CWE-400
DiscouragedUncontrolled Resource Consumption
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource.
6465 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-R2RG-JMVF-RF47
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-04 18:31 – Updated: 2026-03-04 18:31A technique has been identified that adapts a known port-stealing method to Wi-Fi environments that use multiple BSSIDs. By leveraging the relationship between BSSIDs and their associated virtual ports, an attacker could potentially bypass inter-BSSID isolation controls. Successful exploitation may enable an attacker to redirect and intercept the victim's network traffic, potentially resulting in eavesdropping, session hijacking, or denial of service.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-23809"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-04T17:16:18Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A technique has been identified that adapts a known port-stealing method to Wi-Fi environments that use multiple BSSIDs. By leveraging the relationship between BSSIDs and their associated virtual ports, an attacker could potentially bypass inter-BSSID isolation controls. Successful exploitation may enable an attacker to redirect and intercept the victim\u0027s network traffic, potentially resulting in eavesdropping, session hijacking, or denial of service.",
"id": "GHSA-r2rg-jmvf-rf47",
"modified": "2026-03-04T18:31:53Z",
"published": "2026-03-04T18:31:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-23809"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.hpe.com/hpesc/public/docDisplay?docId=hpesbnw05026en_us\u0026docLocale=en_US"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R2RQ-3P63-8CQM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-26 03:30 – Updated: 2026-09-26 03:30OpenClaw (npm package 'openclaw') versions >= 2026.6.6 and < 2026.8.1 apply the SMS webhook invalid-request rate limit before Twilio signature verification and identify clients only by the raw proxy socket address. In deployments where the SMS/Twilio webhook sits behind a trusted reverse proxy or tunnel so that multiple external clients share one socket address, an unauthenticated remote sender can exhaust the shared pre-authentication rate-limit budget with invalid requests, causing subsequent correctly signed Twilio callbacks to receive HTTP 429 responses. The result is temporary inbound SMS loss while the shared window remains exhausted; the attacker cannot forge a callback or access message data. Fixed in 2026.8.1.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-100571"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-26T03:17:04Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "OpenClaw (npm package \u0027openclaw\u0027) versions \u003e= 2026.6.6 and \u003c 2026.8.1 apply the SMS webhook invalid-request rate limit before Twilio signature verification and identify clients only by the raw proxy socket address. In deployments where the SMS/Twilio webhook sits behind a trusted reverse proxy or tunnel so that multiple external clients share one socket address, an unauthenticated remote sender can exhaust the shared pre-authentication rate-limit budget with invalid requests, causing subsequent correctly signed Twilio callbacks to receive HTTP 429 responses. The result is temporary inbound SMS loss while the shared window remains exhausted; the attacker cannot forge a callback or access message data. Fixed in 2026.8.1.",
"id": "GHSA-r2rq-3p63-8cqm",
"modified": "2026-09-26T03:30:26Z",
"published": "2026-09-26T03:30:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-xw48-j584-r73h"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-100571"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-before-2026.8.1-sms-webhook-rate-limit-bypass"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-R2WR-FR6P-92WF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-22 00:31 – Updated: 2026-07-22 00:31Vulnerability in the Oracle Unified Directory product of Oracle Fusion Middleware (component: OUD Core). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.1.4.0 and 14.1.2.1.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via LDAP to compromise Oracle Unified Directory. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a hang or frequently repeatable crash (complete DOS) of Oracle Unified Directory. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 7.5 (Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-60425"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-21T22:17:44Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in the Oracle Unified Directory product of Oracle Fusion Middleware (component: OUD Core). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.1.4.0 and 14.1.2.1.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via LDAP to compromise Oracle Unified Directory. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a hang or frequently repeatable crash (complete DOS) of Oracle Unified Directory. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 7.5 (Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).",
"id": "GHSA-r2wr-fr6p-92wf",
"modified": "2026-07-22T00:31:40Z",
"published": "2026-07-22T00:31:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-60425"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2026.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R326-PP3G-7CQ4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-29 18:30 – Updated: 2025-12-31 18:30An issue was discovered in function d_unqualified_name in file cp-demangle.c in BinUtils 2.26 allowing attackers to cause a denial of service via crafted PE file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-66861"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-29T17:15:45Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in function d_unqualified_name in file cp-demangle.c in BinUtils 2.26 allowing attackers to cause a denial of service via crafted PE file.",
"id": "GHSA-r326-pp3g-7cq4",
"modified": "2025-12-31T18:30:23Z",
"published": "2025-12-29T18:30:55Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-66861"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/caozhzh/CRGF-Vul/blob/main/cxxfilt/crash1.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R32R-3977-CGC3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2018-10-18 16:50 – Updated: 2022-09-13 23:34JBoss KeyCloak versions prior to 1.0.3.Final allow remote attackers to create a denial of service (resource consumption) by supplying a large value in the size parameter to auth/qrcode, related to QR code generation.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.keycloak:keycloak-core"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.0.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2014-3651"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2020-06-16T21:53:24Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "JBoss KeyCloak versions prior to 1.0.3.Final allow remote attackers to create a denial of service (resource consumption) by supplying a large value in the size parameter to auth/qrcode, related to QR code generation.",
