CWE-416

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-54030"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-416"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-01-07T08:15:25Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "in OpenHarmony v4.1.2 and prior versions allow a local attacker cause DOS\u00a0through use after free.",
  "id": "GHSA-j4j8-gwpj-2hxg",
  "modified": "2025-10-16T15:30:25Z",
  "published": "2025-01-07T09:30:46Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-54030"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gitee.com/openharmony/security/blob/master/zh/security-disclosure/2025/2025-01.md"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-53175"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-416",
      "CWE-825"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-25T09:16:34Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ninet: frags: fix use-after-free caused by the fqdir_pre_exit() flush\n\nOn netns teardown, fqdir_pre_exit() walks the fqdir rhashtable and\nflushes every fragment queue that is not yet complete using\ninet_frag_queue_flush(). That helper frees all the skbs queued on the\nfragment queue but does not set INET_FRAG_COMPLETE, and leaves\nq-\u003efragments_tail and q-\u003elast_run_head pointing at the freed skbs.\nThe queue itself stays in the rhashtable.\n\nfqdir_pre_exit() first lowers high_thresh to 0 to stop new queue lookups,\nbut it cannot stop a fragment that already obtained the queue through\ninet_frag_find() earlier and stalled just before taking the queue lock.\nOnce that fragment resumes after the flush and takes the queue lock,\nit passes the INET_FRAG_COMPLETE check and then dereferences the freed\nfragments_tail. inet_frag_queue_insert() reads FRAG_CB() and -\u003elen of\nthat pointer and, on the append path, writes -\u003enext_frag, causing a\nslab use-after-free. IPv6, nf_conntrack_reasm6 and 6lowpan reassembly\nshare the same flush path and are affected as well.\n\nReset rb_fragments, fragments_tail and last_run_head in\ninet_frag_queue_flush() so a flushed queue no longer points at the\nfreed skbs. A fragment that resumes after the flush and takes the\nqueue lock then finds an empty queue and starts a new run instead of\ndereferencing the freed fragments_tail. ip_frag_reinit() already\nperformed this reset after its own flush, so drop the now duplicate\ncode there.",
  "id": "GHSA-j4jv-fp59-574f",
  "modified": "2026-06-30T03:37:13Z",
  "published": "2026-06-25T09:31:20Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-53175"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-53175"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2492840"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/010c3313a4d178dc2d3ce958d2e5cb055e2864c1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0e823ca0e7391630784ae7dd0981b7ad170a93d9"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/32594b09854970d7ba83eb2dc8c69a2edd158c8e"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/89b909e9704587bfecc1aab1d37e98faee03b9f9"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c22599cc90e1cd5f8129c8670bd68a02ff7177b4"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-53175.json"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-29985"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-416"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-08-17T20:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A use-after-free vulnerability in media channels could have led to memory corruption and a potentially exploitable crash. This vulnerability affects Thunderbird \u003c 78.13, Thunderbird \u003c 91, Firefox ESR \u003c 78.13, and Firefox \u003c 91.",
  "id": "GHSA-j4mj-qqm4-jqf7",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T19:11:21Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:11:21Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-29985"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1722083"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202202-03"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202208-14"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2021-33"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2021-34"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2021-35"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2021-36"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-11529"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-416"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-07-11T16:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "VideoLAN VLC media player 2.2.x is prone to a use after free vulnerability which an attacker can leverage to execute arbitrary code via crafted MKV files. Failed exploit attempts will likely result in denial of service conditions.",
  "id": "GHSA-j4p7-jwxh-8774",
  "modified": "2022-05-14T01:17:54Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T01:17:54Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-11529"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2018/dsa-4251"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/45626"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2018/Jul/28"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1041311"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-30086"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-416"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-06-11T17:15:56Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Windows Win32 Kernel Subsystem Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability",
  "id": "GHSA-j4qq-fq33-g7hw",
  "modified": "2024-06-11T18:30:49Z",
