Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-444
AllowedInconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
The product acts as an intermediary HTTP agent (such as a proxy or firewall) in the data flow between two entities such as a client and server, but it does not interpret malformed HTTP requests or responses in ways that are consistent with how the messages will be processed by those entities that are at the ultimate destination.
701 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-11806 (GCVE-0-2026-11806)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-30 19:43 – Updated: 2026-07-02 03:56
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty is affected by a an arbitrary file read vulnerability
Summary
IBM WebSphere Application Server - Liberty 17.0.0.3 through 26.0.0.6 is affected by an arbitrary file read vulnerability with the restConnector-2.0 feature enabled.
Severity
7.2 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-01 00:00 UTC
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7277536 | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| IBM | WebSphere Application Server - Liberty |
Affected:
17.0.0.3 , ≤ 26.0.0.6
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server___liberty:17.0.0.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server___liberty:26.0.0.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-11722 (GCVE-0-2026-11722)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-18 19:14 – Updated: 2026-09-19 14:11
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Multiple security vulnerabilities may affect IBM WebSphere Liberty that is shipped with IBM CICS TX Advanced.
Summary
IBM WebSphere Application Server and WebSphere Application Server Liberty are affected by an HTTP request smuggling vulnerability.
Severity
4.8 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-19 13:42 UTC
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7287740 | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| IBM | CICS TX Advanced |
Affected:
10.1
cpe:2.3:a:ibm:cics_tx_advanced:10.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:cics_tx_advanced:10.1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-11710 (GCVE-0-2026-11710)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-18 19:08 – Updated: 2026-09-19 14:11
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
IBM WebSphere Application Server is affected by an HTTP request smuggling vulnerability
Summary
IBM WebSphere Application Server 8.5 is affected by an HTTP request smuggling vulnerability due to improper handling of Content-Length headers.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-19 13:36 UTC
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7286731 | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| IBM | WebSphere Application Server |
Affected:
8.5
cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:8.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:8.5.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-11548 (GCVE-0-2026-11548)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-18 19:05 – Updated: 2026-09-19 14:11
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Multiple security vulnerabilities may affect IBM WebSphere Liberty that is shipped with IBM CICS TX Advanced.
Summary
IBM WebSphere Application Server and WebSphere Application Server Liberty are affected by an HTTP request smuggling vulnerability.
Severity
4.8 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-19 13:36 UTC
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7287740 | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| IBM | CICS TX Advanced |
Affected:
10.1
cpe:2.3:a:ibm:cics_tx_advanced:10.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:cics_tx_advanced:10.1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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}
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CVE-2026-11541 (GCVE-0-2026-11541)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-30 20:56 – Updated: 2026-07-29 18:12
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests in CICS Transaction Gateway for Multiplatforms.
Summary
IBM CICS Transaction Gateway for Multiplatforms 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, and 10.1 IBM WebSphere Application Server 9.0, and 8.5 and IBM WebSphere Application Server - Liberty 17.0.0.3 through 26.0.0.6 are affected by an HTTP request smuggling vulnerability.
Severity
7.4 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-01 14:52 UTC
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7281750 | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| IBM | CICS Transaction Gateway for Multiplatforms |
Affected:
9.1
Affected: 9.2 Affected: 9.3 Affected: 10.1 |
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CVE-2026-10841 (GCVE-0-2026-10841)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-18 16:06 – Updated: 2026-09-30 17:25
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Multiple security vulnerabilities may affect IBM WebSphere Liberty that is shipped with IBM CICS TX Advanced.
Summary
IBM WebSphere Application Server 8.5, 9.0, and Liberty are vulnerable to HTTP request smuggling.
Severity
4.8 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-18 17:24 UTC
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7287740 | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| IBM | CICS TX Advanced |
Affected:
10.1
cpe:2.3:a:ibm:cics_tx_advanced:10.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:cics_tx_advanced:10.1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-9190 (GCVE-0-2026-9190)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-05 15:34 – Updated: 2026-08-07 03:55
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
HTTP request smuggling in Progress MarkLogic Server
Summary
An HTTP request smuggling vulnerability in the HTTP App Server of Progress MarkLogic Server before 11.3.6 and 12.0.3 allows a remote attacker to bypass authentication and authorization checks, hijack a legitimate user's session, or capture credentials. The vulnerability occurs when a crafted HTTP request containing both Content-Length and Transfer-Encoding headers causes a reverse proxy and MarkLogic Server to interpret request boundaries differently.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-06 00:00 UTC
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://community.progress.com/s/article/Marklogi… | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Progress Software Corporation | MarkLogic Server |
Affected:
11.0.0 , < 11.3.6
(custom)
Affected: 12.0.0 , < 12.0.3 (custom) |
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CVE-2026-8646 (GCVE-0-2026-8646)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-22 14:44 – Updated: 2026-06-24 03:56
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
IBM WebSphere Application Server and WebSphere Application Server Liberty are affected by multiple vulnerabilities
Summary
IBM WebSphere Application Server 9.0 and 8.5 and IBM WebSphere Application Server - Liberty 17.0.0.3 through 26.0.0.6 are vulnerable to HTTP request smuggling. A remote attacker could smuggle a specially crafted request to the application server thereby allowing the attacker to bypass security controls, spoof identity, escalate privilege, and expose sensitive information.
