{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-72685"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-407"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-08-13T20:17:29Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A flaw in Elasticsearch allows a low-privileged authenticated user who can index documents to submit a single small document containing a crafted user-supplied input. Processing one such document occupies a worker thread from a bounded pool for a disproportionate amount of time, degrading the availability of indexing operations on the affected node.",
  "id": "GHSA-5mjq-6xvh-rmv2",
  "modified": "2026-08-13T21:36:11Z",
  "published": "2026-08-13T21:36:11Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-72685"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://discuss.elastic.co/t/elasticsearch-8-19-20-9-4-5-security-update-esa-2026-77/389500"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "js-yaml"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "4.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.3.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "js-yaml"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "3.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.15.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-407"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-08-06T20:27:32Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "# Quadratic CPU consumption in `!!omap` resolution (js-yaml 3.x and 4.x)\n\n## Summary\n\n`resolveYamlOmap()` enforces key uniqueness for `!!omap` sequences with a linear\nscan (`objectKeys.indexOf(...)`) inside the per-element loop, making resolution\n**O(n\u00b2)** in the number of entries. A modestly sized YAML document therefore\nconsumes disproportionate CPU inside `yaml.load()`, giving a denial of service\nagainst any consumer that parses untrusted YAML.\n\n`!!omap` is registered in the **default schema**\n(`lib/schema/default.js` \u2192 `require(\u0027../type/omap\u0027)`), so a plain\n`yaml.load(untrustedInput)` with no options is affected \u2014 no custom schema or\nnon-default configuration is required.\n\n**This is the same weakness as CVE-2026-59870 / GHSA-724g-mxrg-4qvm**, which was\nfixed in the 5.x line in 5.2.1. That fix was never backported: both currently\nmaintained legacy lines still carry the original implementation.\n\n## Affected versions\n\n| Line | Latest tested | Status |\n|---|---|---|\n| 3.x | **3.15.0** | Affected \u2014 `objectKeys.indexOf(pairKey)` at `lib/type/omap.js:29` |\n| 4.x | **4.3.0** | Affected \u2014 `objectKeys.indexOf(pairKey)` at `lib/type/omap.js:30` |\n| 5.x | 5.2.2 | **Not affected** \u2014 fixed in 5.2.1 (uses a `Set`) |\n\nBoth figures are the newest release of each line at the time of writing, so\nthis is not a \"you are on an old version\" issue.\n\n## Details\n\n`lib/type/omap.js` (js-yaml 4.3.0):\n\n```js\nif (objectKeys.indexOf(pairKey) === -1) objectKeys.push(pairKey)\nelse return false\n```\n\n`objectKeys` grows by one element per entry, and `Array.prototype.indexOf` is a\nlinear scan, so resolving an `n`-entry `!!omap` performs roughly\n`1 + 2 + \u2026 + n` comparisons \u2014 quadratic in `n`. The work happens synchronously\ninside `yaml.load()`, blocking the event loop for its whole duration.\n\nThe 5.x line already solves exactly this by tracking seen keys in a `Set`\n(`src/tag/sequence/omap.ts`):\n\n```ts\nif (carrier.seen.has(key)) return \u0027duplicate key in ordered map\u0027\ncarrier.seen.add(key)\n```\n\n## Proof of concept\n\n```js\n// poc.js  \u2014  node poc.js\nconst yaml = require(\u0027js-yaml\u0027);\nconst doc = n =\u003e \u0027!!omap\\n\u0027 + Array.from({length: n}, (_, i) =\u003e `- k${i}: ${i}`).join(\u0027\\n\u0027) + \u0027\\n\u0027;\n\nfor (const n of [10000, 20000, 40000, 80000]) {\n  const d = doc(n), t = Date.now();\n  yaml.load(d);                      // default schema, no options\n  console.log(`n=${n} bytes=${d.length} load=${Date.now() - t}ms`);\n}\n```\n\n### Measured (node v20.20.2, default heap, no flags)\n\n**js-yaml 4.3.0**\n\n```\nn=10000  bytes=137787   load=54ms\nn=20000  bytes=297787   load=169ms\nn=40000  bytes=617787   load=646ms\nn=80000  bytes=1257787  load=2607ms\n```\n\n**js-yaml 3.15.0**\n\n```\nn=10000  bytes=137787   load=53ms\nn=20000  bytes=297787   load=166ms\nn=40000  bytes=617787   load=641ms\nn=80000  bytes=1257787  load=2567ms\n```\n\nRuntime grows by a factor of ~4 for each doubling of `n`, which is the\nsignature of O(n\u00b2) (linear growth would be ~2\u00d7).\n\nScaling further: a **2.48 MB** document with 150,000 entries blocked\n`yaml.load()` for **10.8 seconds**.\n\n## Impact\n\nAny service that parses attacker-influenced YAML with js-yaml 3.x or 4.x can be\nstalled with a small input. Because the loop is synchronous, a single request\nblocks the Node.js event loop and stalls every other request in the process \u2014\nso the amplification is per-process, not just per-request.\n\nSuggested severity: consistent with **CVE-2026-59870** (the same weakness in\n5.x), i.e. Availability-only impact, network attack vector, no privileges or\nuser interaction required.\n\n## Suggested fix\n\nMirror the 5.x fix \u2014 replace the linear scan with a `Set`:\n\n```js\n// lib/type/omap.js\nconst seen = new Set()\n// ...\nif (seen.has(pairKey)) return false\nseen.add(pairKey)\n```\n\nThis preserves the existing duplicate-key rejection semantics exactly while\nmaking resolution O(n). A `maxOmapLength`-style cap would also work, but the\n`Set` matches what 5.x already ships and requires no new option.\n\n## References\n\n- CVE-2026-59870 / GHSA-724g-mxrg-4qvm \u2014 same weakness in 5.0.0\u20135.2.0, fixed in 5.2.1\n- `lib/type/omap.js` (3.x, 4.x) \u2014 the affected resolver\n- `lib/schema/default.js` \u2014 registers `!!omap` in the default schema\n\n## Discovery\n\nFound by an automated static-analysis and executed-proof-of-concept scanner run\nagainst js-yaml 4.2.0, then manually verified against 3.15.0 and 4.3.0 by\nexecuting the proof of concept above. All timings in this report were measured\non the **current** releases of each line, not on the version originally scanned.",