  "published": "2024-06-11T18:30:49Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-30086"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2024-30086"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-2236"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-416"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-05-01T13:15:44Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A use-after-free vulnerability in the Linux Kernel io_uring subsystem can be exploited to achieve local privilege escalation.\n\nBoth\u00a0io_install_fixed_file\u00a0and its callers call fput in a file in case of an error, causing a reference underflow which leads to a use-after-free vulnerability.\n\nWe recommend upgrading past commit 9d94c04c0db024922e886c9fd429659f22f48ea4.",
  "id": "GHSA-j4r5-9qqm-p694",
  "modified": "2025-02-13T18:31:34Z",
  "published": "2023-07-06T19:24:19Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-2236"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=9d94c04c0db024922e886c9fd429659f22f48ea4"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://kernel.dance/9d94c04c0db024922e886c9fd429659f22f48ea4"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20230601-0010"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/apptainer/apptainer"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.1.8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-30549"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-416"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-04-25T19:48:35Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-04-25T21:15:10Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\nThere is an ext4 use-after-free flaw described in CVE-2022-1184 that is exploitable through versions of Apptainer \u003c 1.1.0 and installations that include apptainer-suid \u003c 1.1.8 on older operating systems where that CVE has not been patched.  That includes Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7, Debian 10 buster (unless the linux-5.10 package is installed), Ubuntu 18.04 bionic and Ubuntu 20.04 focal.  Use-after-free flaws in the kernel can be used to attack the kernel for denial of service and potentially for privilege escalation.\n\n### Background\nHistorically there have been many CVEs published for extfs and a smaller number for squashfs, including serious use-after-free and buffer overrun vulnerabilities, that are scored as \"Moderate\" or \"Low\" impact only because unprivileged users were assumed to not have write access to the raw data.  Because of those ratings, vendors treat such CVEs as low urgency and either delay a patch until their next major release or never patch older but still supported operating systems at all.  Many Linux distributions automatically mount user-writable USB-drive volumes, but those are considered low risk because they require physical access to the machine.  However, since setuid-root installations of Apptainer by default allow all users to mount any extfs (specifically, ext3, which is implemented by the ext4 driver) and squashfs filesystem using kernel drivers even though the users have write access to the raw data, the setuid-root installations raise the severity of such unpatched CVEs.  \n\nCVE-2022-1184 is currently such an unpatched CVE, at least on the above listed operating systems.  The descriptions from the operating system vendors about the CVE (referenced below) are incomplete, saying only that it allows a local attacker with user privilege to cause a denial of service.  Normally users would not be able to cause it because they cannot modify the filesystem image, and normally vulnerabilities that involve kernel memory corruption by unprivileged users are considered high severity even when there is not yet a known privilege escalation because someone with sufficient kernel knowledge can usually turn such a corruption into a privilege escalation. \n\nRed Hat did not list RHEL7 as vulnerable, but they also did not list it as unaffected, and testing confirmed that a filesystem image could be corrupted to get past the check inserted into the filesystem driver to fix the vulnerability (patches linked below).\n\nAll published squashfs CVEs have been patched in currently supported major operating systems.\n\n### Patches\nApptainer 1.1.8 includes a patch that by default disables mounting of extfs filesystem types in setuid-root mode, while continuing to allow mounting of extfs filesystems in non-setuid \"rootless\" mode using fuse2fs.\n\n### Workarounds\nThese workarounds are possible:\n1. Either do not install apptainer-suid (for versions 1.1.0 through 1.1.7) or set `allow setuid = no` in apptainer.conf.  This requires having unprivileged user namespaces enabled and except for apptainer 1.1.x versions will disallow mounting of sif files, extfs files, and squashfs files in addition to other, less significant impacts.  (Encrypted sif files are also not supported unprivileged in apptainer 1.1.x.)\n2. Alternatively, use the `limit containers` options in apptainer.conf/singularity.conf to limit sif files to trusted users, groups, and/or paths.  (The option `allow container extfs = no` disallows mounting extfs overlay files but does not disallow mounting of extfs overlay partitions inside SIF files, so it does not help work around the problem.)\n\n### References\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-1184\nhttps://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2022-1184\nhttps://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2022-1184\nhttps://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2022-1184\nKernel patches for CVE-2022-1184:\nhttps://github.com/torvalds/linux/commit/65f8ea4cd57dbd46ea13b41dc8bac03176b04233\nhttps://github.com/torvalds/linux/commit/61a1d87a324ad5e3ed27c6699dfc93218fcf3201\n\n------\n\n## Addendum 30 May 2023\n\nNew information has become available: many ext4 filesytem vulnerabilities similar to the one in CVE-2022-1184 continue to be found, and most of them do not ever have a CVE assigned.  The way to locate them is to search for \"syzbot\" in linux kernel commit messages under fs/ext4.  \"syzbot\" is a public automated system for finding kernel bugs.  