Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-400

Discouraged

Uncontrolled Resource Consumption

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

The product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource.

6465 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-V464-R2R9-WWW7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-20 12:32 – Updated: 2025-03-21 17:25
VLAI
Summary
Ollama Vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) via Crafted GZIP
Details

An Out-Of-Memory (OOM) vulnerability exists in the ollama server version 0.3.14. This vulnerability can be triggered when a malicious API server responds with a gzip bomb HTTP response, leading to the ollama server crashing. The vulnerability is present in the makeRequestWithRetry and getAuthorizationToken functions, which use io.ReadAll to read the response body. This can result in excessive memory usage and a Denial of Service (DoS) condition.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/ollama/ollama"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "last_affected": "0.3.14"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-12886"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400",
      "CWE-409"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-03-21T17:25:07Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-03-20T10:15:31Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An Out-Of-Memory (OOM) vulnerability exists in the `ollama` server version 0.3.14. This vulnerability can be triggered when a malicious API server responds with a gzip bomb HTTP response, leading to the `ollama` server crashing. The vulnerability is present in the `makeRequestWithRetry` and `getAuthorizationToken` functions, which use `io.ReadAll` to read the response body. This can result in excessive memory usage and a Denial of Service (DoS) condition.",
  "id": "GHSA-v464-r2r9-www7",
  "modified": "2025-03-21T17:25:07Z",
  "published": "2025-03-20T12:32:44Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-12886"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/ollama/ollama"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://huntr.com/bounties/f115fe52-58af-4844-ad29-b1c25f7245df"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Ollama Vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) via Crafted GZIP"
}

GHSA-V47J-C7R7-829C

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-11 18:31 – Updated: 2024-07-11 18:31
VLAI
Details

An Uncontrolled Resource Consumption vulnerability in the aftmand process of Juniper Networks Junos OS Evolved allows an unauthenticated, network-based attacker to consume memory resources, resulting in a Denial of Service (DoS) condition. The processes do not recover on their own and must be manually restarted.

This issue affects both IPv4 and IPv6. 

Changes in memory usage can be monitored using the following CLI command: user@device> show system memory node | grep evo-aftmann This issue affects Junos OS Evolved: 

  • All versions before 21.2R3-S8-EVO, 
  • 21.3 versions before 21.3R3-S5-EVO, 
  • 21.4 versions before 21.4R3-S5-EVO, 
  • 22.1 versions before 22.1R3-S4-EVO, 
  • 22.2 versions before 22.2R3-S4-EVO,
  • 22.3 versions before 22.3R3-S3-EVO,
  • 22.4 versions before 22.4R2-S2-EVO, 22.4R3-EVO, 
  • 23.2 versions before 23.2R1-S1-EVO, 23.2R2-EVO.
Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-39548"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-07-11T17:15:14Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An Uncontrolled Resource Consumption vulnerability in the aftmand process of Juniper Networks Junos OS Evolved allows an unauthenticated, network-based attacker to consume memory resources, resulting in a Denial of Service (DoS) condition. The processes do not recover on their own and must be manually restarted.\n\nThis issue affects both IPv4 and IPv6.\u00a0\n\nChanges in memory usage can be monitored using the following CLI command:\nuser@device\u003e show system memory node \u003cfpc slot\u003e | grep evo-aftmann\nThis issue affects Junos OS Evolved:\u00a0\n\n\n\n  *  All versions before 21.2R3-S8-EVO,\u00a0\n  *  21.3 versions before 21.3R3-S5-EVO,\u00a0\n  *  21.4 versions before 21.4R3-S5-EVO,\u00a0\n  *  22.1 versions before 22.1R3-S4-EVO,\u00a0\n  *  22.2 versions before 22.2R3-S4-EVO,\n  *  22.3 versions before 22.3R3-S3-EVO,\n  *  22.4 versions before 22.4R2-S2-EVO, 22.4R3-EVO,\u00a0\n  *  23.2 versions before 23.2R1-S1-EVO, 23.2R2-EVO.",
  "id": "GHSA-v47j-c7r7-829c",
  "modified": "2024-07-11T18:31:14Z",
  "published": "2024-07-11T18:31:13Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-39548"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://supportportal.juniper.net/JSA83010"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:L/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:U/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V47R-RWV6-47CQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 00:54 – Updated: 2022-05-14 00:54
VLAI
Details