"id": "GHSA-r32r-3977-cgc3",
"modified": "2022-09-13T23:34:44Z",
"published": "2018-10-18T16:50:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2014-3651"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1144278"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-r32r-3977-cgc3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.jboss.org/browse/KEYCLOAK-699"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Keycloak vulnerable to uncontrolled resource consumption"
}
GHSA-R33M-95PX-PX34
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-15 21:31 – Updated: 2025-07-15 21:31Vulnerability in the MySQL Server product of Oracle MySQL (component: Server: Thread Pooling). Supported versions that are affected are 8.0.0-8.0.42, 8.4.0-8.4.5 and 9.0.0-9.3.0. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows high privileged attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise MySQL Server. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a partial denial of service (partial DOS) of MySQL Server. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 2.2 (Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-50100"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-07-15T20:15:46Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in the MySQL Server product of Oracle MySQL (component: Server: Thread Pooling). Supported versions that are affected are 8.0.0-8.0.42, 8.4.0-8.4.5 and 9.0.0-9.3.0. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows high privileged attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise MySQL Server. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a partial denial of service (partial DOS) of MySQL Server. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 2.2 (Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L).",
"id": "GHSA-r33m-95px-px34",
"modified": "2025-07-15T21:31:42Z",
"published": "2025-07-15T21:31:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-50100"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2025.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R33Q-22HV-J29Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-06-29 21:14 – Updated: 2023-02-09 19:39Impact
A DoS vulnerability can make a LES server crash via malicious GetProofsV2 request from a connected LES client.
Patches
The vulnerability was patched in https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/pull/21896.
Workarounds
This vulnerability only concerns users explicitly enabling les server; disabling les prevents the exploit.
It can also be patched by manually applying the patch in https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/pull/21896.
For more information
If you have any questions or comments about this advisory: * Open an issue in go-ethereum * Email us at security@ethereum.org
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.9.25"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-26264"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2021-05-21T21:45:23Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Impact\n\nA DoS vulnerability can make a LES server crash via malicious `GetProofsV2` request from a connected LES client.\n\n### Patches\n\nThe vulnerability was patched in https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/pull/21896. \n\n### Workarounds\n\nThis vulnerability only concerns users explicitly enabling `les` server; disabling `les` prevents the exploit. \nIt can also be patched by manually applying the patch in https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/pull/21896. \n\n\n### For more information\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory:\n* Open an issue in [go-ethereum](https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum)\n* Email us at [security@ethereum.org](mailto:security@ethereum.org)",
"id": "GHSA-r33q-22hv-j29q",
"modified": "2023-02-09T19:39:22Z",
"published": "2021-06-29T21:14:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/security/advisories/GHSA-r33q-22hv-j29q"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-26264"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/pull/21896"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/commit/bddd103a9f0af27ef533f04e06ea429cf76b6d46"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/releases/tag/v1.9.25"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://pkg.go.dev/vuln/GO-2021-0063"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Denial of service in github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum"
}
GHSA-R364-R477-7MHC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-28 12:30 – Updated: 2026-08-28 12:30An attacker that can send mail to a user can craft a message header that makes the IMAP THREAD command consume CPU disproportionate to the size of the message. When a mail client issues a THREAD command on the affected mailbox, this can cause degradation or denial of service for IMAP. Monitor system for abnormal CPU usage, kill the offending process and remove the offending message from the affected mailbox. Update to non-vulnerable version. No publicly available exploits are known.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-40014"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-28T12:16:28Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An attacker that can send mail to a user can craft a message header that makes the IMAP THREAD command consume CPU disproportionate to the size of the message. When a mail client issues a THREAD command on the affected mailbox, this can cause degradation or denial of service for IMAP. Monitor system for abnormal CPU usage, kill the offending process and remove the offending message from the affected mailbox. Update to non-vulnerable version. No publicly available exploits are known.",
"id": "GHSA-r364-r477-7mhc",
"modified": "2026-08-28T12:30:25Z",
