Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-407
Allowed-with-ReviewInefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete
An algorithm in a product has an inefficient worst-case computational complexity that may be detrimental to system performance and can be triggered by an attacker, typically using crafted manipulations that ensure that the worst case is being reached.
379 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-54284 (GCVE-0-2026-54284)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-17 17:43 – Updated: 2026-08-17 19:32
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
sqlparse: TokenList.__init__ materializes O(subtree) value per group, causing CPU DoS before depth/token caps trigger
Summary
sqlparse is a non-validating SQL parser module for Python. Prior to 0.6.0, TokenList construction and string conversion in sqlparse/sql.py repeatedly flatten nested token subtrees constructed by group_parenthesis and group_case, causing quadratic CPU consumption through sqlparse.parse(), sqlparse.format(), and sqlparse.split() before depth and token limits terminate processing. This issue is fixed in version 0.6.0.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-17 19:31 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/andialbrecht/sqlparse/security… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/andialbrecht/sqlparse/commit/9… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| andialbrecht | sqlparse |
Affected:
< 0.6.0
|
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CVE-2026-53550 (GCVE-0-2026-53550)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-22 14:59 – Updated: 2026-06-29 15:06
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
js-yaml: Quadratic-complexity DoS in merge key handling via repeated aliases
Summary
js-yaml is a JavaScript YAML parser and dumper. Prior to 4.2.0 and 3.15.0, a crafted YAML document can trigger algorithmic CPU exhaustion in js-yaml merge-key processing (<<) by repeating the same alias many times in a merge sequence. This causes quadratic parse-time behavior relative to input size and can block a Node.js worker/event loop for seconds with a relatively small payload (tens of KB), resulting in denial of service. The issue is in merge handling inside lib/loader.js. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.2.0 and 3.15.0.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-23 16:05 UTC
CWE
- CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/nodeca/js-yaml/security/adviso… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-53539 (GCVE-0-2026-53539)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-22 16:55 – Updated: 2026-06-23 16:08
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Python-Multipart: Quadratic-time querystring parsing with semicolon separators causes CPU denial of service
Summary
Python-Multipart is a streaming multipart parser for Python. Prior to 0.0.30, when parsing application/x-www-form-urlencoded bodies, QuerystringParser located the field separator with a two step lookup: it first scanned the entire remaining buffer for &, and only when no & existed anywhere ahead did it fall back to scanning for ;. For a body that uses ; as the separator and contains no &, every field iteration performed a full failed & scan over the entire remaining buffer before locating the nearby ;. With N semicolon separated fields in a chunk of size B, this yields O(B^2) byte comparisons per chunk. An attacker can submit a small crafted body of the form a;a;a;... and cause the parser to spend seconds of CPU per request. A handful of concurrent requests can exhaust worker processes. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.0.30.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-23 14:05 UTC
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/Kludex/python-multipart/securi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kludex | python-multipart |
Affected:
< 0.0.30
|
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CVE-2026-53433 (GCVE-0-2026-53433)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-30 12:01 – Updated: 2026-06-30 13:32 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Denial of Service in fzf
Summary
fzf is vulnerable to a Denial of Service (DoS) due to inefficient HTTP body processing in the --listen mode due to inefficient HTTP body processing using repeated string concatenation, resulting in quadratic time complexity (O(n²)). A crafted POST request with many small segments can trigger excessive CPU usage during request handling.This allows a single malicious request to monopolize the single‑threaded HTTP server, blocking all other clients and resulting in denial of service.