CiffDirectory::readDirectory() at crwimage_int.cpp in Exiv2 0.26 has excessive stack consumption due to a recursive function, leading to Denial of service.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-17581"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-09-28T09:29:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "CiffDirectory::readDirectory() at crwimage_int.cpp in Exiv2 0.26 has excessive stack consumption due to a recursive function, leading to Denial of service.",
  "id": "GHSA-v47r-rwv6-47cq",
  "modified": "2022-05-14T00:54:46Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T00:54:46Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-17581"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Exiv2/exiv2/issues/460"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:2101"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/SegfaultMasters/covering360/blob/master/Exiv2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2019/02/msg00038.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/01/msg00004.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3852-1"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V486-MQFX-FV74

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-02-10 00:00 – Updated: 2022-05-24 00:01
VLAI
Details

Windows User Account Profile Picture Denial of Service Vulnerability.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-22002"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-02-09T17:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Windows User Account Profile Picture Denial of Service Vulnerability.",
  "id": "GHSA-v486-mqfx-fv74",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T00:01:04Z",
  "published": "2022-02-10T00:00:23Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-22002"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-22002"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2022-22002"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-22-317"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V4C2-68G7-MPCF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-28 18:30 – Updated: 2025-10-29 15:31
VLAI
Details

Bitcoin Core through 29.0 allows Uncontrolled Resource Consumption (issue 2 of 2).

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-54605"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-10-28T17:15:37Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Bitcoin Core through 29.0 allows Uncontrolled Resource Consumption (issue 2 of 2).",
  "id": "GHSA-v4c2-68g7-mpcf",
  "modified": "2025-10-29T15:31:54Z",
  "published": "2025-10-28T18:30:30Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54605"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bitcoincore.org/en/2025/10/24/disclose-cve-2025-54605"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Common_Vulnerabilities_and_Exposures"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/releases"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V4CP-84G9-JWMP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:29 – Updated: 2022-10-27 19:00
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability in the PROFINET feature of Cisco IOS Software and Cisco IOS XE Software could allow an unauthenticated, adjacent attacker to cause an affected device to crash and reload, resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition on the device. The vulnerability is due to insufficient processing logic for crafted PROFINET packets that are sent to an affected device. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted PROFINET packets to an affected device for processing. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to cause the device to crash and reload, resulting in a DoS condition on the device.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-3409"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-09-24T18:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability in the PROFINET feature of Cisco IOS Software and Cisco IOS XE Software could allow an unauthenticated, adjacent attacker to cause an affected device to crash and reload, resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition on the device. The vulnerability is due to insufficient processing logic for crafted PROFINET packets that are sent to an affected device. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted PROFINET packets to an affected device for processing. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to cause the device to crash and reload, resulting in a DoS condition on the device.",
  "id": "GHSA-v4cp-84g9-jwmp",
  "modified": "2022-10-27T19:00:33Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:29:27Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-3409"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-profinet-J9QMCHPB"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V4P3-MV8C-JVGX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-09 18:30 – Updated: 2024-04-09 18:30
VLAI
Details

DHCP Server Service Denial of Service Vulnerability

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-26215"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-04-09T17:15:40Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "DHCP Server Service Denial of Service Vulnerability",
  "id": "GHSA-v4p3-mv8c-jvgx",
  "modified": "2024-04-09T18:30:25Z",
  "published": "2024-04-09T18:30:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-26215"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2024-26215"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V4RH-8P82-6H5W

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2020-06-22 14:39 – Updated: 2021-09-22 18:35
VLAI
Summary
Regular expression denial of service in url-regex
Details

all versions of url-regex are vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service. An attacker providing a very long string in String.test can cause a Denial of Service.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "url-regex"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "last_affected": "5.0.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-7661"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2020-06-18T14:26:22Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "all versions of url-regex are vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service. An attacker providing a very long string in String.test can cause a Denial of Service.",
  "id": "GHSA-v4rh-8p82-6h5w",
  "modified": "2021-09-22T18:35:57Z",
  "published": "2020-06-22T14:39:03Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-7661"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/kevva/url-regex/issues/70"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/kevva/url-regex"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JS-URLREGEX-569472"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Regular expression denial of service in url-regex"
}