Especially when syzbot reports are labeled \"KASAN\" (Kernel Address Sanitizer) and especially if they involve memory corruption including \"use after free\", \"out of bounds\", or \"user-memory-access\", they are vulnerabilities that can potentially be turned into privilege escalation when an unprivileged user has write access to the underlying data.\n\nIn particular there are two such commits from this month, May 2023, referenced below.  They both have commit messages describing a situation of write access to the underlying data while the kernel has that data mounted as a filesystem.  These commits have been backported to currently maintained kernel lines in versions 4.19.293 and 5.4.243, but since they are considered moderate severity, most common OS distributions do not include them immediately.  For example since RHEL9.2 was recently announced, they are not likely to be available in RHEL9 until 9.3 is released in about another 6 months.  Therefore if system administrators want to be protected against these vulnerabilities while still allowing ext4 filesystem mounts through setuid-root apptainer, they should watch for these types of commits and whenever such commits are released the administrators should update to the latest currently maintained kernel version (bypassing their OS vendor\u0027s distribution) and reboot.\n\nhttps://github.com/torvalds/linux/commit/2220eaf90992c11d888fe771055d4de3303\nhttps://github.com/torvalds/linux/commit/4f04351888a83e595571de672e0a4a8b74f\nhttps://lwn.net/Articles/932137/\nhttps://lwn.net/Articles/932136/",
  "id": "GHSA-j4rf-7357-f4cg",
  "modified": "2023-07-07T23:16:31Z",
  "published": "2023-04-25T19:48:35Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/apptainer/apptainer/security/advisories/GHSA-j4rf-7357-f4cg"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-1184"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-30549"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/apptainer/apptainer/commit/5a4964f5ba9c8d89a0e353b97f51fd607670a9f7"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/torvalds/linux/commit/2220eaf90992c11d888fe771055d4de3303"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/torvalds/linux/commit/4f04351888a83e595571de672e0a4a8b74f"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/torvalds/linux/commit/61a1d87a324ad5e3ed27c6699dfc93218fcf3201"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/torvalds/linux/commit/65f8ea4cd57dbd46ea13b41dc8bac03176b04233"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2022-1184.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2022-1184"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://sylabs.io/2023/04/response-to-cve-2023-30549"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202311-13"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2022-1184"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lwn.net/Articles/932137"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lwn.net/Articles/932136"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/apptainer/apptainer/releases/tag/v1.1.8"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/apptainer/apptainer"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2022-1184"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Unpatched extfs vulnerabilities are exploitable through suid-mode Apptainer"
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-95356"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-416"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-09-29T18:17:28Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Use after free in WindowDialog in Google Chrome prior to 154.0.8037.57 allowed a remote attacker leveraging social engineering to potentially execute arbitrary code outside the sandbox via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Critical)",
  "id": "GHSA-j4rq-37m4-w856",
  "modified": "2026-09-29T21:33:22Z",
  "published": "2026-09-29T18:32:10Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-95356"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/09/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_0856730748.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/560439699"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-32929"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-416"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-06-13T21:15:56Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In gpu_slc_get_region of pixel_gpu_slc.c, there is a possible EoP due to a use after free. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.",
  "id": "GHSA-j4rv-c6x5-m7c5",
  "modified": "2024-07-03T18:45:13Z",
  "published": "2024-06-13T21:30:55Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-32929"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/pixel/2024-05-01"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-9895"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-416"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-10-16T17:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "A use after free issue was addressed with improved memory management. This issue is fixed in iOS 13.6 and iPadOS 13.6, tvOS 13.4.8, watchOS 6.2.8, Safari 13.1.2, iTunes 12.10.8 for Windows, iCloud for Windows 11.3, iCloud for Windows 7.20. A remote attacker may be able to cause unexpected application termination or arbitrary code execution.",
  "id": "GHSA-j4v5-6jrm-p9fx",
  "modified": "2023-01-09T18:30:25Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:31:06Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-9895"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/HT211288"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/HT211290"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/HT211291"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/HT211292"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/HT211293"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/HT211294"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/HT211295"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}