CWE-400
DiscouragedUncontrolled Resource Consumption
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource.
6465 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-VXPW-J846-P89Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-19 14:22 – Updated: 2026-06-19 14:22Impact
The undici WebSocket client enforces maxPayloadSize on the cumulative byte count of fragments in a message but does not enforce a limit on the number of fragments. A malicious WebSocket server can stream many small or empty continuation frames that each pass per-frame and cumulative-size validation, collectively causing unbounded memory growth in the client process. The result is memory exhaustion and a denial of service.
Affected applications are those using the undici WebSocket client (new WebSocket(...)) or the WebSocketStream API that can be induced to connect to an attacker-controlled or compromised WebSocket endpoint.
All releases starting at undici 6.17.0 are affected.
Patches
Upgrade to undici v6.27.0, v7.28.0 or v8.5.0.
Workarounds
No workaround is available. The fix must be applied through an upgrade.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "undici"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "6.27.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "undici"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "7.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "7.28.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "undici"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "8.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "8.5.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-12151"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400",
"CWE-770"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-06-19T14:22:01Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-17T17:16:42Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "## Impact\n\nThe undici WebSocket client enforces `maxPayloadSize` on the cumulative byte count of fragments in a message but does not enforce a limit on the number of fragments. A malicious WebSocket server can stream many small or empty continuation frames that each pass per-frame and cumulative-size validation, collectively causing unbounded memory growth in the client process. The result is memory exhaustion and a denial of service.\n\nAffected applications are those using the undici WebSocket client (`new WebSocket(...)`) or the `WebSocketStream` API that can be induced to connect to an attacker-controlled or compromised WebSocket endpoint.\n\nAll releases starting at undici 6.17.0 are affected.\n\n## Patches\n\nUpgrade to undici v6.27.0, v7.28.0 or v8.5.0.\n\n## Workarounds\n\nNo workaround is available. The fix must be applied through an upgrade.",
"id": "GHSA-vxpw-j846-p89q",
"modified": "2026-06-19T14:22:01Z",
"published": "2026-06-19T14:22:01Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/nodejs/undici/security/advisories/GHSA-vxpw-j846-p89q"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-12151"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cna.openjsf.org/security-advisories.html"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/nodejs/undici"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "undici WebSocket client vulnerable to denial of service via fragment count bypass"
}
GHSA-VXVM-35WP-PPW8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-09-20 00:00 – Updated: 2022-09-22 00:00A denial-of-service issue was discovered in MediaWiki 1.37.x before 1.37.2. Rendering of w/index.php?title=Special%3AWhatLinksHere&target=Property%3AP31&namespace=1&invert=1 can take more than thirty seconds. There is a DDoS risk.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-28204"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-09-19T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A denial-of-service issue was discovered in MediaWiki 1.37.x before 1.37.2. Rendering of w/index.php?title=Special%3AWhatLinksHere\u0026target=Property%3AP31\u0026namespace=1\u0026invert=1 can take more than thirty seconds. There is a DDoS risk.",
"id": "GHSA-vxvm-35wp-ppw8",
"modified": "2022-09-22T00:00:26Z",
"published": "2022-09-20T00:00:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-28204"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T297754"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-W22C-QXRR-QV8R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-26 21:30 – Updated: 2026-09-26 21:30Uncontrolled Resource Consumption (CWE-400) in Elasticsearch can lead denial of service via Excessive Allocation (CAPEC-130)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-94399"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-26T21:16:56Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Uncontrolled Resource Consumption (CWE-400) in Elasticsearch can lead denial of service via Excessive Allocation (CAPEC-130)",
"id": "GHSA-w22c-qxrr-qv8r",
"modified": "2026-09-26T21:30:28Z",
"published": "2026-09-26T21:30:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-94399"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://discuss.elastic.co/t/elasticsearch-8-19-22-9-4-7-9-5-4-security-update-esa-2026-180/390684"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-W23G-G2M3-8H4F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-27 21:31 – Updated: 2026-08-18 00:30The issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in iOS 26.6 and iPadOS 26.6, macOS Sequoia 15.7.8, macOS Sonoma 14.8.8, macOS Tahoe 26.6, tvOS 26.6, visionOS 26.6, watchOS 26.6. An attacker on the local network may be able to cause a denial-of-service.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-64724"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-27T21:17:11Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in iOS 26.6 and iPadOS 26.6, macOS Sequoia 15.7.8, macOS Sonoma 14.8.8, macOS Tahoe 26.6, tvOS 26.6, visionOS 26.6, watchOS 26.6. An attacker on the local network may be able to cause a denial-of-service.",
"id": "GHSA-w23g-g2m3-8h4f",
"modified": "2026-08-18T00:30:30Z",
"published": "2026-07-27T21:31:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-64724"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/128066"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/128067"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/128068"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/128069"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/128070"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/128071"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/128072"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/148287"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-W23X-9JRW-R45C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-10-01 15:07 – Updated: 2026-10-01 15:07Impact
An attacker who uses this vulnerability can craft a PDF which leads to large memory consumption. This requires accessing the page labels of a document with large alphabetical labels.