"published": "2026-08-28T12:30:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-40014"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://documentation.open-xchange.com/dovecot/security/advisories/csaf/2026/oxdc-adv-2026-0003.json"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R3FV-HXW4-7FJ4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:34 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:34A vulnerability in the detection engine of Cisco Firepower System Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to bypass a configured Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) rule that inspects certain types of TCP traffic. The vulnerability is due to incorrect TCP retransmission handling. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a crafted TCP connection request through an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to bypass configured IPS rules and allow uninspected traffic onto the network.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-15443"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-11-08T17:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in the detection engine of Cisco Firepower System Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to bypass a configured Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) rule that inspects certain types of TCP traffic. The vulnerability is due to incorrect TCP retransmission handling. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a crafted TCP connection request through an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to bypass configured IPS rules and allow uninspected traffic onto the network.",
"id": "GHSA-r3fv-hxw4-7fj4",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:34:16Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:34:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-15443"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20181107-fde-tcp-bypass"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/105870"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R3HJ-WHX4-HVVJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-20 12:32 – Updated: 2025-03-20 12:32A vulnerability in parisneo/lollms-webui v13 arises from the server's handling of multipart boundaries in file uploads. The server does not limit or validate the length of the boundary or the characters appended to it, allowing an attacker to craft requests with excessively long boundaries, leading to resource exhaustion and eventual denial of service (DoS). Despite an attempted patch in commit 483431bb, which blocked hyphen characters from being appended to the multipart boundary, the fix is insufficient. The server remains vulnerable if other characters (e.g., '4', 'a') are used instead of hyphens. This allows attackers to exploit the vulnerability using different characters, causing resource exhaustion and service unavailability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-1451"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400",
"CWE-770"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-03-20T10:15:53Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in parisneo/lollms-webui v13 arises from the server\u0027s handling of multipart boundaries in file uploads. The server does not limit or validate the length of the boundary or the characters appended to it, allowing an attacker to craft requests with excessively long boundaries, leading to resource exhaustion and eventual denial of service (DoS). Despite an attempted patch in commit 483431bb, which blocked hyphen characters from being appended to the multipart boundary, the fix is insufficient. The server remains vulnerable if other characters (e.g., \u00274\u0027, \u0027a\u0027) are used instead of hyphens. This allows attackers to exploit the vulnerability using different characters, causing resource exhaustion and service unavailability.",
"id": "GHSA-r3hj-whx4-hvvj",
"modified": "2025-03-20T12:32:52Z",
"published": "2025-03-20T12:32:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-1451"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://huntr.com/bounties/63f5aea4-953b-4b38-9f10-3afe425be1d4"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Design throttling mechanisms into the system architecture. The best protection is to limit the amount of resources that an unauthorized user can cause to be expended. A strong authentication and access control model will help prevent such attacks from occurring in the first place. The login application should be protected against DoS attacks as much as possible. Limiting the database access, perhaps by caching result sets, can help minimize the resources expended. To further limit the potential for a DoS attack, consider tracking the rate of requests received from users and blocking requests that exceed a defined rate threshold.
Mitigation
- Mitigation of resource exhaustion attacks requires that the target system either:
- The first of these solutions is an issue in itself though, since it may allow attackers to prevent the use of the system by a particular valid user. If the attacker impersonates the valid user, they may be able to prevent the user from accessing the server in question.
- The second solution is simply difficult to effectively institute -- and even when properly done, it does not provide a full solution. It simply makes the attack require more resources on the part of the attacker.
- recognizes the attack and denies that user further access for a given amount of time, or
- uniformly throttles all requests in order to make it more difficult to consume resources more quickly than they can again be freed.
Mitigation
Ensure that protocols have specific limits of scale placed on them.
Mitigation
Ensure that all failures in resource allocation place the system into a safe posture.
CAPEC-147: XML Ping of the Death
An attacker initiates a resource depletion attack where a large number of small XML messages are delivered at a sufficiently rapid rate to cause a denial of service or crash of the target. Transactions such as repetitive SOAP transactions can deplete resources faster than a simple flooding attack because of the additional resources used by the SOAP protocol and the resources necessary to process SOAP messages. The transactions used are immaterial as long as they cause resource utilization on the target. In other words, this is a normal flooding attack augmented by using messages that will require extra processing on the target.
CAPEC-227: Sustained Client Engagement
An adversary attempts to deny legitimate users access to a resource by continually engaging a specific resource in an attempt to keep the resource tied up as long as possible. The adversary's primary goal is not to crash or flood the target, which would alert defenders; rather it is to repeatedly perform actions or abuse algorithmic flaws such that a given resource is tied up and not available to a legitimate user. By carefully crafting a requests that keep the resource engaged through what is seemingly benign requests, legitimate users are limited or completely denied access to the resource.
CAPEC-492: Regular Expression Exponential Blowup
An adversary may execute an attack on a program that uses a poor Regular Expression(Regex) implementation by choosing input that results in an extreme situation for the Regex. A typical extreme situation operates at exponential time compared to the input size. This is due to most implementations using a Nondeterministic Finite Automaton(NFA) state machine to be built by the Regex algorithm since NFA allows backtracking and thus more complex regular expressions.