  "id": "GHSA-5p4m-2wfm-xmqj",
  "modified": "2026-08-06T20:27:32Z",
  "published": "2026-08-06T20:27:32Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/nodeca/js-yaml/security/advisories/GHSA-5p4m-2wfm-xmqj"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/nodeca/js-yaml"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "JS-YAML: Quadratic CPU consumption in !!omap resolution (3.x and 4.x) \u2014 CVE-2026-59870 fix not backported"
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-42772"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-407"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-09-29T16:17:07Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Issue summary: The QUIC stream reassembly algorithm performance deteriorates\nprogressively as packets are arriving out of order. The worst case has\na quadratic complexity proportional to the number of stream frames kept in\nthe buffer for the received stream data.\n\nImpact summary: A remote QUIC peer that completes the handshake can create\na connection-scoped CPU pressure and potentially a Denial of Service using\ncompliant STREAM frames inside the advertised receive window, with low\nattacker bandwidth.\n\nCWE: CWE-407: Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity\n\nDescription: OpenSSL manages received QUIC stream fragments using a\ndoubly-linked list. While it optimizes for append operations (at the end of\nthe list), it falls back to a head-to-tail linear search for any fragment\nthat does not immediately follow the current `tail`.\n\nBy manipulating the sequence of offsets, an attacker can force the server\nto perform O(n^2) operations, consuming excessive CPU time for the\nQUIC process.\n\nFIPS impact: no\nThe FIPS module is not affected as the QUIC implementation is outside of\nthe OpenSSL FIPS module boundary.",
  "id": "GHSA-5r49-x3jp-qp9h",
  "modified": "2026-09-30T21:31:58Z",
  "published": "2026-09-29T18:31:44Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-42772"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openssl/openssl/commit/32d0ed8afe1b8c3e7ece725b44663da3d7087a09"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openssl/openssl/commit/ca8402e273af4de5b3f04fa61a0f0c02ce3ae20e"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openssl/openssl/commit/eb2becc0a4baea7f3050a247834d0e5c2ebe1773"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openssl/openssl/commit/f42ae513bbda513b3c121d54834040ee4a0eae1a"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://openssl-library.org/news/secadv/20260929.txt"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "python-multipart"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.0.30"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-53539"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400",
      "CWE-407"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-06-15T20:24:09Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\n\nWhen parsing `application/x-www-form-urlencoded` bodies, `QuerystringParser` located the field separator with a two step lookup: it first scanned the entire remaining buffer for `\u0026`, and only when no `\u0026` existed anywhere ahead did it fall back to scanning for `;`. For a body that uses `;` as the separator and contains no `\u0026`, every field iteration performed a full failed `\u0026` scan over the entire remaining buffer before locating the nearby `;`. With N semicolon separated fields in a chunk of size B, this yields O(B^2) byte comparisons per chunk.\n\nAn attacker can submit a small crafted body of the form `a;a;a;...` and cause the parser to spend seconds of CPU per request. A handful of concurrent requests can exhaust worker processes.\n\n### Details\n\nIn `python_multipart/multipart.py`, both the `FIELD_NAME` and `FIELD_DATA` states located the next separator like this:\n\n```python\nsep_pos = data.find(b\"\u0026\", i)\nif sep_pos == -1:\n    sep_pos = data.find(b\";\", i)\n```\n\n`data.find(b\"\u0026\", i)` scans from `i` to the end of the buffer and returns `-1` only when there is no `\u0026` anywhere in the remainder. For a `;` separated body with no `\u0026`, this failed full buffer scan repeats once per field, making parsing quadratic in the body length.\n\nFor example, a 1 MiB url encoded body consisting of `a;` repeated ~500,000 times, submitted with `Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded`, causes the parser to perform on the order of 10^11 byte comparisons, consuming several seconds of CPU for a single request. Cost scales quadratically with chunk size.