This issue was fixed in version 0.73.1.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-30 13:32 UTC
CWE
- CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://cert.pl/en/posts/2026/06/CVE-2026-53432 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/junegunn/fzf | product |
| https://github.com/junegunn/fzf/commit/7963a2c658… | issue-tracking |
Date Public
2026-06-30 12:01
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CVE-2026-49851 (GCVE-0-2026-49851)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-24 17:05 – Updated: 2026-08-28 12:04
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Mistune: Potential DoS via quadratic-time parsing in parse_link_text
Summary
Mistune is a Python Markdown parser with renderers and plugins. Prior to 3.3.0, Mistune is vulnerable to a CPU exhaustion DoS due to superlinear (approximately O(n²)) behavior in parse_link_text. When parsing Markdown containing many consecutive [ characters, parse_link_text repeatedly scans the input using a regex search inside a loop. Each iteration re-scans a large portion of the remaining string, resulting in quadratic-time behavior. An attacker-controlled Markdown input can therefore trigger excessive CPU usage with a very small payload. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.3.0.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-25 19:55 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/lepture/mistune/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-49851 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2492304 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/v… | x_sadp-csaf-vex |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:60520 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
Impacted products
23 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| lepture | mistune |
Affected:
< 3.3.0
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 |
Unaffected:
1787073866 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.4::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 |
Unaffected:
1787073936 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.4::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 |
Unaffected:
1787073873 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.4::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 |
Unaffected:
1787073459 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.4::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 |
Unaffected:
1787073611 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.4::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 |
Unaffected:
1787073451 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.4::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 |
Unaffected:
1787076778 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.4::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 |
Unaffected:
1787077779 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.4::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 |
Unaffected:
1787076481 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.4::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 |
Unaffected:
1787074331 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.4::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 |
Unaffected:
1787073913 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.4::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 |
Unaffected:
1787074078 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.4::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 |
Unaffected:
1787073929 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.4::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 |
Unaffected:
1787073605 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.4::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 |
Unaffected:
1787073546 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.4::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 |
Unaffected:
1787073717 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.4::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 |
Unaffected:
1787073713 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.4::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 |
Unaffected:
1787073593 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.4::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Migration Toolkit for Applications 8 |
cpe:/a:redhat:migration_toolkit_applications:8
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI) |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Satellite 6 |
cpe:/a:redhat:satellite:6
|
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"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.4::el9"
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"defaultStatus": "affected",
"packageName": "rhoai/odh-pipeline-runtime-tensorflow-rocm-py312-rhel9",
"product": "Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4",
"vendor": "Red Hat",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "1787073451",
"versionType": "rpm"
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]
},
{
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"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.4::el9"
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"defaultStatus": "affected",
"packageName": "rhoai/odh-th06-cpu-torch210-py312-rhel9",
"product": "Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4",
"vendor": "Red Hat",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "1787076778",
"versionType": "rpm"
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"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.4::el9"
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"cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.4::el9"
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"product": "Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4",
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"version": "1787076481",
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"product": "Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4",
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CVE-2026-49460 (GCVE-0-2026-49460)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-22 20:28 – Updated: 2026-06-23 15:54
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
pypdf: Inefficient decoding of FlateDecode PNG predictor streams
Summary
pypdf is a free and open-source pure-python PDF library. Prior to 6.12.2, an attacker who uses this vulnerability can craft a PDF which leads to long runtimes. This requires accessing a stream which uses the /FlateDecode filter with a PNG predictor. This vulnerability is fixed in 6.12.2.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-23 14:04 UTC