GHSA-V4V5-73P4-RG59

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-08 18:34 – Updated: 2025-04-08 18:34
VLAI
Details

Uncontrolled resource consumption in Windows Standards-Based Storage Management Service allows an unauthorized attacker to deny service over a network.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-26652"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-04-08T18:15:49Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Uncontrolled resource consumption in Windows Standards-Based Storage Management Service allows an unauthorized attacker to deny service over a network.",
  "id": "GHSA-v4v5-73p4-rg59",
  "modified": "2025-04-08T18:34:46Z",
  "published": "2025-04-08T18:34:46Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-26652"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-26652"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V4W8-49PV-MF72

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-20 18:36 – Updated: 2026-01-20 18:36
VLAI
Summary
ChatterBot Vulnerable to Denial of Service via Database Connection Pool Exhaustion
Details

Summary

ChatterBot versions up to 1.2.10 are vulnerable to a denial-of-service condition caused by improper database session and connection pool management. Concurrent invocations of the get_response() method can exhaust the underlying SQLAlchemy connection pool, resulting in persistent service unavailability and requiring a manual restart to recover.

Details

ChatterBot relies on SQLAlchemy for database access and uses a connection pool with default limits. The get_response() method does not enforce concurrency limits, rate limiting, or explicit session lifecycle controls.

When multiple threads concurrently invoke get_response(), database connections are rapidly consumed and not released in a timely manner. This leads to exhaustion of the SQLAlchemy QueuePool, causing subsequent requests to block and eventually fail with a TimeoutError.

This issue can be triggered without authentication in deployments where ChatterBot is exposed as a chatbot service, making it exploitable by remote attackers to cause denial of service.

PoC Video: https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/4ee845c4-b847-4854-84ec-4b2fb2f7090f

PoC

  1. Install ChatterBot version 1.2.10.
  2. Use the default database configuration (SQLite / SQLAlchemy).
  3. Run the following Python script to invoke concurrent requests:

from chatterbot import ChatBot import threading

bot = ChatBot("dos-test")

def attack(): bot.get_response("hello")

threads = [] for _ in range(30): t = threading.Thread(target=attack) t.start() threads.append(t)

for t in threads: t.join()

  1. Observe that the application becomes unresponsive and raises SQLAlchemy TimeoutError exceptions indicating exhaustion of the connection pool.

Impact

This vulnerability allows an attacker to trigger a denial-of-service condition by exhausting the database connection pool. Once triggered, the chatbot becomes unresponsive to legitimate users and requires a manual restart to restore functionality.