\n\nThe parser is reachable through the public `QuerystringParser` class and through the high level `FormParser`, `create_form_parser`, and `parse_form` APIs for url encoded bodies. It is also the parser Starlette and FastAPI use for `application/x-www-form-urlencoded` request bodies via `request.form()`.\n\n### Impact\n\nUncontrolled CPU consumption (denial of service). Parsing is synchronous, so a single small crafted form body occupies the handling worker for seconds, blocking any other work on that worker until parsing finishes. Sustained concurrent requests keep workers continuously busy, degrading or denying service.\n\n### Mitigation\n\nUpgrade to `python-multipart` `0.0.30` or later, which treats only `\u0026` as a field separator (per the [WHATWG URL standard](https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#urlencoded-parsing)) using a single bounded scan, making parsing linear in the body length.",
  "id": "GHSA-5rvq-cxj2-64vf",
  "modified": "2026-06-15T20:24:09Z",
  "published": "2026-06-15T20:24:09Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Kludex/python-multipart/security/advisories/GHSA-5rvq-cxj2-64vf"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/Kludex/python-multipart"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "python-multipart: Quadratic-time querystring parsing with semicolon separators causes CPU denial of service"
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-96287"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-407"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-10-02T13:18:05Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity vulnerability in Apache Thrift Perl bindings.\n\n\n\nThis issue affects Apache Thrift: before 0.25.0.\n\n\n\nUsers are recommended to upgrade to version 0.25.0, which fixes the issue.",
  "id": "GHSA-62v6-pgch-6j48",
  "modified": "2026-10-02T15:31:25Z",
  "published": "2026-10-02T15:31:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-96287"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/33otcgbqd27wf6qq810q56znzbomnhg1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/tcg16jr59z5nry066dw7ym60vl25dxt9"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-44390"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1050",
      "CWE-407"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-20T10:16:28Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "NLnet Labs Unbound up to and including version 1.25.0 has a vulnerability when handling replies with very large RRsets that Unbound needs to perform name compression for. Malicious upstream responses with very large RRsets with records that don\u0027t share a suffix above the root can cause Unbound to spend a considerable time applying name compression to downstream replies. This can lead to degraded performance and eventually denial of service in well orchestrated attacks. An adversary can exploit the vulnerability by querying Unbound for the specially crafted contents of a malicious zone with very large RRsets. Before Unbound replies to the query it will try to apply name compression which was an unbounded operation that could lock the CPU until the whole packet was complete. A compression limit was introduced in 1.21.1 for this but it didn\u0027t account for the case where records would not share any suffix above the root. That causes Unbound to go in a different code path because of the compression tree lookup failure and eventually not increment the compression counter for those operations. Unbound 1.25.1 contains a patch with a fix that increments the compression counter regardless of the compression tree lookup. This is a complement fix to CVE-2024-8508.",
  "id": "GHSA-6522-r5fq-99gw",
  "modified": "2026-07-29T15:30:48Z",
  "published": "2026-05-20T12:30:37Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-44390"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:24013"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:36320"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:36777"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:37282"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-44390"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2480130"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-44390.json"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.nlnetlabs.nl/downloads/unbound/CVE-2026-44390.txt"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:Amber",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-87081"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-407"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-09-22T08:16:40Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Net::IDN::UTS46 versions before 2.590 for Perl allow CPU exhaustion via quadratic punycode encoding of an overlong label before the length check in to_ascii.\n\nto_ascii punycode encodes each label and only then applies the 63-byte DNS limit. encode_punycode in both backends follows the sample implementation in RFC 3492, whose outer loop runs once per distinct non-ASCII code point and scans the whole input each round, so a label of distinct non-ASCII characters costs the square of its length before the limit rejects it. Every ASCII conversion in the distribution, including domain_to_ascii and email_to_ascii, goes through to_ascii.",
  "id": "GHSA-653x-rhrr-h9h8",
  "modified": "2026-09-22T18:33:28Z",