CWE
- CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/py-pdf/pypdf/security/advisori… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/py-pdf/pypdf/pull/3806 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/py-pdf/pypdf/releases/tag/6.12.2 | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-49329 (GCVE-0-2026-49329)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-01 15:30 – Updated: 2026-10-07 14:12
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Openshift/oauth-server: openshift/oauth-server: quadratic-time dos via accept-language header underscore bypass on unauthenticated login endpoints
Summary
A flaw was found in openshift/oauth-server. The OAuth login and error page endpoints pass the unauthenticated Accept-Language header to golang.org/x/text/language.ParseAcceptLanguage() without input validation. A bypass of the CVE-2022-32149 mitigation exists: the upstream guard counts only '-' characters but the internal BCP 47 scanner aliases '_' to '-' after the guard check. An unauthenticated attacker can send a crafted Accept-Language header using '_' separators to trigger quadratic-time parsing, consuming excessive CPU and denying authentication to all cluster users.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-01 17:05 UTC
CWE
- CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:74380 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:74383 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:74429 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:74434 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-49329 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2483248 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
Impacted products
5 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.19 |
Unaffected:
1790611633 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.19::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.20 |
Unaffected:
1790702087 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.20::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.21 |
Unaffected:
1790707106 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.21::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.22 |
Unaffected:
1790713150 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.22::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4
|
Date Public
2026-08-31 20:00
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CVE-2026-49293 (GCVE-0-2026-49293)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-19 18:14 – Updated: 2026-06-22 14:10
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
CPU exhaustion via O(n^2) BigInt construction on radix-prefixed integer literals
Summary
js-toml is a TOML parser for JavaScript, fully compliant with the TOML 1.0.0 Spec. Versions up to and including 1.1.0 parse hexadecimal / octal / binary integer literals via a hand-written `parseBigInt` loop that multiplies a `BigInt` accumulator by the radix once per input digit. Each iteration performs a `BigInt * BigInt` operation on an accumulator that grows linearly with the number of digits already consumed, so the whole loop is O(n²) in the literal length. The lexer regex places no upper bound on the literal length, so a single TOML document containing one ~500 kB hex literal pins one CPU core for ~40 seconds on a modern laptop (Apple M-series, Node v22). Memory amplification is bounded but CPU amplification is severe and grows quadratically: doubling the literal length quadruples the work. A caller that invokes `load()` on attacker-controlled TOML (configuration upload endpoints, CI/CD systems ingesting third-party `*.toml`, IDE plugins, build tools) is exposed to a single-request CPU exhaustion DoS. Version 1.1.1 fixes the issue.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-22 14:09 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/sunnyadn/js-toml/security/advi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/sunnyadn/js-toml/commit/1abcb3… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/sunnyadn/js-toml/releases/tag/v1.1.1 | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-49250 (GCVE-0-2026-49250)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-14 17:14 – Updated: 2026-09-14 19:01
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Conform: parseSubmission vulnerable to CPU exhaustion when parsing many unique form fields
Summary
Conform, a type-safe form validation library, allows the parsing of nested objects in the form of object.property. From 1.8.0 until 1.19.4, the parseSubmission future API in packages/conform-dom/formdata.ts repeatedly scans FormData or URLSearchParams entries by each unique field name. An unauthenticated attacker can submit a crafted form containing many unique names, causing excessive synchronous CPU work and denial of service in an application that passes the submission to parseSubmission. Applications should continue to enforce request parsing limits before invoking Conform. This issue is fixed in version 1.19.4.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-14 19:01 UTC
CWE
- CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/edmundhung/conform/security/ad… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/edmundhung/conform/commit/f9a1… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/edmundhung/conform/releases/ta… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| edmundhung | conform |
Affected:
>= 1.8.0, < 1.19.4
|
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CVE-2026-48959 (GCVE-0-2026-48959)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-27 02:29 – Updated: 2026-05-29 15:50
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
IO::Uncompress::Unzip versions before 2.220 for Perl allow CPU exhaustion via per-byte read loop in fastForward
Summary
IO::Uncompress::Unzip versions before 2.220 for Perl allow CPU exhaustion via per-byte read loop in fastForward.
fastForward() compares length $offset (the digit count of the offset, 1 to 19) against the chunk size $c instead of $offset itself, so $c shrinks from 16 KiB to 1-19 bytes per iteration.
Extracting a named entry from an attacker supplied zip via IO::Uncompress::Unzip->new($zip, Name => $target) drives a per-byte read loop scaling with the entry's compressed size, up to the non-Zip64 4 GiB cap.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-29 15:50 UTC
CWE
- CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Assigner
References
3 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| PMQS | IO::Uncompress::Unzip |
Affected:
0 , < 2.220
(custom)
|
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No mitigation information available for this CWE.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.