All deployments of ChatterBot version 1.2.10 or earlier that allow concurrent access to the get_response() method are impacted.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 1.2.10"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "chatterbot"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.2.11"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-23842"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-01-20T18:36:17Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-01-19T19:16:04Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\nChatterBot versions up to 1.2.10 are vulnerable to a denial-of-service condition caused by improper database session and connection pool management. Concurrent invocations of the get_response() method can exhaust the underlying SQLAlchemy connection pool, resulting in persistent service unavailability and requiring a manual restart to recover.\n\n### Details\nChatterBot relies on SQLAlchemy for database access and uses a connection pool with default limits. The get_response() method does not enforce concurrency limits, rate limiting, or explicit session lifecycle controls.\n\nWhen multiple threads concurrently invoke get_response(), database connections are rapidly consumed and not released in a timely manner. This leads to exhaustion of the SQLAlchemy QueuePool, causing subsequent requests to block and eventually fail with a TimeoutError.\n\nThis issue can be triggered without authentication in deployments where ChatterBot is exposed as a chatbot service, making it exploitable by remote attackers to cause denial of service.\n\nPoC Video: \nhttps://github.com/user-attachments/assets/4ee845c4-b847-4854-84ec-4b2fb2f7090f\n\n### PoC\n1. Install ChatterBot version 1.2.10.\n2. Use the default database configuration (SQLite / SQLAlchemy).\n3. Run the following Python script to invoke concurrent requests:\n\nfrom chatterbot import ChatBot\nimport threading\n\nbot = ChatBot(\"dos-test\")\n\ndef attack():\n    bot.get_response(\"hello\")\n\nthreads = []\nfor _ in range(30):\n    t = threading.Thread(target=attack)\n    t.start()\n    threads.append(t)\n\nfor t in threads:\n    t.join()\n\n4. Observe that the application becomes unresponsive and raises SQLAlchemy TimeoutError exceptions indicating exhaustion of the connection pool.\n\n### Impact\nThis vulnerability allows an attacker to trigger a denial-of-service condition by exhausting the database connection pool. Once triggered, the chatbot becomes unresponsive to legitimate users and requires a manual restart to restore functionality.\n\nAll deployments of ChatterBot version 1.2.10 or earlier that allow concurrent access to the get_response() method are impacted.",
  "id": "GHSA-v4w8-49pv-mf72",
  "modified": "2026-01-20T18:36:17Z",
  "published": "2026-01-20T18:36:17Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/gunthercox/ChatterBot/security/advisories/GHSA-v4w8-49pv-mf72"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-23842"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/gunthercox/ChatterBot/pull/2432"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/gunthercox/ChatterBot/commit/de89fe648139f8eeacc998ad4524fab291a378cf"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/gunthercox/ChatterBot"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/gunthercox/ChatterBot/releases/tag/1.2.11"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/4ee845c4-b847-4854-84ec-4b2fb2f7090f"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "ChatterBot Vulnerable to Denial of Service via Database Connection Pool Exhaustion"
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Design throttling mechanisms into the system architecture. The best protection is to limit the amount of resources that an unauthorized user can cause to be expended. A strong authentication and access control model will help prevent such attacks from occurring in the first place. The login application should be protected against DoS attacks as much as possible. Limiting the database access, perhaps by caching result sets, can help minimize the resources expended. To further limit the potential for a DoS attack, consider tracking the rate of requests received from users and blocking requests that exceed a defined rate threshold.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Mitigation of resource exhaustion attacks requires that the target system either:
  • The first of these solutions is an issue in itself though, since it may allow attackers to prevent the use of the system by a particular valid user. If the attacker impersonates the valid user, they may be able to prevent the user from accessing the server in question.
  • The second solution is simply difficult to effectively institute -- and even when properly done, it does not provide a full solution. It simply makes the attack require more resources on the part of the attacker.
  • recognizes the attack and denies that user further access for a given amount of time, or
  • uniformly throttles all requests in order to make it more difficult to consume resources more quickly than they can again be freed.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Ensure that protocols have specific limits of scale placed on them.

Mitigation
Implementation

Ensure that all failures in resource allocation place the system into a safe posture.

CAPEC-147: XML Ping of the Death

An attacker initiates a resource depletion attack where a large number of small XML messages are delivered at a sufficiently rapid rate to cause a denial of service or crash of the target. Transactions such as repetitive SOAP transactions can deplete resources faster than a simple flooding attack because of the additional resources used by the SOAP protocol and the resources necessary to process SOAP messages. The transactions used are immaterial as long as they cause resource utilization on the target. In other words, this is a normal flooding attack augmented by using messages that will require extra processing on the target.

CAPEC-227: Sustained Client Engagement

An adversary attempts to deny legitimate users access to a resource by continually engaging a specific resource in an attempt to keep the resource tied up as long as possible. The adversary's primary goal is not to crash or flood the target, which would alert defenders; rather it is to repeatedly perform actions or abuse algorithmic flaws such that a given resource is tied up and not available to a legitimate user. By carefully crafting a requests that keep the resource engaged through what is seemingly benign requests, legitimate users are limited or completely denied access to the resource.

CAPEC-492: Regular Expression Exponential Blowup

An adversary may execute an attack on a program that uses a poor Regular Expression(Regex) implementation by choosing input that results in an extreme situation for the Regex. A typical extreme situation operates at exponential time compared to the input size. This is due to most implementations using a Nondeterministic Finite Automaton(NFA) state machine to be built by the Regex algorithm since NFA allows backtracking and thus more complex regular expressions.