Patches
This has been fixed in pypdf==6.19.0.
Workarounds
If you cannot upgrade yet, consider applying the changes from PR #4096.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "pypdf"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "6.19.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-103000"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-10-01T15:07:08Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-30T21:17:07Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Impact\n\nAn attacker who uses this vulnerability can craft a PDF which leads to large memory consumption. This requires accessing the page labels of a document with large alphabetical labels.\n\n### Patches\n\nThis has been fixed in [pypdf==6.19.0](https://github.com/py-pdf/pypdf/releases/tag/6.19.0).\n\n### Workarounds\n\nIf you cannot upgrade yet, consider applying the changes from PR [#4096](https://github.com/py-pdf/pypdf/pull/4096).",
"id": "GHSA-w23x-9jrw-r45c",
"modified": "2026-10-01T15:07:08Z",
"published": "2026-10-01T15:07:08Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/py-pdf/pypdf/security/advisories/GHSA-w23x-9jrw-r45c"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-103000"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/py-pdf/pypdf/pull/4096"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/py-pdf/pypdf/commit/0d8b5a8832cde1ba308b5c27567b879b7b7eed4a"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/py-pdf/pypdf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/py-pdf/pypdf/releases/tag/6.19.0"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "pypdf: Possible large memory usage when retrieving alphabetical page labels"
}
GHSA-W25H-CF3P-FF5W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-08-05 00:00 – Updated: 2022-08-11 00:00In BIG-IP Versions 16.1.x before 16.1.2.2, 15.1.x before 15.1.6.1, and 14.1.x before 14.1.5, when an HTTP2 profile is configured on a virtual server, undisclosed traffic can cause an increase in memory resource utilization. Note: Software versions which have reached End of Technical Support (EoTS) are not evaluated.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-35236"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-08-04T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In BIG-IP Versions 16.1.x before 16.1.2.2, 15.1.x before 15.1.6.1, and 14.1.x before 14.1.5, when an HTTP2 profile is configured on a virtual server, undisclosed traffic can cause an increase in memory resource utilization. Note: Software versions which have reached End of Technical Support (EoTS) are not evaluated.",
"id": "GHSA-w25h-cf3p-ff5w",
"modified": "2022-08-11T00:00:31Z",
"published": "2022-08-05T00:00:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-35236"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K79933541"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-W26W-XHJ2-CFXJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-13 15:31 – Updated: 2024-11-13 15:31A vulnerability in the PROFINET stack implementation of the IndraDrive (all versions) of Bosch Rexroth allows an attacker to cause a denial of service, rendering the device unresponsive by sending arbitrary UDP messages.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-48989"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400",
"CWE-770"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-11-13T14:15:15Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in the PROFINET stack implementation of the IndraDrive (all versions) of Bosch Rexroth allows an attacker to cause a denial of service, rendering the device unresponsive by sending arbitrary UDP messages.",
"id": "GHSA-w26w-xhj2-cfxj",
"modified": "2024-11-13T15:31:37Z",
"published": "2024-11-13T15:31:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-48989"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://psirt.bosch.com/security-advisories/BOSCH-SA-315415.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-W26X-6WXP-828Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-16 15:33 – Updated: 2026-06-16 18:32Denial-of-service in the Graphics: ImageLib component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 152, Firefox ESR 140.12, and Firefox ESR 115.37.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-12325"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-16T13:16:33Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Denial-of-service in the Graphics: ImageLib component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 152, Firefox ESR 140.12, and Firefox ESR 115.37.",
"id": "GHSA-w26x-6wxp-828q",
"modified": "2026-06-16T18:32:37Z",
"published": "2026-06-16T15:33:50Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-12325"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=2039443"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2026-57"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2026-58"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2026-59"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2026-60"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2026-61"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-W28C-CGXF-W8GV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-19 21:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 06:17DoS of the OkHttp client when using a BrotliInterceptor and surfing to a malicious web server, or when an attacker can perform MitM to inject a Brotli zip-bomb into an HTTP response