Severity
7.4 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-23 00:00 UTC
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7276579 | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| IBM | WebSphere Application Server |
Affected:
9.0.0 , ≤ 7.0.2 Interim Fix 035
(semver)
Affected: 8.5.0 , ≤ 7.0.3 Interim Fix 017 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:9.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:9.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:8.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:8.5.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| IBM | WebSphere Application Server - Liberty |
Affected:
17.0.0.3 , ≤ 26.0.0.6
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server___liberty:17.0.0.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server___liberty:26.0.0.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-8620 (GCVE-0-2026-8620)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-26 17:15 – Updated: 2026-05-27 13:12
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
IBM WebSphere Application Server and WebSphere Application Server Liberty are affected by multiple vulnerabilities when using when using Web Server Plug-ins
Summary
IBM Web Server Plug-ins for WebSphere Application Server and WebSphere Liberty 8.5, 9.0 IBM WebSphere Application Server and WebSphere Application Server Liberty are vulnerable to HTTP request smuggling in the Web Server Plug-ins through a specially crafted request.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-27 13:12 UTC
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7274072 | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| IBM | Web Server Plug-ins for WebSphere Application Server and WebSphere Liberty |
Affected:
8.5, 9.0 , ≤ Interim Fix 002
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:ibm:web_server_plug_ins_for_websphere_application_server_and_websphere_liberty:8.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:web_server_plug_ins_for_websphere_application_server_and_websphere_liberty:8.5.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-6338 (GCVE-0-2026-6338)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-11 13:47 – Updated: 2026-06-11 14:23
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
HTTP request smuggling in Kong Enteprise Gateway
Summary
A HTTP request smuggling and desynchronization vulnerability affects Kong Gateway Enterprise 3.4, 3.10, 3.11, 3.12, 3.13, and 3.14 series. The vulnerability is caused by a parsing flaw in Kong’s HTTP request processing pipeline when handling untrusted HTTP/1.1 traffic.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-11 14:22 UTC
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent interpretation of HTTP requests ('HTTP Request/Response smuggling')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://support.konghq.com/support/s/article/CVE-… | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kong | Kong Enterprise Gateway |
Affected:
3.4.0.0 , < 3.4.3.27
(kong enteprise gateway 3.4)
Affected: 3.10.0.0 , < 3.10.0.12 (kong enteprise gateway 3.10) Affected: 3.11.0.0 , < 3.11.0.12 (kong enteprise gateway 3.11) Affected: 3.12.0.0 , < 3.12.0.7 (kong enteprise gateway 3.12) Affected: 3.13.0.0 , < 3.13.0.5 (kong enteprise gateway 3.13) Affected: 3.14.0.0 , < 3.14.0.4 (kong enteprise gateway 3.14) |
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Mitigation
Implementation
Use a web server that employs a strict HTTP parsing procedure, such as Apache [REF-433].
Mitigation
Implementation
Use only SSL communication.
Mitigation
Implementation
Terminate the client session after each request.
Mitigation
System Configuration
Turn all pages to non-cacheable.
CAPEC-273: HTTP Response Smuggling
An adversary manipulates and injects malicious content in the form of secret unauthorized HTTP responses, into a single HTTP response from a vulnerable or compromised back-end HTTP agent (e.g., server).
See CanPrecede relationships for possible consequences.
CAPEC-33: HTTP Request Smuggling
An adversary abuses the flexibility and discrepancies in the parsing and interpretation of HTTP Request messages using various HTTP headers, request-line and body parameters as well as message sizes (denoted by the end of message signaled by a given HTTP header) by different intermediary HTTP agents (e.g., load balancer, reverse proxy, web caching proxies, application firewalls, etc.) to secretly send unauthorized and malicious HTTP requests to a back-end HTTP agent (e.g., web server).
See CanPrecede relationships for possible consequences.