-23 21:30 – Updated: 2026-09-23 21:30Arc Search for Android before version 1.12.10 does not display a fullscreen notification when a page enters fullscreen mode while the app is running in the background. A remote attacker can exploit this via a specially crafted website to render fake UI elements, such as a spoofed address bar, misleading the user about the origin of displayed content and increasing the risk of phishing.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-94183"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-451"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-23T20:17:23Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Arc Search for Android before version 1.12.10 does not display a fullscreen notification when a page enters fullscreen mode while the app is running in the background. A remote attacker can exploit this via a specially crafted website to render fake UI elements, such as a spoofed address bar, misleading the user about the origin of displayed content and increasing the risk of phishing.",
"id": "GHSA-ccw9-37r6-r7rx",
"modified": "2026-09-23T21:30:59Z",
"published": "2026-09-23T21:30:59Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-94183"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/3572193"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://arc.net/security/bulletins#cve-2026-94183-address-bar-spoof-risk-missing-fullscreen-notification-on-return-from-background"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CG43-4593-G94C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-27 18:32 – Updated: 2025-01-27 18:32A vulnerability was found in TP-Link TL-SG108E 1.0.0 Build 20201208 Rel. 40304. It has been rated as problematic. This issue affects some unknown processing. The manipulation leads to clickjacking. The attack may be initiated remotely. Upgrading to version 1.0.0 Build 20250124 Rel. 54920(Beta) is able to address this issue. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component. The vendor was contacted early. They reacted very professional and provided a pre-fix version for their customers.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-0729"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-451"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-01-27T17:15:16Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was found in TP-Link TL-SG108E 1.0.0 Build 20201208 Rel. 40304. It has been rated as problematic. This issue affects some unknown processing. The manipulation leads to clickjacking. The attack may be initiated remotely. Upgrading to version 1.0.0 Build 20250124 Rel. 54920(Beta) is able to address this issue. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component. The vendor was contacted early. They reacted very professional and provided a pre-fix version for their customers.",
"id": "GHSA-cg43-4593-g94c",
"modified": "2025-01-27T18:32:01Z",
"published": "2025-01-27T18:32:01Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-0729"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/TheCyberDiver/Public-Disclosures-CVE-/blob/main/tp-link%20clickjacking.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://static.tp-link.com/upload/beta/2025/202501/20250124/TL-SG108E(UN)%206.0_1.0.0%20Build%2020250124%20Rel.54920(Beta)_up.zip"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.293507"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.293507"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.478451"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.tp-link.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-CHFR-PW29-6GJH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-29 18:32 – Updated: 2026-09-29 21:33UI misrepresentation in Messages in Google Chrome on on Android prior to 154.0.8037.57 allowed a remote attacker leveraging social engineering to potentially spoof UI elements via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-95337"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-451"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-29T18:17:26Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "UI misrepresentation in Messages in Google Chrome on on Android prior to 154.0.8037.57 allowed a remote attacker leveraging social engineering to potentially spoof UI elements via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)",
"id": "GHSA-chfr-pw29-6gjh",
"modified": "2026-09-29T21:33:20Z",
"published": "2026-09-29T18:32:09Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-95337"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/09/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_0856730748.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/514019137"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CHJ3-WW9M-FV7V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-11-02 12:00 – Updated: 2022-11-02 19:00Incorrect security UI in full screen in Google Chrome prior to 106.0.5249.62 allowed a remote attacker to spoof security UI via a crafted HTML page. (Chrome security severity: Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-3313"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-451"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-11-01T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Incorrect security UI in full screen in Google Chrome prior to 106.0.5249.62 allowed a remote attacker to spoof security UI via a crafted HTML page. (Chrome security severity: Medium)",
"id": "GHSA-chj3-ww9m-fv7v",
"modified": "2022-11-02T19:00:24Z",
"published": "2022-11-02T12:00:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-3313"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2022/09/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_27.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://crbug.com/1317904"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Strategy: Input Validation
Perform data validation (e.g. syntax, length, etc.) before interpreting the data.
Mitigation
Strategy: Output Encoding
Create a strategy for presenting information, and plan for how to display unusual characters.
CAPEC-154: Resource Location Spoofing
An adversary deceives an application or user and convinces them to request a resource from an unintended location. By spoofing the location, the adversary can cause an alternate resource to be used, often one that the adversary controls and can be used to help them achieve their malicious goals.
CAPEC-163: Spear Phishing
An adversary targets a specific user or group with a Phishing (CAPEC-98) attack tailored to a category of users in order to have maximum relevance and deceptive capability. Spear Phishing is an enhanced version of the Phishing attack targeted to a specific user or group. The quality of the targeted email is usually enhanced by appearing to come from a known or trusted entity. If the email account of some trusted entity has been compromised the message may be digitally signed. The message will contain information specific to the targeted users that will enhance the probability that they will follow the URL to the compromised site. For example, the message may indicate knowledge of the targets employment, residence, interests, or other information that suggests familiarity. As soon as the user follows the instructions in the message, the attack proceeds as a standard Phishing attack.
CAPEC-164: Mobile Phishing
An adversary targets mobile phone users with a phishing attack for the purpose of soliciting account passwords or sensitive information from the user. Mobile Phishing is a variation of the Phishing social engineering technique where the attack is initiated via a text or SMS message, rather than email. The user is enticed to provide information or visit a compromised web site via this message. Apart from the manner in which the attack is initiated, the attack proceeds as a standard Phishing attack.
CAPEC-173: Action Spoofing
An adversary is able to disguise one action for another and therefore trick a user into initiating one type of action when they intend to initiate a different action. For example, a user might be led to believe that clicking a button will submit a query, but in fact it downloads software. Adversaries may perform this attack through social means, such as by simply convincing a victim to perform the action or relying on a user's natural inclination to do so, or through technical means, such as a clickjacking attack where a user sees one interface but is actually interacting with a second, invisible, interface.
CAPEC-98: Phishing
Phishing is a social engineering technique where an attacker masquerades as a legitimate entity with which the victim might do business in order to prompt the user to reveal some confidential information (very frequently authentication credentials) that can later be used by an attacker. Phishing is essentially a form of information gathering or "fishing" for information.