  "published": "2026-09-22T09:31:13Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-87081"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/robrwo/Net-IDN-Encode/commit/5ac3315131264670efcd3a29857b651506dfee8e.patch"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/robrwo/Net-IDN-Encode/commit/ea34f812d7dc67f3b211f4d92e74c6a7e24d764a.patch"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://metacpan.org/release/PJCJ/Net-IDN-Encode-2.590-TRIAL/changes"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/09/22/16"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-68750"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-407"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-08-06T16:16:51Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity vulnerability in the traversal engine in rrrene html_sanitize_ex allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to exhaust server CPU and memory via a flat run of sibling elements in sanitized HTML. The list clause of HtmlSanitizeEx.Traverser.traverse/2 recurses on the tail of a sibling list and then evaluates List.flatten([head] ++ tail) over the already flattened result, so every one of n siblings copies and re-walks the entire remaining tail. The flattening is only needed for the rare case where scrub returns several replacement nodes for one node, but the cost is paid across the whole tail at every step, making traversal quadratic in sibling count.\n\nThe traverser sits on every public entry point, so no particular scrubber or configuration is required and the payload needs only allowed tags. A 160 KB body of 20,000 sibling elements occupies a scheduler for roughly 1.7 seconds, and the cost grows faster than the body does.\n\nThis issue affects html_sanitize_ex: from 0.3.1 before 1.5.3.",
  "id": "GHSA-684p-mhw3-3cwq",
  "modified": "2026-08-19T12:32:22Z",
  "published": "2026-08-06T18:30:50Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rrrene/html_sanitize_ex/security/advisories/GHSA-463q-p2fr-mh9p"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-68750"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rrrene/html_sanitize_ex/commit/507a6fb95dd4c466cac8a8355d8989043e9fbcc1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rrrene/html_sanitize_ex/commit/9f5ccedbed230930813f992a1e6906fcf485981e"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-68750.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-68750"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 15.31.4"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "webonyx/graphql-php"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "15.31.5"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-40476"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-407"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-04-14T01:05:05Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-17T22:16:33Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The `OverlappingFieldsCanBeMerged` validation rule exhibits quadratic time complexity when processing queries with many repeated fields sharing the same response name. An attacker can send a crafted query like `{ hello hello hello ... }` with thousands of repeated fields, causing excessive CPU usage during validation before execution begins.\n\nThis is not mitigated by existing QueryDepth or QueryComplexity rules.\n\n**Observed impact (tested on v15.31.4):**\n- 1000 fields: ~0.6s\n- 2000 fields: ~2.4s\n- 3000 fields: ~5.3s\n- 5000 fields: request timeout (\u003e20s)\n\n**Root cause:** `collectConflictsWithin()` performs O(n\u00b2) pairwise comparisons of all fields with the same response name. For identical repeated fields, every comparison returns \"no conflict\" but the quadratic iteration count causes resource exhaustion.\n\n**Fix:** Deduplicate structurally identical fields before pairwise comparison, reducing the complexity from O(n\u00b2) to O(u\u00b2) where u is the number of unique field signatures (typically 1 for this attack pattern).\n\n**Credit:** Ashwak N (ashwakn04@gmail.com)",
  "id": "GHSA-68jq-c3rv-pcrr",
  "modified": "2026-06-08T23:09:48Z",
  "published": "2026-04-14T01:05:05Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/webonyx/graphql-php/security/advisories/GHSA-68jq-c3rv-pcrr"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-40476"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/webonyx/graphql-php"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/webonyx/graphql-php/releases/tag/v15.31.5"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "graphql-php is affected by a Denial of Service via quadratic complexity in OverlappingFieldsCanBeMerged validation"
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-86349"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-407"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-09-14T14:17:15Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Mattermost versions 11.9.x \u003c= 11.9.0, 11.8.x \u003c= 11.8.4, 11.7.x \u003c= 11.7.8, 10.11.x \u003c= 10.11.22 fail to limit the nesting depth in the server-side Markdown parser which allows an authenticated attacker to cause a denial of service (CPU resource exhaustion) via a crafted post containing deeply nested blockquotes or list items.. Mattermost Advisory ID: MMSA-2026-00707",
  "id": "GHSA-6mc8-c94m-mjg8",
  "modified": "2026-09-14T15:32:46Z",
  "published": "2026-09-14T15:32:46Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-86349"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://mattermost.com/security-updates"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}