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-3782"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-07-19T21:15:10Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "DoS of the OkHttp client when using a BrotliInterceptor and surfing to a malicious web server, or when an attacker can perform MitM to inject a Brotli zip-bomb into an HTTP response\n\n",
"id": "GHSA-w28c-cgxf-w8gv",
"modified": "2024-04-04T06:17:19Z",
"published": "2023-07-19T21:30:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-3782"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/square/okhttp/issues/7738"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://research.jfrog.com/vulnerabilities/okhttp-client-brotli-dos"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-W28R-7QW2-GHQC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-10-09 12:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 08:26Mattermost fails to deduplicate input IDs allowing a simple user to cause the application to consume excessive resources and possibly crash by sending a specially crafted request to /api/v4/users/ids with multiple identical IDs.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-5333"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-10-09T11:15:11Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Mattermost fails to deduplicate input IDs allowing a\u00a0simple user to cause the application to consume excessive resources and possibly crash by sending a specially crafted request to /api/v4/users/ids with multiple identical IDs. \n\n",
"id": "GHSA-w28r-7qw2-ghqc",
"modified": "2024-04-04T08:26:07Z",
"published": "2023-10-09T12:30:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-5333"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://mattermost.com/security-updates"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Design throttling mechanisms into the system architecture. The best protection is to limit the amount of resources that an unauthorized user can cause to be expended. A strong authentication and access control model will help prevent such attacks from occurring in the first place. The login application should be protected against DoS attacks as much as possible. Limiting the database access, perhaps by caching result sets, can help minimize the resources expended. To further limit the potential for a DoS attack, consider tracking the rate of requests received from users and blocking requests that exceed a defined rate threshold.
Mitigation
- Mitigation of resource exhaustion attacks requires that the target system either:
- The first of these solutions is an issue in itself though, since it may allow attackers to prevent the use of the system by a particular valid user. If the attacker impersonates the valid user, they may be able to prevent the user from accessing the server in question.
- The second solution is simply difficult to effectively institute -- and even when properly done, it does not provide a full solution. It simply makes the attack require more resources on the part of the attacker.
- recognizes the attack and denies that user further access for a given amount of time, or
- uniformly throttles all requests in order to make it more difficult to consume resources more quickly than they can again be freed.
Mitigation
Ensure that protocols have specific limits of scale placed on them.
Mitigation
Ensure that all failures in resource allocation place the system into a safe posture.
CAPEC-147: XML Ping of the Death
An attacker initiates a resource depletion attack where a large number of small XML messages are delivered at a sufficiently rapid rate to cause a denial of service or crash of the target. Transactions such as repetitive SOAP transactions can deplete resources faster than a simple flooding attack because of the additional resources used by the SOAP protocol and the resources necessary to process SOAP messages. The transactions used are immaterial as long as they cause resource utilization on the target. In other words, this is a normal flooding attack augmented by using messages that will require extra processing on the target.
CAPEC-227: Sustained Client Engagement
An adversary attempts to deny legitimate users access to a resource by continually engaging a specific resource in an attempt to keep the resource tied up as long as possible. The adversary's primary goal is not to crash or flood the target, which would alert defenders; rather it is to repeatedly perform actions or abuse algorithmic flaws such that a given resource is tied up and not available to a legitimate user. By carefully crafting a requests that keep the resource engaged through what is seemingly benign requests, legitimate users are limited or completely denied access to the resource.
CAPEC-492: Regular Expression Exponential Blowup
An adversary may execute an attack on a program that uses a poor Regular Expression(Regex) implementation by choosing input that results in an extreme situation for the Regex. A typical extreme situation operates at exponential time compared to the input size. This is due to most implementations using a Nondeterministic Finite Automaton(NFA) state machine to be built by the Regex algorithm since NFA allows backtracking and thus more complex regular expressions.